/* $NetBSD: installboot.c,v 1.8 1998/12/01 15:30:01 leo Exp $ */ /* * Copyright (c) 1995 Waldi Ravens * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by Waldi Ravens. * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products * derived from this software without specific prior written permission * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define DKTYPENAMES #define FSTYPENAMES #include #include #include "installboot.h" static void usage __P((void)); static void oscheck __P((void)); static u_int abcksum __P((void *)); static void setNVpref __P((void)); static void setIDEpar __P((u_int8_t *, size_t)); static void mkahdiboot __P((struct ahdi_root *, char *, char *, daddr_t)); static void mkbootblock __P((struct bootblock *, char *, char *, struct disklabel *, u_int)); static void install_fd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); static void install_sd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); static void install_wd __P((char *, struct disklabel *)); static struct bootblock bootarea; static struct ahdi_root ahdiboot; static const char mdecpath[] = PATH_MDEC; static int nowrite = 0; static int verbose = 0; static int trackpercyl = 0; static int secpertrack = 0; static void usage () { fprintf(stderr, "usage: installboot [options] device\n" "where options are:\n" "\t-N do not actually write anything on the disk\n" "\t-t number of tracks per cylinder (IDE disk)\n" "\t-u number of sectors per track (IDE disk)\n" "\t-v verbose mode\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } int main (argc, argv) int argc; char *argv[]; { struct disklabel dl; char *dn; int fd, c; /* check OS bootversion */ oscheck(); /* parse options */ while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Nt:u:v")) != -1) { switch (c) { case 'N': nowrite = 1; break; case 't': trackpercyl = atoi(optarg); break; case 'u': secpertrack = atoi(optarg); break; case 'v': verbose = 1; break; default: usage(); } } argv += optind; argc -= optind; if (argc != 1) usage(); /* get disk label */ dn = alloca(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(argv[0]) + 8); if (!strchr(argv[0], '/')) { sprintf(dn, "%sr%s%c", _PATH_DEV, argv[0], RAW_PART + 'a'); fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT) { sprintf(dn, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]); fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); } } else { sprintf(dn, "%s", argv[0]); fd = open(dn, O_RDONLY); } if (fd < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dn); if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: DIOCGDINFO", dn); if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dn); switch (dl.d_type) { case DTYPE_FLOPPY: install_fd(dn, &dl); break; case DTYPE_ST506: case DTYPE_ESDI: install_wd(dn, &dl); setNVpref(); break; case DTYPE_SCSI: install_sd(dn, &dl); setNVpref(); break; default: errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s: Device type not supported.", dn, dktypenames[dl.d_type]); } return(EXIT_SUCCESS); } static void oscheck () { struct nlist kbv[] = { { "_bootversion" }, { NULL } }; kvm_t *kd_kern; char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; u_short kvers; kd_kern = kvm_openfiles(NULL, NULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf); if (kd_kern == NULL) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf); if (kvm_nlist(kd_kern, kbv) == -1) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd_kern)); if (kbv[0].n_value == 0) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s not in namelist", kbv[0].n_name); if (kvm_read(kd_kern, kbv[0].n_value, (char *)&kvers, sizeof(kvers)) == -1) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "kvm_read: %s", kvm_geterr(kd_kern)); kvm_close(kd_kern); if (kvers != BOOTVERSION) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Kern bootversion: %d, expected: %d\n", kvers, BOOTVERSION); } static void install_fd (devnm, label) char *devnm; struct disklabel *label; { char *xxboot, *bootxx; struct partition *rootpart; if (label->d_secsize != 512) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %u: Block size not supported.", devnm, label->d_secsize); if (label->d_ntracks != 2) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Single sided floppy not supported.", devnm); xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); sprintf(xxboot, "%sfdboot", mdecpath); bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); sprintf(bootxx, "%sbootxx", mdecpath); /* first used partition (a, b or c) */ /* XXX */ for (rootpart = label->d_partitions; ; ++rootpart) { if (rootpart->p_size) break; } if (rootpart != label->d_partitions) { /* XXX */ *(label->d_partitions) = *rootpart; memset(rootpart, 0, sizeof(*rootpart)); } label->d_partitions->p_fstype = FS_BSDFFS; /* XXX */ label->d_npartitions = 1; label->d_checksum = 0; label->d_checksum = dkcksum(label); trackpercyl = secpertrack = 0; mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, 0); if (!nowrite) { int fd; if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (verbose) printf("Boot block installed on %s\n", devnm); } } static void install_sd (devnm, label) char *devnm; struct disklabel *label; { char *xxb00t, *xxboot, *bootxx; struct disklabel rawlabel; daddr_t bbsec; u_int magic; if (label->d_partitions[0].p_size == 0) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No root-filesystem.", devnm); if (label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s: Illegal root-filesystem type.", devnm, fstypenames[label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype]); bbsec = readdisklabel(devnm, &rawlabel); if (bbsec == NO_BOOT_BLOCK) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No NetBSD boot block.", devnm); if (memcmp(label, &rawlabel, sizeof(*label))) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Invalid NetBSD boot block.", devnm); if (bbsec) { xxb00t = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); sprintf(xxb00t, "%ssdb00t.ahdi", mdecpath); xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); sprintf(xxboot, "%sxxboot.ahdi", mdecpath); magic = AHDIMAGIC; } else { xxb00t = NULL; xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); sprintf(xxboot, "%ssdboot", mdecpath); magic = NBDAMAGIC; } bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); sprintf(bootxx, "%sbootxx", mdecpath); trackpercyl = secpertrack = 0; if (xxb00t) mkahdiboot(&ahdiboot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec); mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, magic); if (!nowrite) { off_t bbo = bbsec * AHDI_BSIZE; int fd; if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (lseek(fd, bbo, SEEK_SET) != bbo) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (verbose) printf("Boot block installed on %s (%u)\n", devnm, bbsec); if (xxb00t) { if (lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) != 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (write(fd, &ahdiboot, sizeof(ahdiboot)) != sizeof(ahdiboot)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (verbose) printf("AHDI root installed on %s (0)\n", devnm); } if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); } } static void install_wd (devnm, label) char *devnm; struct disklabel *label; { char *xxb00t, *xxboot, *bootxx; struct disklabel rawlabel; daddr_t bbsec; u_int magic; if (label->d_partitions[0].p_size == 0) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No root-filesystem.", devnm); if (label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s: Illegal root-filesystem type.", devnm, fstypenames[label->d_partitions[0].p_fstype]); bbsec = readdisklabel(devnm, &rawlabel); if (bbsec == NO_BOOT_BLOCK) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: No NetBSD boot block.", devnm); if (memcmp(label, &rawlabel, sizeof(*label))) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Invalid NetBSD boot block.", devnm); if (bbsec) { xxb00t = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); sprintf(xxb00t, "%swdb00t.ahdi", mdecpath); xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 14); sprintf(xxboot, "%sxxboot.ahdi", mdecpath); magic = AHDIMAGIC; } else { xxb00t = NULL; xxboot = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); sprintf(xxboot, "%swdboot", mdecpath); magic = NBDAMAGIC; } bootxx = alloca(strlen(mdecpath) + 8); sprintf(bootxx, "%sbootxx", mdecpath); if (xxb00t) mkahdiboot(&ahdiboot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec); mkbootblock(&bootarea, xxboot, bootxx, label, magic); if (!nowrite) { int fd; off_t bbo; bbo = bbsec * AHDI_BSIZE; if ((fd = open(devnm, O_WRONLY)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (lseek(fd, bbo, SEEK_SET) != bbo) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (write(fd, &bootarea, sizeof(bootarea)) != sizeof(bootarea)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (verbose) printf("Boot block installed on %s (%u)\n", devnm, bbsec); if (xxb00t) { if (lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) != 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (write(fd, &ahdiboot, sizeof(ahdiboot)) != sizeof(ahdiboot)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (verbose) printf("AHDI root installed on %s (0)\n", devnm); } if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); } } static void mkahdiboot (newroot, xxb00t, devnm, bbsec) struct ahdi_root *newroot; char *xxb00t, *devnm; daddr_t bbsec; { struct ahdi_root tmproot; struct ahdi_part *pd; int fd; /* read prototype root-sector */ if ((fd = open(xxb00t, O_RDONLY)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); if (read(fd, &tmproot, sizeof(tmproot)) != sizeof(tmproot)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb00t); /* set tracks/cylinder and sectors/track */ setIDEpar(tmproot.ar_fill, sizeof(tmproot.ar_fill)); /* read current root-sector */ if ((fd = open(devnm, O_RDONLY)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (read(fd, newroot, sizeof(*newroot)) != sizeof(*newroot)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", devnm); /* set bootflags */ for (pd = newroot->ar_parts; pd-newroot->ar_parts < AHDI_MAXRPD; ++pd) { if (pd->ap_st == bbsec) { pd->ap_flg = 0x21; /* bootable, pref = NetBSD */ goto gotit; } } errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: NetBSD boot block not on primary AHDI partition.", devnm); gotit: /* copy code from prototype and set new checksum */ memcpy(newroot->ar_fill, tmproot.ar_fill, sizeof(tmproot.ar_fill)); newroot->ar_checksum = 0; newroot->ar_checksum = 0x1234 - abcksum(newroot); if (verbose) printf("AHDI boot loader: %s\n", xxb00t); } static void mkbootblock (bb, xxb, bxx, label, magic) struct bootblock *bb; char *xxb, *bxx; u_int magic; struct disklabel *label; { int fd; memset(bb, 0, sizeof(*bb)); /* set boot block magic */ bb->bb_magic = magic; /* set disk pack label */ BBSETLABEL(bb, label); /* set second-stage boot loader */ if ((fd = open(bxx, O_RDONLY)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); if (read(fd, bb->bb_bootxx, sizeof(bb->bb_bootxx)) != sizeof(bb->bb_bootxx)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bxx); /* set first-stage bootloader */ if ((fd = open(xxb, O_RDONLY)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); if (read(fd, bb->bb_xxboot, sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)) != sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", xxb); /* set tracks/cylinder and sectors/track */ setIDEpar(bb->bb_xxboot, sizeof(bb->bb_xxboot)); /* set AHDI checksum */ *((u_int16_t *)bb->bb_xxboot + 255) = 0; *((u_int16_t *)bb->bb_xxboot + 255) = 0x1234 - abcksum(bb->bb_xxboot); if (verbose) { printf("Primary boot loader: %s\n", xxb); printf("Secondary boot loader: %s\n", bxx); } } static void setIDEpar (start, size) u_int8_t *start; size_t size; { static const u_int8_t mark[] = { 'N', 'e', 't', 'B', 'S', 'D' }; if ((u_int)trackpercyl > 255) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%d: Illegal tracks/cylinder value (1..255)", trackpercyl); if ((u_int)secpertrack > 255) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%d: Illegal sectors/track value (1..255)", secpertrack); if (trackpercyl || secpertrack) { u_int8_t *p; if (!trackpercyl) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Need tracks/cylinder too."); if (!secpertrack) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Need sectors/track too."); start += 2; size -= sizeof(mark) + 2; for (p = start + size; p >= start; --p) { if (*p != *mark) continue; if (!memcmp(p, mark, sizeof(mark))) break; } if (p < start) errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Malformatted xxboot prototype."); *--p = secpertrack; *--p = trackpercyl; if (verbose) { printf("sectors/track : %d\n", secpertrack); printf("tracks/cylinder: %d\n", trackpercyl); } } } static void setNVpref () { static const u_char bootpref = BOOTPREF_NETBSD; static const char nvrdev[] = PATH_NVRAM; if (!nowrite) { int fd; if ((fd = open(nvrdev, O_RDWR)) < 0) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); if (lseek(fd, (off_t)1, SEEK_SET) != 1) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); if (write(fd, &bootpref, (size_t)1) != 1) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); if (close(fd)) err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", nvrdev); if (verbose) printf("Boot preference set to NetBSD.\n"); } } static u_int abcksum (bs) void *bs; { u_int16_t sum = 0, *st = (u_int16_t *)bs, *end = (u_int16_t *)bs + 256; while (st < end) sum += *st++; return(sum); }