/* $NetBSD: ftp.c,v 1.15 2005/03/16 05:05:06 itojun Exp $ */ /* $KAME: ftp.c,v 1.23 2003/08/19 21:20:33 itojun Exp $ */ /* * Copyright (C) 1997 and 1998 WIDE Project. * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "faithd.h" static char rbuf[MSS]; static char sbuf[MSS]; static int passivemode = 0; static int wport4 = -1; /* listen() to active */ static int wport6 = -1; /* listen() to passive */ static int port4 = -1; /* active: inbound passive: outbound */ static int port6 = -1; /* active: outbound passive: inbound */ static struct sockaddr_storage data4; /* server data address */ static struct sockaddr_storage data6; /* client data address */ static int epsvall = 0; enum state { NONE, LPRT, EPRT, LPSV, EPSV }; static int ftp_activeconn __P((void)); static int ftp_passiveconn __P((void)); static int ftp_copy __P((int, int)); static int ftp_copyresult __P((int, int, enum state)); static int ftp_copycommand __P((int, int, enum state *)); void ftp_relay(int ctl6, int ctl4) { struct pollfd pfd[6]; int error; enum state state = NONE; struct timeval tv; syslog(LOG_INFO, "starting ftp control connection"); for (;;) { pfd[0].fd = ctl4; pfd[0].events = POLLIN; pfd[1].fd = ctl6; pfd[1].events = POLLIN; if (0 <= port4) { pfd[2].fd = port4; pfd[2].events = POLLIN; } else pfd[2].fd = -1; if (0 <= port6) { pfd[3].fd = port6; pfd[3].events = POLLIN; } else pfd[3].fd = -1; #if 0 if (0 <= wport4) { pfd[4].fd = wport4; pfd[4].events = POLLIN; } else pfd[4].fd = -1; if (0 <= wport6) { pfd[5].fd = wport4; pfd[5].events = POLLIN; } else pfd[5].fd = -1; #else pfd[4].fd = pfd[5].fd = -1; pfd[4].events = pfd[5].events = 0; #endif tv.tv_sec = FAITH_TIMEOUT; tv.tv_usec = 0; error = poll(pfd, sizeof(pfd)/sizeof(pfd[0]), tv.tv_sec * 1000); if (error == -1) { exit_failure("poll: %s", strerror(errno)); } else if (error == 0) exit_failure("connection timeout"); /* * The order of the following checks does (slightly) matter. * It is important to visit all checks (do not use "continue"), * otherwise some of the pipe may become full and we cannot * relay correctly. */ if (pfd[1].revents & POLLIN) { /* * copy control connection from the client. * command translation is necessary. */ error = ftp_copycommand(ctl6, ctl4, &state); if (error < 0) goto bad; else if (error == 0) { close(ctl4); close(ctl6); exit_success("terminating ftp control connection"); /*NOTREACHED*/ } } if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN) { /* * copy control connection from the server * translation of result code is necessary. */ error = ftp_copyresult(ctl4, ctl6, state); if (error < 0) goto bad; else if (error == 0) { close(ctl4); close(ctl6); exit_success("terminating ftp control connection"); /*NOTREACHED*/ } } if (0 <= port4 && 0 <= port6 && (pfd[2].revents & POLLIN)) { /* * copy data connection. * no special treatment necessary. */ if (pfd[2].revents & POLLIN) error = ftp_copy(port4, port6); switch (error) { case -1: goto bad; case 0: close(port4); close(port6); port4 = port6 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "terminating data connection"); break; default: break; } } if (0 <= port4 && 0 <= port6 && (pfd[3].revents & POLLIN)) { /* * copy data connection. * no special treatment necessary. */ if (pfd[3].revents & POLLIN) error = ftp_copy(port6, port4); switch (error) { case -1: goto bad; case 0: close(port4); close(port6); port4 = port6 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "terminating data connection"); break; default: break; } } #if 0 if (wport4 && (pfd[4].revents & POLLIN)) { /* * establish active data connection from the server. */ ftp_activeconn(); } if (wport4 && (pfd[5].revents & POLLIN)) { /* * establish passive data connection from the client. */ ftp_passiveconn(); } #endif } bad: exit_failure("%s", strerror(errno)); } static int ftp_activeconn() { socklen_t n; int error; struct pollfd pfd[1]; struct timeval timeout; struct sockaddr *sa; /* get active connection from server */ pfd[0].fd = wport4; pfd[0].events = POLLIN; timeout.tv_sec = 120; timeout.tv_usec = 0; n = sizeof(data4); if (poll(pfd, sizeof(pfd)/sizeof(pfd[0]), timeout.tv_sec * 1000) == 0 || (port4 = accept(wport4, (struct sockaddr *)&data4, &n)) < 0) { close(wport4); wport4 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "active mode data connection failed"); return -1; } /* ask active connection to client */ sa = (struct sockaddr *)&data6; port6 = socket(sa->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (port6 == -1) { close(port4); close(wport4); port4 = wport4 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "active mode data connection failed"); return -1; } error = connect(port6, sa, sa->sa_len); if (error < 0) { close(port6); close(port4); close(wport4); port6 = port4 = wport4 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "active mode data connection failed"); return -1; } syslog(LOG_INFO, "active mode data connection established"); return 0; } static int ftp_passiveconn() { socklen_t len; int error; struct pollfd pfd[1]; struct timeval timeout; struct sockaddr *sa; /* get passive connection from client */ pfd[0].fd = wport6; pfd[0].events = POLLIN; timeout.tv_sec = 120; timeout.tv_usec = 0; len = sizeof(data6); if (poll(pfd, sizeof(pfd)/sizeof(pfd[0]), timeout.tv_sec * 1000) == 0 || (port6 = accept(wport6, (struct sockaddr *)&data6, &len)) < 0) { close(wport6); wport6 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "passive mode data connection failed"); return -1; } /* ask passive connection to server */ sa = (struct sockaddr *)&data4; port4 = socket(sa->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (port4 == -1) { close(wport6); close(port6); wport6 = port6 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "passive mode data connection failed"); return -1; } error = connect(port4, sa, sa->sa_len); if (error < 0) { close(wport6); close(port4); close(port6); wport6 = port4 = port6 = -1; syslog(LOG_INFO, "passive mode data connection failed"); return -1; } syslog(LOG_INFO, "passive mode data connection established"); return 0; } static int ftp_copy(int src, int dst) { int error, atmark, n; /* OOB data handling */ error = ioctl(src, SIOCATMARK, &atmark); if (error != -1 && atmark == 1) { n = read(src, rbuf, 1); if (n == -1) goto bad; send(dst, rbuf, n, MSG_OOB); #if 0 n = read(src, rbuf, sizeof(rbuf)); if (n == -1) goto bad; write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; #endif } n = read(src, rbuf, sizeof(rbuf)); switch (n) { case -1: case 0: return n; default: write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } bad: exit_failure("%s", strerror(errno)); /*NOTREACHED*/ return 0; /* to make gcc happy */ } static int ftp_copyresult(int src, int dst, enum state state) { int error, atmark, n; socklen_t len; char *param; int code; char *a, *p; int i; /* OOB data handling */ error = ioctl(src, SIOCATMARK, &atmark); if (error != -1 && atmark == 1) { n = read(src, rbuf, 1); if (n == -1) goto bad; send(dst, rbuf, n, MSG_OOB); #if 0 n = read(src, rbuf, sizeof(rbuf)); if (n == -1) goto bad; write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; #endif } n = read(src, rbuf, sizeof(rbuf)); if (n <= 0) return n; rbuf[n] = '\0'; /* * parse argument */ p = rbuf; for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*p)) { /* invalid reply */ write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } p++; } if (!isspace((unsigned char)*p)) { /* invalid reply */ write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } code = atoi(rbuf); param = p; /* param points to first non-command token, if any */ while (*param && isspace((unsigned char)*param)) param++; if (!*param) param = NULL; switch (state) { case NONE: if (!passivemode && rbuf[0] == '1') { if (ftp_activeconn() < 0) { n = snprintf(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), "425 Cannot open data connetion\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(rbuf)) n = 0; } } if (n) write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; case LPRT: case EPRT: /* expecting "200 PORT command successful." */ if (code == 200) { p = strstr(rbuf, "PORT"); if (p) { p[0] = (state == LPRT) ? 'L' : 'E'; p[1] = 'P'; } } else { close(wport4); wport4 = -1; } write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; case LPSV: case EPSV: /* * expecting "227 Entering Passive Mode (x,x,x,x,x,x,x)" * (in some cases result comes without paren) */ if (code != 227) { passivefail0: close(wport6); wport6 = -1; write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } { unsigned int ho[4], po[2]; struct sockaddr_in *sin; struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6; u_short port; /* * PASV result -> LPSV/EPSV result */ p = param; while (*p && *p != '(' && !isdigit((unsigned char)*p)) /*)*/ p++; if (!*p) goto passivefail0; /*XXX*/ if (*p == '(') /*)*/ p++; n = sscanf(p, "%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u", &ho[0], &ho[1], &ho[2], &ho[3], &po[0], &po[1]); if (n != 6) goto passivefail0; /*XXX*/ /* keep PORT parameter */ memset(&data4, 0, sizeof(data4)); sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&data4; sin->sin_len = sizeof(*sin); sin->sin_family = AF_INET; sin->sin_addr.s_addr = 0; for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) { sin->sin_addr.s_addr |= htonl((ho[n] & 0xff) << ((3 - n) * 8)); } sin->sin_port = htons(((po[0] & 0xff) << 8) | (po[1] & 0xff)); /* get ready for passive data connection */ memset(&data6, 0, sizeof(data6)); sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&data6; sin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*sin6); sin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6; wport6 = socket(sin6->sin6_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (wport6 == -1) { passivefail: n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "500 could not translate from PASV\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } #ifdef IPV6_FAITH { int on = 1; error = setsockopt(wport6, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_FAITH, &on, sizeof(on)); if (error == -1) exit_failure("setsockopt(IPV6_FAITH): %s", strerror(errno)); } #endif error = bind(wport6, (struct sockaddr *)sin6, sin6->sin6_len); if (error == -1) { close(wport6); wport6 = -1; goto passivefail; } error = listen(wport6, 1); if (error == -1) { close(wport6); wport6 = -1; goto passivefail; } /* transmit LPSV or EPSV */ /* * addr from dst, port from wport6 */ len = sizeof(data6); error = getsockname(wport6, (struct sockaddr *)&data6, &len); if (error == -1) { close(wport6); wport6 = -1; goto passivefail; } sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&data6; port = sin6->sin6_port; len = sizeof(data6); error = getsockname(dst, (struct sockaddr *)&data6, &len); if (error == -1) { close(wport6); wport6 = -1; goto passivefail; } sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&data6; sin6->sin6_port = port; if (state == LPSV) { a = (char *)&sin6->sin6_addr; p = (char *)&sin6->sin6_port; n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "228 Entering Long Passive Mode (%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d)\r\n", 6, 16, UC(a[0]), UC(a[1]), UC(a[2]), UC(a[3]), UC(a[4]), UC(a[5]), UC(a[6]), UC(a[7]), UC(a[8]), UC(a[9]), UC(a[10]), UC(a[11]), UC(a[12]), UC(a[13]), UC(a[14]), UC(a[15]), 2, UC(p[0]), UC(p[1])); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(dst, sbuf, n); passivemode = 1; return n; } else { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "229 Entering Extended Passive Mode (|||%d|)\r\n", ntohs(sin6->sin6_port)); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(dst, sbuf, n); passivemode = 1; return n; } } } bad: exit_failure("%s", strerror(errno)); /*NOTREACHED*/ return 0; /* to make gcc happy */ } static int ftp_copycommand(int src, int dst, enum state *state) { int error, atmark, n; socklen_t len; unsigned int af, hal, ho[16], pal, po[2]; char *a, *p, *q; char cmd[5], *param; struct sockaddr_in *sin; struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6; enum state nstate; char ch; int i; /* OOB data handling */ error = ioctl(src, SIOCATMARK, &atmark); if (error != -1 && atmark == 1) { n = read(src, rbuf, 1); if (n == -1) goto bad; send(dst, rbuf, n, MSG_OOB); #if 0 n = read(src, rbuf, sizeof(rbuf)); if (n == -1) goto bad; write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; #endif } n = read(src, rbuf, sizeof(rbuf)); if (n <= 0) return n; rbuf[n] = '\0'; if (n < 4) { write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } /* * parse argument */ p = rbuf; q = cmd; for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { if (!isalpha((unsigned char)*p)) { /* invalid command */ write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } *q++ = islower((unsigned char)*p) ? toupper((unsigned char)*p) : *p; p++; } if (!isspace((unsigned char)*p)) { /* invalid command */ write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } *q = '\0'; param = p; /* param points to first non-command token, if any */ while (*param && isspace((unsigned char)*param)) param++; if (!*param) param = NULL; *state = NONE; if (strcmp(cmd, "LPRT") == 0 && param) { /* * LPRT -> PORT */ nstate = LPRT; close(wport4); close(wport6); close(port4); close(port6); wport4 = wport6 = port4 = port6 = -1; if (epsvall) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 %s disallowed in EPSV ALL\r\n", cmd); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } n = sscanf(param, "%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u", &af, &hal, &ho[0], &ho[1], &ho[2], &ho[3], &ho[4], &ho[5], &ho[6], &ho[7], &ho[8], &ho[9], &ho[10], &ho[11], &ho[12], &ho[13], &ho[14], &ho[15], &pal, &po[0], &po[1]); if (n != 21 || af != 6 || hal != 16|| pal != 2) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 illegal parameter to LPRT\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } /* keep LPRT parameter */ memset(&data6, 0, sizeof(data6)); sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&data6; sin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*sin6); sin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6; for (n = 0; n < 16; n++) sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[n] = ho[n]; sin6->sin6_port = htons(((po[0] & 0xff) << 8) | (po[1] & 0xff)); sendport: /* get ready for active data connection */ len = sizeof(data4); error = getsockname(dst, (struct sockaddr *)&data4, &len); if (error == -1) { lprtfail: n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "500 could not translate to PORT\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } if (((struct sockaddr *)&data4)->sa_family != AF_INET) goto lprtfail; sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&data4; sin->sin_port = 0; wport4 = socket(sin->sin_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (wport4 == -1) goto lprtfail; error = bind(wport4, (struct sockaddr *)sin, sin->sin_len); if (error == -1) { close(wport4); wport4 = -1; goto lprtfail; } error = listen(wport4, 1); if (error == -1) { close(wport4); wport4 = -1; goto lprtfail; } /* transmit PORT */ len = sizeof(data4); error = getsockname(wport4, (struct sockaddr *)&data4, &len); if (error == -1) { close(wport4); wport4 = -1; goto lprtfail; } if (((struct sockaddr *)&data4)->sa_family != AF_INET) { close(wport4); wport4 = -1; goto lprtfail; } sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&data4; a = (char *)&sin->sin_addr; p = (char *)&sin->sin_port; n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "PORT %d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d\r\n", UC(a[0]), UC(a[1]), UC(a[2]), UC(a[3]), UC(p[0]), UC(p[1])); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(dst, sbuf, n); *state = nstate; passivemode = 0; return n; } else if (strcmp(cmd, "EPRT") == 0 && param) { /* * EPRT -> PORT */ char *afp, *hostp, *portp; struct addrinfo hints, *res; nstate = EPRT; close(wport4); close(wport6); close(port4); close(port6); wport4 = wport6 = port4 = port6 = -1; if (epsvall) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 %s disallowed in EPSV ALL\r\n", cmd); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } p = param; ch = *p++; /* boundary character */ afp = p; while (*p && *p != ch) p++; if (!*p) { eprtparamfail: n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 illegal parameter to EPRT\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } *p++ = '\0'; hostp = p; while (*p && *p != ch) p++; if (!*p) goto eprtparamfail; *p++ = '\0'; portp = p; while (*p && *p != ch) p++; if (!*p) goto eprtparamfail; *p++ = '\0'; n = sscanf(afp, "%d", &af); if (n != 1 || af != 2) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 unsupported address family to EPRT\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints)); hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC; hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM; hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP; error = getaddrinfo(hostp, portp, &hints, &res); if (error) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 EPRT: %s\r\n", gai_strerror(error)); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } if (res->ai_next) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 EPRT: %s resolved to multiple addresses\r\n", hostp); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); freeaddrinfo(res); return n; } memcpy(&data6, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen); freeaddrinfo(res); goto sendport; } else if (strcmp(cmd, "LPSV") == 0 && !param) { /* * LPSV -> PASV */ nstate = LPSV; close(wport4); close(wport6); close(port4); close(port6); wport4 = wport6 = port4 = port6 = -1; if (epsvall) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "501 %s disallowed in EPSV ALL\r\n", cmd); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } /* transmit PASV */ n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "PASV\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(dst, sbuf, n); *state = LPSV; passivemode = 0; /* to be set to 1 later */ return n; } else if (strcmp(cmd, "EPSV") == 0 && !param) { /* * EPSV -> PASV */ close(wport4); close(wport6); close(port4); close(port6); wport4 = wport6 = port4 = port6 = -1; n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "PASV\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(dst, sbuf, n); *state = EPSV; passivemode = 0; /* to be set to 1 later */ return n; } else if (strcmp(cmd, "EPSV") == 0 && param && strncasecmp(param, "ALL", 3) == 0 && isspace((unsigned char)param[3])) { /* * EPSV ALL */ epsvall = 1; n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "200 EPSV ALL command successful.\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } else if (strcmp(cmd, "PORT") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "PASV") == 0) { /* * reject PORT/PASV */ n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "502 %s not implemented.\r\n", cmd); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); return n; } else if (passivemode && (strcmp(cmd, "STOR") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "STOU") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "RETR") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "LIST") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "NLST") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "APPE") == 0)) { /* * commands with data transfer. need to care about passive * mode data connection. */ if (ftp_passiveconn() < 0) { n = snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "425 Cannot open data connetion\r\n"); if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(sbuf)) n = 0; if (n) write(src, sbuf, n); } else { /* simply relay the command */ write(dst, rbuf, n); } *state = NONE; return n; } else { /* simply relay it */ *state = NONE; write(dst, rbuf, n); return n; } bad: exit_failure("%s", strerror(errno)); /*NOTREACHED*/ return 0; /* to make gcc happy */ }