$NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.221 2011/01/23 23:40:37 lukem Exp $ This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for what to do if something doesn't work. For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD using build.sh, see the BUILDING file. Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before build.sh existed. Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for working around specific problems with build.sh. See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile. Recent changes: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 20110121: Assembler files no longer use -traditional-cpp. This can break the build of individual parts of the tree. This is handled correctly by build.sh. Manual builds have to update /usr/share/mk and re-run config(1) for any kernel configurations as needed. 20101217: The tcpdump(8) program was changed to drop privileges and chroot(2) by default. It may be necessary to manually update passwd(5) and group(5) in order to make the program work with existing setups. 20101125: The latest changes to setenv(3) dissallow setting environment variables with names that contain '='. Revision 1.18 of env.c assumed that this was allowed. Installing a new libc with an old copy of /usr/bin/env causes env x=1 printenv | grep x= to break which affects the autoconf tests for dependency finding, so building gcc will end up printing: checking dependency style of gcc... none configure: error: no usable dependency style found Fix it by rebuilding and re-installing env. 20101119: Recent Xorg updates in xsrc/external/mit/ may cause various build or run-time problems. Delete your entire DESTDIR and OBJDIR if you have any build problems with xsrc, or problems with mismatched versions between xorg-server and drivers. 20100604: The update of ATF to 0.9 causes old tests written in shell to fail unless they are rebuilt. If you are building with MKUPDATE=yes, you need to clean the src/external/bsd/atf/tests/ and the src/tests/ trees by hand. 20100522: Recent Xorg updates in xsrc/external/mit/ will cause various build problems. Delete your entire DESTDIR and OBJDIR if you have any build problems with xsrc. 20100522: private section of was splitted, and now mklocale(1) include ctype_local.h, so you have to make cleandir in tools/mklocale. 20100520: The location of the xkb compiled descriptions has changed. Please remove usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/compiled from your $DESTDIR. 20100222: The shared objects file extension has been changed from .so to .pico, in order to avoid conflicts with shared libraries names libXX.so. All now stale regular .so files can be removed from your object directories. 20100204: The termcap database has been removed from the sources, but has not been marked obsolete so it is not removed from the system when upgrading. As such, you will need to remove them from your object and destination directories. 20091101: After updating, it may be necessary to make the 'cleandir' target in src/tools/yacc/ and in src/usr.bin/yacc/ before a 'build.sh -u tools' or 'build.sh -u distribution'. Ditto src/tools/lex/ and src/usr.bin/lex/. 20091001: On amd64 you must rebuild tools (to get the new binutils) before building a kernel, or the build fails on cpufunc.S. 20091001: An error will create a ./usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/compiled/xkb symlink, failing the build. Delete the link, and the subdir it is in, and retry your build. 20090718: libc build changed so that strchr() provides the extra entry point for index(). Update build of libc.a (and libc_pic.a) may fail because the archive contains the unwanted index.o. (Similarly for strrchr() and rindex().) 20090709: Native Xorg was upgraded again. Builds will probably fail again without a clean objdir, at least for src/external/mit/xorg. 20090616: Native Xorg was upgraded. Builds will need a clean objdir for src/external/mit/xorg. Upgrading a system from sets will not work properly yet as the /usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/pc subdirectory has been changed into a file, and this needs to be manually "rm -r"'ed before installing xbase.tgz. 20090501: Several new functions were added to string.h/libc, and this can cause autoconf problems during the tool build for people who fail to clean out their tools objects properly. If you note messages about stpcpy, stpncpy or strnlen accompanying a failure during the tool build, clean out all your tools objects and start again. 20090325: The i386 port was switched to i486 default toolchain. This requires cleaning your src/tools directory and $TOOLDIR and rebuilding them. 20090126: The __posix_fadvise50 system call changed assembly stub type. You need to 'rm -f __posix_fadvise50.*' in the libc build directory to avoid using the old assembly stub. 20090202: pkg_install now depends on the pkgdb cache for automatic conflict detection. It is recommented to rebuild the cache with ``pkg_admin rebuild''. 20090110: time_t and dev_t have been bumped to 64 bit quantities. To upgrade: 1. Make sure your kernel has COMPAT_50 in it. Build and install. This is needed even in the MODULAR kernel because there is conditionally compiled code in rtsock.c. 2. make sure build.sh completes and the binaries in a chroot work before installing. 3. If you don't use build.sh and you build directly to root, and your build breaks in the middle, don't despair. Make sure headers are installed properly, and start building libraries first libc and libutil, install them and then continue building all the libraries in src/lib and src/gnu/lib and install them. Once the new libraries are installed, you can restart the build. 4. If you compile packages and you notice link time warnings, rebuild the required packages to update their shared libraries. Any package you rebuild will require rebuilding all the packages that depend on it. 5. Next time you run pwd_mkdb with the new binary, the file will be upgraded and it will not be backwards compatible. 6. The utmpx/wtmpx files (/var/run/utmpx and /var/log/wtmpx, see lastlogx(5)) have been versioned, and there is a heuristic for utmp. You are better off removing the old files after upgrading. The automated clearing of /var/run during boot, and the automated rotating of files in /var/log by newsyslog(8), may mean that you do not have to remove the files manually. 7. The optional accounting file (/var/account/acct, see accton(8)) has not been versioned, and will need to be removed. The automatic rotation of the accounting file by /etc/daily limits the bad consequences of failure to remove the file. 8. Application software that writes time_t to binary files on disk will break or need attention. Most notably: if you are using PostgreSQL < 8.4, you need to dump your databases, rebuild PostgreSQL with the new time_t, then restore. 20081219: config(1) has been updated, and one of the files it creates - swapnetbsd.o - has changed format. You need to rebuild config (done automatically by build.sh) and then you need to rerun config on all kernel configuration files before rebuilding those kernels. 20081205: If you build with MKX11=no, you should remove /etc/rc.d/xdm and /etc/rc.d/xfs from DESTDIR because those files were moved to the xetc set and will appear as extra files for MKX11=no update builds. 20081122: On i386, various kernel options(4) in GENERIC including file systems have been disabled and moved into kernel modules. Before trying a new GENERIC kernel, you have to prepare the following files as well as a new GENERIC kernel: - build and install kernel modules from src/sys/modules - install the latest bootloader, which will load a module for the file system from which the kernel is loaded automatically If you have to load your kernel from a file system which is not of the same type as the root file system, you have to load the necessary file system module manually on the boot prompt or in the boot.cfg file. 20080827: If you built and installed a libc from sources between 2008/08/20 and 2008/08/26 you got a broken strtouq(3) which results in false errors reported by lint(1). Since this breaks the libc build itself, manual help is needed -- lint must be disabled temporarily, e.g.: $ (cd lib/libc && make MKLINT=no dependall install) 20080813: MKDEBUG build was broken because the .depend files did not know about .go files. You need to remove all .depend files and rebuild. 20080802: A regression in binary compatibility for pthread_mutex_t has been fixed. Unfortunately, the price is breaking compatibility for -current. Threaded programs (using libpthread) and C++ programs (using libstdc++) compiled after 20070907 and before 20080802 need to be recompiled. One way to find affected pkgsrc packages: $ grep REQUIRES=/usr/lib/libpthread /var/db/pkg/*/+BUILD_INFO $ grep REQUIRES=/usr/lib/libstdc++ /var/db/pkg/*/+BUILD_INFO 20080731: WAPBL (metadata journaling support) has been added, but at this time isn't backwards compatible with pre-WAPBL aware kernels and userland (fsck_ffs in particular). Please make sure you don't use a journaled filesystem with an older kernel/userland, especially an uncleanly mounted journaled filesystem. WAPBL also requires the super block to be in the UFS2 format. You can use fsck_ffs -c 4 to update the superblock format. 20080721: Assembler warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0 and $NOGCCERROR isn't defined. 20080531: The ioctl number of DRVSUSPENDDEV command on /dev/drvctl changed from 125 (conflicted with DRVCTLCOMMAND) to 129. The drvctl(8) utility needs to be rebuilt and reinstalled as older binaries won't work correctly. The following sequence of commands: $ (cd sys/sys/ && nbmake-$arch includes) $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch clean) $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch all) leaves new drvctl utility in sbin/drvctl build directory. 20080503: The variable MKPRIVATELIB was renamed to LIBISPRIVATE. 20080521: For a while, unprivileged UPDATE builds would fail to succeed at the checkflist stage, complaining that ${DESTDIR}/stand// did not exist. A fix for this problem was committed to share/mk/bsd.kmodule.mk, revision 1.9. If you already hit this problem, update the .mk file, remove ${DESTDIR}/stand/, and re-run the build. 20080303: Linker warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0. 20080126: The posix_fadvise system call has been changed from an assembly stub, to a c file that calls an assembly stub. You need to 'rm -f posix_fadvise.* .depend' in the libc build directory to avoid using the old assembly stub. 20071209: The acpiec(4) driver has been split into two attachments. If you get ACPI errors before the attachment, please update your kernel configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details. 20071115: The it(4) driver has been renamed to itesio(4) and the old port argument specified in the kernel configuration file is not valid anymore. The itesio(4) driver now uses the Super I/O address port rather than the EC address port. Please update your kernel configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details. 20071028: The pccons(4) driver has been removed from the NetBSD/shark port. You need to update any custom kernel configuration file you have to remove any references to pccons (which includes removing the now useless XSERVER option) and replace them with the correct entries for the wscons driver. See the GENERIC configuration file for more details. 20070913: A latent bug in dhclient/dhcpd that caused it to be unable to enumerate interfaces was fixed. The bug began to cause problems after 20070911 when the kernel's SIOCGIFCONF implementation was repaired. From 20070529 to 20070911 racoon could not enumerate interfaces. (These are noted because normal kernel/userspace version matching hygiene is not sufficient to avoid this problem.) Ensure that both kernel and userland are from after 20070913. 20070703: nbinstall has been renamed ${MACHINE_GNU_ARCH}-install. It calls the target-specific strip program, and the logic to pass down STRIP from make has been removed. This requires a re-installation of tools. 20070422: The way OS emulations lookup filenames inside the emulation root has been changed. Rather than modify the pathname (and copy back to userspace) namei() and lookup() directly check the emulation root. One side effect is that absolute symlinks inside the emulated root file system will be relative to that file system - unless they start /../ this is useful when the emulated root is a real install that has such links. This might affect symlinks that have been added to reference outside the emulated root. 20070412: The pckbc driver on sgimips IP32 has been removed. Use macekbc instead. See the GENERIC32_IP3x kernel configuration for an example. 20070319: src/lib/libc/Makefile revision 1.129 broke libc and ld.elf_so on many platforms due to incorrect flags settings. If you updated and built after about 20070315, do "nbmake-$arch cleandir" in src/lib/libc and src/libexec/ld.elf_so to force a rebuild of object files that might have been built incorrectly, and ensure that you have at least src/lib/libc/Makefile 1.130. 20070210: src/sys/sys/{sa.h,savar.h} were removed. find ${OBJDIR} \( -name .depend -o -name '*.d' \) -print \ | xargs egrep -l '/sa.h|/savar.h' | xargs rm will allow dependencies on those files to get get rebuilt 20070209: The threading model was changed when the newlock2 branch was merged to NetBSD-current. If you boot with a new kernel (version 4.99.10), then you also need a new pthread library (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.7). If you boot with an old kernel, then you need the old pthread library (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.6). Provided you keep the kernel and the pthread library in sync, old threaded applications should continue to work with an old or new kernel. Note that named(8) is the only threaded application in the base system. 20061214: Following the move of string_to_flags() and flags_to_string() from the bin/ls/ sources to libutil, users doing UPDATE builds will need to do a "make cleandir" in tools/mtree/, tools/makefs/, tools/binstall/, tools/pax/, bin/pax/, bin/ls/, usr.sbin/mtree/, usr.sbin/makefs/, usr.bin/xinstall/, libexec/ftpd/, rescue/, as well as the installation images in distrib/ in order to excise stale references to the old stat_flags.h header file in the ls sources -- stat_flags.h has been removed. 20061108: The configure script used in the src/tools/gcc compiler has been changed to indicate that our libc has ssp support built-in and does not depend on -lssp and -lssp-nonshared. You'll need to make clean in src/tools/gcc first to rebuild the compiler. 20061009: The sysctl variables net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.newreno are no longer available. Use net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.congctl.selected instead. 20060814: The vt, vidcconsole, kbd, and rpckbd drivers on acorn32 have been withdrawn. Use vidcvideo and pckbd instead. See the GENERIC kernel configuration for an example. X servers from the last few years should cope. 20060703: MPACPI is no more. We always configure PCI interrupts using ACPI if we have an ACPI kernel. The option MPACPI_SCANPCI has been renamed to ACPI_SCANPCI. Thanks to work from fvdl. 20060627: socket(2) has changed, and its system call has been versioned. For userlands with the old version of socket(2), make sure that your kernel has 'options COMPAT_30' set, or else 'bad system call' errors will result. Hints for a more successful build: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode": This will automatically build the tools in the correct order, and it will keep the tools and the new build products from interfering with the running system. This will allow you to ignore most of the other advice in this file. Build a new kernel first: This makes sure that any new system calls or features expected by the new userland will be present. This helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading. Use object directories: This helps to keep stale object files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets" about one. It also makes it easier to clean up after a build. It's also necessary if you want to use the same source tree for multiple machines. To use object directories with build.sh: a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options. To use object directories without using build.sh: a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf d) cd /usr/src ; make build Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create in obj.$MACHINE directory. Build to a DESTDIR: This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries) from interfering with the new build. To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option. To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR environment variable before running make build. It should be set to the pathname of an initially empty directory. Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR. (See critical utils, below.) Build often: This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to date functionality. If you use build.sh, you should not have this problem. What to do if things don't work: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ When things don't work there is usually a few things that commonly should be done. 1) make includes This should be done automatically by make build. 2) cd share/mk && make install Again, automatically done by make build. Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do something like the following: 1) Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date. 2) Make sure any program used to build the particular utility is up to date. (yacc, lex, etc...) 3) cd ...path/to/util... make cleandir rm ...all obj directories... make cleandir # yes, again make obj make depend && make Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and ready for a build try the following. Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf (a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf. ---cut here--- #!/bin/sh . /etc/mk.conf if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src fi if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then echo Unable to find sources exit 1 fi find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \; if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj fi if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR fi cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir ---cut here--- Critical utilities: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ usr.bin/compile_et usr.bin/make usr.bin/yacc usr.bin/lex usr.bin/xlint usr.bin/config Other problems and possible solutions: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile. Fix: Rebuild usr.bin/make: cd usr.bin/make && make && make install Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work: cd usr.bin/make && cc *.c */*.c -I . -o make && mv make /usr/bin Fix: Make sure .mk files are up to date. cd share/mk && make install Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC. Fix: Rebuild usr.bin/config Symptom: Fix: Rebuild usr.bin/yacc Symptom: Fix: Rebuild usr.bin/lex Symptom: Fix: rm /usr/lib/libbfd.a Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation Fix: Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question. make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj (If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files may remain. The command tries to clean everything up) Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type Fix: Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype Fix: Build and install usr.bin/mklocale Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13' Fix: Rebuild and install lib/libc Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build. Fix: Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile. Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname' Fix: Rebuild and install lib/libc Symptom:lint does not understand the '-X' option Fix: May need to build & install libs with NOLINT=1 before rebuilding lint