/* $NetBSD: kern_synch.c,v 1.113 2002/09/22 05:36:48 gmcgarry Exp $ */ /*- * Copyright (c) 1999, 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. * All rights reserved. * * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation * by Jason R. Thorpe of the Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility, * NASA Ames Research Center. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the NetBSD * Foundation, Inc. and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ /*- * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1990, 1991, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the University of * California, Berkeley and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * @(#)kern_synch.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 5/19/95 */ #include __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kern_synch.c,v 1.113 2002/09/22 05:36:48 gmcgarry Exp $"); #include "opt_ddb.h" #include "opt_ktrace.h" #include "opt_kstack.h" #include "opt_lockdebug.h" #include "opt_multiprocessor.h" #include "opt_perfctrs.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #if defined(PERFCTRS) #include #endif #include #include #include #include #ifdef KTRACE #include #endif #include int lbolt; /* once a second sleep address */ int rrticks; /* number of hardclock ticks per roundrobin() */ /* * The global scheduler state. */ struct prochd sched_qs[RUNQUE_NQS]; /* run queues */ __volatile u_int32_t sched_whichqs; /* bitmap of non-empty queues */ struct slpque sched_slpque[SLPQUE_TABLESIZE]; /* sleep queues */ struct simplelock sched_lock = SIMPLELOCK_INITIALIZER; void schedcpu(void *); void updatepri(struct proc *); void endtsleep(void *); __inline void awaken(struct proc *); struct callout schedcpu_ch = CALLOUT_INITIALIZER; /* * Force switch among equal priority processes every 100ms. * Called from hardclock every hz/10 == rrticks hardclock ticks. */ /* ARGSUSED */ void roundrobin(struct cpu_info *ci) { struct schedstate_percpu *spc = &ci->ci_schedstate; spc->spc_rrticks = rrticks; if (curproc != NULL) { if (spc->spc_flags & SPCF_SEENRR) { /* * The process has already been through a roundrobin * without switching and may be hogging the CPU. * Indicate that the process should yield. */ spc->spc_flags |= SPCF_SHOULDYIELD; } else spc->spc_flags |= SPCF_SEENRR; } need_resched(curcpu()); } /* * Constants for digital decay and forget: * 90% of (p_estcpu) usage in 5 * loadav time * 95% of (p_pctcpu) usage in 60 seconds (load insensitive) * Note that, as ps(1) mentions, this can let percentages * total over 100% (I've seen 137.9% for 3 processes). * * Note that hardclock updates p_estcpu and p_cpticks independently. * * We wish to decay away 90% of p_estcpu in (5 * loadavg) seconds. * That is, the system wants to compute a value of decay such * that the following for loop: * for (i = 0; i < (5 * loadavg); i++) * p_estcpu *= decay; * will compute * p_estcpu *= 0.1; * for all values of loadavg: * * Mathematically this loop can be expressed by saying: * decay ** (5 * loadavg) ~= .1 * * The system computes decay as: * decay = (2 * loadavg) / (2 * loadavg + 1) * * We wish to prove that the system's computation of decay * will always fulfill the equation: * decay ** (5 * loadavg) ~= .1 * * If we compute b as: * b = 2 * loadavg * then * decay = b / (b + 1) * * We now need to prove two things: * 1) Given factor ** (5 * loadavg) ~= .1, prove factor == b/(b+1) * 2) Given b/(b+1) ** power ~= .1, prove power == (5 * loadavg) * * Facts: * For x close to zero, exp(x) =~ 1 + x, since * exp(x) = 0! + x**1/1! + x**2/2! + ... . * therefore exp(-1/b) =~ 1 - (1/b) = (b-1)/b. * For x close to zero, ln(1+x) =~ x, since * ln(1+x) = x - x**2/2 + x**3/3 - ... -1 < x < 1 * therefore ln(b/(b+1)) = ln(1 - 1/(b+1)) =~ -1/(b+1). * ln(.1) =~ -2.30 * * Proof of (1): * Solve (factor)**(power) =~ .1 given power (5*loadav): * solving for factor, * ln(factor) =~ (-2.30/5*loadav), or * factor =~ exp(-1/((5/2.30)*loadav)) =~ exp(-1/(2*loadav)) = * exp(-1/b) =~ (b-1)/b =~ b/(b+1). QED * * Proof of (2): * Solve (factor)**(power) =~ .1 given factor == (b/(b+1)): * solving for power, * power*ln(b/(b+1)) =~ -2.30, or * power =~ 2.3 * (b + 1) = 4.6*loadav + 2.3 =~ 5*loadav. QED * * Actual power values for the implemented algorithm are as follows: * loadav: 1 2 3 4 * power: 5.68 10.32 14.94 19.55 */ /* calculations for digital decay to forget 90% of usage in 5*loadav sec */ #define loadfactor(loadav) (2 * (loadav)) #define decay_cpu(loadfac, cpu) (((loadfac) * (cpu)) / ((loadfac) + FSCALE)) /* decay 95% of `p_pctcpu' in 60 seconds; see CCPU_SHIFT before changing */ fixpt_t ccpu = 0.95122942450071400909 * FSCALE; /* exp(-1/20) */ /* * If `ccpu' is not equal to `exp(-1/20)' and you still want to use the * faster/more-accurate formula, you'll have to estimate CCPU_SHIFT below * and possibly adjust FSHIFT in "param.h" so that (FSHIFT >= CCPU_SHIFT). * * To estimate CCPU_SHIFT for exp(-1/20), the following formula was used: * 1 - exp(-1/20) ~= 0.0487 ~= 0.0488 == 1 (fixed pt, *11* bits). * * If you dont want to bother with the faster/more-accurate formula, you * can set CCPU_SHIFT to (FSHIFT + 1) which will use a slower/less-accurate * (more general) method of calculating the %age of CPU used by a process. */ #define CCPU_SHIFT 11 /* * Recompute process priorities, every hz ticks. */ /* ARGSUSED */ void schedcpu(void *arg) { fixpt_t loadfac = loadfactor(averunnable.ldavg[0]); struct proc *p; int s, s1; unsigned int newcpu; int clkhz; proclist_lock_read(); LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) { /* * Increment time in/out of memory and sleep time * (if sleeping). We ignore overflow; with 16-bit int's * (remember them?) overflow takes 45 days. */ p->p_swtime++; if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP || p->p_stat == SSTOP) p->p_slptime++; p->p_pctcpu = (p->p_pctcpu * ccpu) >> FSHIFT; /* * If the process has slept the entire second, * stop recalculating its priority until it wakes up. */ if (p->p_slptime > 1) continue; s = splstatclock(); /* prevent state changes */ /* * p_pctcpu is only for ps. */ clkhz = stathz != 0 ? stathz : hz; #if (FSHIFT >= CCPU_SHIFT) p->p_pctcpu += (clkhz == 100)? ((fixpt_t) p->p_cpticks) << (FSHIFT - CCPU_SHIFT): 100 * (((fixpt_t) p->p_cpticks) << (FSHIFT - CCPU_SHIFT)) / clkhz; #else p->p_pctcpu += ((FSCALE - ccpu) * (p->p_cpticks * FSCALE / clkhz)) >> FSHIFT; #endif p->p_cpticks = 0; newcpu = (u_int)decay_cpu(loadfac, p->p_estcpu); p->p_estcpu = newcpu; SCHED_LOCK(s1); resetpriority(p); if (p->p_priority >= PUSER) { if (p->p_stat == SRUN && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) && (p->p_priority / PPQ) != (p->p_usrpri / PPQ)) { remrunqueue(p); p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; setrunqueue(p); } else p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; } SCHED_UNLOCK(s1); splx(s); } proclist_unlock_read(); uvm_meter(); wakeup((caddr_t)&lbolt); callout_reset(&schedcpu_ch, hz, schedcpu, NULL); } /* * Recalculate the priority of a process after it has slept for a while. * For all load averages >= 1 and max p_estcpu of 255, sleeping for at * least six times the loadfactor will decay p_estcpu to zero. */ void updatepri(struct proc *p) { unsigned int newcpu; fixpt_t loadfac; SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); newcpu = p->p_estcpu; loadfac = loadfactor(averunnable.ldavg[0]); if (p->p_slptime > 5 * loadfac) p->p_estcpu = 0; else { p->p_slptime--; /* the first time was done in schedcpu */ while (newcpu && --p->p_slptime) newcpu = (int) decay_cpu(loadfac, newcpu); p->p_estcpu = newcpu; } resetpriority(p); } /* * During autoconfiguration or after a panic, a sleep will simply * lower the priority briefly to allow interrupts, then return. * The priority to be used (safepri) is machine-dependent, thus this * value is initialized and maintained in the machine-dependent layers. * This priority will typically be 0, or the lowest priority * that is safe for use on the interrupt stack; it can be made * higher to block network software interrupts after panics. */ int safepri; /* * General sleep call. Suspends the current process until a wakeup is * performed on the specified identifier. The process will then be made * runnable with the specified priority. Sleeps at most timo/hz seconds * (0 means no timeout). If pri includes PCATCH flag, signals are checked * before and after sleeping, else signals are not checked. Returns 0 if * awakened, EWOULDBLOCK if the timeout expires. If PCATCH is set and a * signal needs to be delivered, ERESTART is returned if the current system * call should be restarted if possible, and EINTR is returned if the system * call should be interrupted by the signal (return EINTR). * * The interlock is held until the scheduler_slock is acquired. The * interlock will be locked before returning back to the caller * unless the PNORELOCK flag is specified, in which case the * interlock will always be unlocked upon return. */ int ltsleep(void *ident, int priority, const char *wmesg, int timo, __volatile struct simplelock *interlock) { struct proc *p = curproc; struct slpque *qp; int sig, s; int catch = priority & PCATCH; int relock = (priority & PNORELOCK) == 0; /* * XXXSMP * This is probably bogus. Figure out what the right * thing to do here really is. * Note that not sleeping if ltsleep is called with curproc == NULL * in the shutdown case is disgusting but partly necessary given * how shutdown (barely) works. */ if (cold || (doing_shutdown && (panicstr || (p == NULL)))) { /* * After a panic, or during autoconfiguration, * just give interrupts a chance, then just return; * don't run any other procs or panic below, * in case this is the idle process and already asleep. */ s = splhigh(); splx(safepri); splx(s); if (interlock != NULL && relock == 0) simple_unlock(interlock); return (0); } KASSERT(p != NULL); LOCK_ASSERT(interlock == NULL || simple_lock_held(interlock)); #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 1, 0); #endif SCHED_LOCK(s); #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (ident == NULL) panic("ltsleep: ident == NULL"); if (p->p_stat != SONPROC) panic("ltsleep: p_stat %d != SONPROC", p->p_stat); if (p->p_back != NULL) panic("ltsleep: p_back != NULL"); #endif p->p_wchan = ident; p->p_wmesg = wmesg; p->p_slptime = 0; p->p_priority = priority & PRIMASK; qp = SLPQUE(ident); if (qp->sq_head == 0) qp->sq_head = p; else *qp->sq_tailp = p; *(qp->sq_tailp = &p->p_forw) = 0; if (timo) callout_reset(&p->p_tsleep_ch, timo, endtsleep, p); /* * We can now release the interlock; the scheduler_slock * is held, so a thread can't get in to do wakeup() before * we do the switch. * * XXX We leave the code block here, after inserting ourselves * on the sleep queue, because we might want a more clever * data structure for the sleep queues at some point. */ if (interlock != NULL) simple_unlock(interlock); /* * We put ourselves on the sleep queue and start our timeout * before calling CURSIG, as we could stop there, and a wakeup * or a SIGCONT (or both) could occur while we were stopped. * A SIGCONT would cause us to be marked as SSLEEP * without resuming us, thus we must be ready for sleep * when CURSIG is called. If the wakeup happens while we're * stopped, p->p_wchan will be 0 upon return from CURSIG. */ if (catch) { p->p_flag |= P_SINTR; if ((sig = CURSIG(p)) != 0) { if (p->p_wchan != NULL) unsleep(p); p->p_stat = SONPROC; SCHED_UNLOCK(s); goto resume; } if (p->p_wchan == NULL) { catch = 0; SCHED_UNLOCK(s); goto resume; } } else sig = 0; p->p_stat = SSLEEP; p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_nvcsw++; SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); mi_switch(p, NULL); #if defined(DDB) && !defined(GPROF) /* handy breakpoint location after process "wakes" */ __asm(".globl bpendtsleep ; bpendtsleep:"); #endif SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); splx(s); resume: KDASSERT(p->p_cpu != NULL); KDASSERT(p->p_cpu == curcpu()); p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_curpriority = p->p_usrpri; p->p_flag &= ~P_SINTR; if (p->p_flag & P_TIMEOUT) { p->p_flag &= ~P_TIMEOUT; if (sig == 0) { #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 0, 0); #endif if (relock && interlock != NULL) simple_lock(interlock); return (EWOULDBLOCK); } } else if (timo) callout_stop(&p->p_tsleep_ch); if (catch && (sig != 0 || (sig = CURSIG(p)) != 0)) { #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 0, 0); #endif if (relock && interlock != NULL) simple_lock(interlock); if ((SIGACTION(p, sig).sa_flags & SA_RESTART) == 0) return (EINTR); return (ERESTART); } #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 0, 0); #endif if (relock && interlock != NULL) simple_lock(interlock); return (0); } /* * Implement timeout for tsleep. * If process hasn't been awakened (wchan non-zero), * set timeout flag and undo the sleep. If proc * is stopped, just unsleep so it will remain stopped. */ void endtsleep(void *arg) { struct proc *p; int s; p = (struct proc *)arg; SCHED_LOCK(s); if (p->p_wchan) { if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP) setrunnable(p); else unsleep(p); p->p_flag |= P_TIMEOUT; } SCHED_UNLOCK(s); } /* * Remove a process from its wait queue */ void unsleep(struct proc *p) { struct slpque *qp; struct proc **hp; SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); if (p->p_wchan) { hp = &(qp = SLPQUE(p->p_wchan))->sq_head; while (*hp != p) hp = &(*hp)->p_forw; *hp = p->p_forw; if (qp->sq_tailp == &p->p_forw) qp->sq_tailp = hp; p->p_wchan = 0; } } /* * Optimized-for-wakeup() version of setrunnable(). */ __inline void awaken(struct proc *p) { SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); if (p->p_slptime > 1) updatepri(p); p->p_slptime = 0; p->p_stat = SRUN; /* * Since curpriority is a user priority, p->p_priority * is always better than curpriority. */ if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) { setrunqueue(p); KASSERT(p->p_cpu != NULL); need_resched(p->p_cpu); } else sched_wakeup(&proc0); } #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) || defined(LOCKDEBUG) void sched_unlock_idle(void) { simple_unlock(&sched_lock); } void sched_lock_idle(void) { simple_lock(&sched_lock); } #endif /* MULTIPROCESSOR || LOCKDEBUG */ /* * Make all processes sleeping on the specified identifier runnable. */ void wakeup(void *ident) { int s; SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); SCHED_LOCK(s); sched_wakeup(ident); SCHED_UNLOCK(s); } void sched_wakeup(void *ident) { struct slpque *qp; struct proc *p, **q; SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); qp = SLPQUE(ident); restart: for (q = &qp->sq_head; (p = *q) != NULL; ) { #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (p->p_back || (p->p_stat != SSLEEP && p->p_stat != SSTOP)) panic("wakeup"); #endif if (p->p_wchan == ident) { p->p_wchan = 0; *q = p->p_forw; if (qp->sq_tailp == &p->p_forw) qp->sq_tailp = q; if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP) { awaken(p); goto restart; } } else q = &p->p_forw; } } /* * Make the highest priority process first in line on the specified * identifier runnable. */ void wakeup_one(void *ident) { struct slpque *qp; struct proc *p, **q; struct proc *best_sleepp, **best_sleepq; struct proc *best_stopp, **best_stopq; int s; best_sleepp = best_stopp = NULL; best_sleepq = best_stopq = NULL; SCHED_LOCK(s); qp = SLPQUE(ident); for (q = &qp->sq_head; (p = *q) != NULL; q = &p->p_forw) { #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (p->p_back || (p->p_stat != SSLEEP && p->p_stat != SSTOP)) panic("wakeup_one"); #endif if (p->p_wchan == ident) { if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP) { if (best_sleepp == NULL || p->p_priority < best_sleepp->p_priority) { best_sleepp = p; best_sleepq = q; } } else { if (best_stopp == NULL || p->p_priority < best_stopp->p_priority) { best_stopp = p; best_stopq = q; } } } } /* * Consider any SSLEEP process higher than the highest priority SSTOP * process. */ if (best_sleepp != NULL) { p = best_sleepp; q = best_sleepq; } else { p = best_stopp; q = best_stopq; } if (p != NULL) { p->p_wchan = NULL; *q = p->p_forw; if (qp->sq_tailp == &p->p_forw) qp->sq_tailp = q; if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP) awaken(p); } SCHED_UNLOCK(s); } #if defined(__HAVE_CHOOSEPROC) /* * Remove the next process of the highest priority from the run queue. * If the queue is empty, then call cpu_idle() and wait until one is * available. Set curproc to NULL to avoid the process accumulating * time while we idle. */ struct proc * chooseproc(void) { struct proc *oldp, *newp; oldp = curproc; curproc = NULL; for (;;) { newp = nextrunqueue(); if (newp != NULL) break; cpu_idle(); } curproc = oldp; return (newp); } #endif /* * General yield call. Puts the current process back on its run queue and * performs a voluntary context switch. */ void yield(void) { struct proc *p = curproc; int s; SCHED_LOCK(s); p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; p->p_stat = SRUN; setrunqueue(p); p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_nvcsw++; mi_switch(p, NULL); SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); splx(s); } /* * General preemption call. Puts the current process back on its run queue * and performs an involuntary context switch. If a process is supplied, * we switch to that process. Otherwise, we use the normal process selection * criteria. */ void preempt(struct proc *newp) { struct proc *p = curproc; int s; SCHED_LOCK(s); p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; p->p_stat = SRUN; setrunqueue(p); p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_nivcsw++; mi_switch(p, newp); SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); splx(s); } /* * The machine independent parts of context switch. * Must be called at splsched() (no higher!) and with * the sched_lock held. */ void mi_switch(struct proc *p, struct proc *newp) { struct schedstate_percpu *spc; struct rlimit *rlim; long s, u; struct timeval tv; #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) int hold_count; #endif SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) /* * Release the kernel_lock, as we are about to yield the CPU. * The scheduler lock is still held until cpu_switch() * selects a new process and removes it from the run queue. */ if (p->p_flag & P_BIGLOCK) hold_count = spinlock_release_all(&kernel_lock); #endif KDASSERT(p->p_cpu != NULL); KDASSERT(p->p_cpu == curcpu()); #if !defined(__HAVE_CHOOSEPROC) KDASSERT(newp == NULL); #endif spc = &p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate; #if defined(LOCKDEBUG) || defined(DIAGNOSTIC) spinlock_switchcheck(); #endif #ifdef LOCKDEBUG simple_lock_switchcheck(); #endif /* * Compute the amount of time during which the current * process was running. */ microtime(&tv); u = p->p_rtime.tv_usec + (tv.tv_usec - spc->spc_runtime.tv_usec); s = p->p_rtime.tv_sec + (tv.tv_sec - spc->spc_runtime.tv_sec); if (u < 0) { u += 1000000; s--; } else if (u >= 1000000) { u -= 1000000; s++; } /* * Check if the process exceeds its cpu resource allocation. * If over max, kill it. In any case, if it has run for more * than 10 minutes, reduce priority to give others a chance. */ rlim = &p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_CPU]; if (s >= rlim->rlim_cur) { /* * XXXSMP: we're inside the scheduler lock perimeter; * use sched_psignal. */ if (s >= rlim->rlim_max) sched_psignal(p, SIGKILL); else { sched_psignal(p, SIGXCPU); if (rlim->rlim_cur < rlim->rlim_max) rlim->rlim_cur += 5; } } if (autonicetime && s > autonicetime && p->p_ucred->cr_uid && p->p_nice == NZERO) { p->p_nice = autoniceval + NZERO; resetpriority(p); } /* * Process is about to yield the CPU; clear the appropriate * scheduling flags. */ spc->spc_flags &= ~SPCF_SWITCHCLEAR; #ifdef KSTACK_CHECK_MAGIC kstack_check_magic(p); #endif #if defined(__HAVE_CHOOSEPROC) /* * If we haven't been told which process to switch to, then * call nextrunqueue() to select the next process from the run * queue. */ if (newp == NULL) newp = nextrunqueue(); /* * If we're switching to ourself then don't bother reloading * the address space or recalculating the process execution * time. Just short-circuit out of here. */ if (newp == p) { p->p_stat = SONPROC; #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) || defined(LOCKDEBUG) sched_unlock_idle(); #endif goto out; } #endif /* __HAVE_CHOOSEPROC */ /* * We won't be short-circuiting our path out of here, so * update the outgoing process CPU usage. */ p->p_rtime.tv_usec = u; p->p_rtime.tv_sec = s; #if defined(__HAVE_CHOOSEPROC) /* * If newp == NULL, then nextrunqueue() couldn't find a * runnable process. We must invoke chooseproc() to wait for * one to become available. */ if (newp == NULL) newp = chooseproc(); /* * Check if we're switching to ourself. If we're not, then * call cpu_switch() to switch to the new current process. * We must have idled so the process CPU time has to be * recalculated. */ if (p == newp) { p->p_stat = SONPROC; #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) || defined(LOCKDEBUG) sched_unlock_idle(); #endif } else #endif /* __HAVE_CHOOSEPROC */ { /* * If we are using h/w performance counters, save context. */ #if PERFCTRS if (PMC_ENABLED(p)) pmc_save_context(p); #endif /* * Switch to the new current process. When we * run again, we'll return back here. */ uvmexp.swtch++; cpu_switch(p, newp); /* * If we are using h/w performance counters, restore context. */ #if PERFCTRS if (PMC_ENABLED(p)) pmc_restore_context(p); #endif } /* * We're running again; record our new start time. We might * be running on a new CPU now, so don't use the cache'd * schedstate_percpu pointer. */ KDASSERT(p->p_cpu != NULL); KDASSERT(p->p_cpu == curcpu()); microtime(&p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime); #if defined(__HAVE_CHOOSEPROC) out: #endif /* * Make sure that MD code released the scheduler lock before * resuming us. */ SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) /* * Reacquire the kernel_lock now. We do this after we've * released the scheduler lock to avoid deadlock, and before * we reacquire the interlock. */ if (p->p_flag & P_BIGLOCK) spinlock_acquire_count(&kernel_lock, hold_count); #endif } /* * Initialize the (doubly-linked) run queues * to be empty. */ void rqinit() { int i; for (i = 0; i < RUNQUE_NQS; i++) sched_qs[i].ph_link = sched_qs[i].ph_rlink = (struct proc *)&sched_qs[i]; } /* * Change process state to be runnable, * placing it on the run queue if it is in memory, * and awakening the swapper if it isn't in memory. */ void setrunnable(struct proc *p) { SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); switch (p->p_stat) { case 0: case SRUN: case SONPROC: case SZOMB: case SDEAD: default: panic("setrunnable"); case SSTOP: /* * If we're being traced (possibly because someone attached us * while we were stopped), check for a signal from the debugger. */ if ((p->p_flag & P_TRACED) != 0 && p->p_xstat != 0) { sigaddset(&p->p_sigctx.ps_siglist, p->p_xstat); CHECKSIGS(p); } case SSLEEP: unsleep(p); /* e.g. when sending signals */ break; case SIDL: break; } p->p_stat = SRUN; if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) setrunqueue(p); if (p->p_slptime > 1) updatepri(p); p->p_slptime = 0; if ((p->p_flag & P_INMEM) == 0) sched_wakeup((caddr_t)&proc0); else if (p->p_priority < curcpu()->ci_schedstate.spc_curpriority) { /* * XXXSMP * This is not exactly right. Since p->p_cpu persists * across a context switch, this gives us some sort * of processor affinity. But we need to figure out * at what point it's better to reschedule on a different * CPU than the last one. */ need_resched((p->p_cpu != NULL) ? p->p_cpu : curcpu()); } } /* * Compute the priority of a process when running in user mode. * Arrange to reschedule if the resulting priority is better * than that of the current process. */ void resetpriority(struct proc *p) { unsigned int newpriority; SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); newpriority = PUSER + p->p_estcpu + NICE_WEIGHT * (p->p_nice - NZERO); newpriority = min(newpriority, MAXPRI); p->p_usrpri = newpriority; if (newpriority < curcpu()->ci_schedstate.spc_curpriority) { /* * XXXSMP * Same applies as in setrunnable() above. */ need_resched((p->p_cpu != NULL) ? p->p_cpu : curcpu()); } } /* * We adjust the priority of the current process. The priority of a process * gets worse as it accumulates CPU time. The cpu usage estimator (p_estcpu) * is increased here. The formula for computing priorities (in kern_synch.c) * will compute a different value each time p_estcpu increases. This can * cause a switch, but unless the priority crosses a PPQ boundary the actual * queue will not change. The cpu usage estimator ramps up quite quickly * when the process is running (linearly), and decays away exponentially, at * a rate which is proportionally slower when the system is busy. The basic * principle is that the system will 90% forget that the process used a lot * of CPU time in 5 * loadav seconds. This causes the system to favor * processes which haven't run much recently, and to round-robin among other * processes. */ void schedclock(struct proc *p) { int s; p->p_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(p->p_estcpu + 1); SCHED_LOCK(s); resetpriority(p); SCHED_UNLOCK(s); if (p->p_priority >= PUSER) p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; } void suspendsched() { struct proc *p; int s; /* * Convert all non-P_SYSTEM SSLEEP or SRUN processes to SSTOP. */ proclist_lock_read(); SCHED_LOCK(s); LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) { if ((p->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) != 0) continue; switch (p->p_stat) { case SRUN: if ((p->p_flag & P_INMEM) != 0) remrunqueue(p); /* FALLTHROUGH */ case SSLEEP: p->p_stat = SSTOP; break; case SONPROC: /* * XXX SMP: we need to deal with processes on * others CPU ! */ break; default: break; } } SCHED_UNLOCK(s); proclist_unlock_read(); } /* * Low-level routines to access the run queue. Optimised assembler * routines can override these. */ #ifndef __HAVE_MD_RUNQUEUE void setrunqueue(struct proc *p) { struct prochd *rq; struct proc *prev; int whichq; #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (p->p_back != NULL || p->p_wchan != NULL || p->p_stat != SRUN) panic("setrunqueue"); #endif whichq = p->p_priority / 4; sched_whichqs |= (1<ph_rlink; p->p_forw = (struct proc *)rq; rq->ph_rlink = p; prev->p_forw = p; p->p_back = prev; } void remrunqueue(struct proc *p) { struct proc *prev, *next; int whichq; whichq = p->p_priority / 4; #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (((sched_whichqs & (1<p_back; p->p_back = NULL; next = p->p_forw; prev->p_forw = next; next->p_back = prev; if (prev == next) sched_whichqs &= ~(1<ph_link; #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (p == (struct proc *)rq) panic("nextrunqueue"); #endif next = p->p_forw; rq->ph_link = next; next->p_back = (struct proc *)rq; if (next == (struct proc *)rq) sched_whichqs &= ~(1<p_back = NULL; return (p); } #endif