/* $NetBSD: atactl.c,v 1.22 2003/10/21 02:30:03 fvdl Exp $ */ /*- * Copyright (c) 1998 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. * All rights reserved. * * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation * by Ken Hornstein. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the NetBSD * Foundation, Inc. and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ /* * atactl(8) - a program to control ATA devices. */ #include #ifndef lint __RCSID("$NetBSD: atactl.c,v 1.22 2003/10/21 02:30:03 fvdl Exp $"); #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include struct command { const char *cmd_name; const char *arg_names; void (*cmd_func)(int, char *[]); }; struct bitinfo { u_int bitmask; const char *string; }; int main(int, char *[]); void usage(void); void ata_command(struct atareq *); void print_bitinfo(const char *, const char *, u_int, struct bitinfo *); void print_smart_status(void *vbuf, void *tbuf); int is_smart(void); int fd; /* file descriptor for device */ const char *dvname; /* device name */ char dvname_store[MAXPATHLEN]; /* for opendisk(3) */ const char *cmdname; /* command user issued */ const char *argnames; /* helpstring: expected arguments */ void device_identify(int, char *[]); void device_setidle(int, char *[]); void device_idle(int, char *[]); void device_checkpower(int, char *[]); void device_smart(int, char *[]); struct command commands[] = { { "identify", "", device_identify }, { "setidle", "idle-timer", device_setidle }, { "setstandby", "standby-timer", device_setidle }, { "idle", "", device_idle }, { "standby", "", device_idle }, { "sleep", "", device_idle }, { "checkpower", "", device_checkpower }, { "smart", "enable|disable|status", device_smart }, { NULL, NULL, NULL }, }; /* * Tables containing bitmasks used for error reporting and * device identification. */ struct bitinfo ata_caps[] = { { ATA_CAP_STBY, "ATA standby timer values" }, { WDC_CAP_IORDY, "IORDY operation" }, { WDC_CAP_IORDY_DSBL, "IORDY disabling" }, { 0, NULL }, }; struct bitinfo ata_vers[] = { { WDC_VER_ATA1, "ATA-1" }, { WDC_VER_ATA2, "ATA-2" }, { WDC_VER_ATA3, "ATA-3" }, { WDC_VER_ATA4, "ATA-4" }, { 0, NULL }, }; struct bitinfo ata_cmd_set1[] = { { WDC_CMD1_NOP, "NOP command" }, { WDC_CMD1_RB, "READ BUFFER command" }, { WDC_CMD1_WB, "WRITE BUFFER command" }, { WDC_CMD1_HPA, "Host Protected Area feature set" }, { WDC_CMD1_DVRST, "DEVICE RESET command" }, { WDC_CMD1_SRV, "SERVICE interrupt" }, { WDC_CMD1_RLSE, "release interrupt" }, { WDC_CMD1_AHEAD, "look-ahead" }, { WDC_CMD1_CACHE, "write cache" }, { WDC_CMD1_PKT, "PACKET command feature set" }, { WDC_CMD1_PM, "Power Management feature set" }, { WDC_CMD1_REMOV, "Removable Media feature set" }, { WDC_CMD1_SEC, "Security Mode feature set" }, { WDC_CMD1_SMART, "SMART feature set" }, { 0, NULL }, }; struct bitinfo ata_cmd_set2[] = { { WDC_CMD2_RMSN, "Removable Media Status Notification feature set" }, { ATA_CMD2_APM, "Advanced Power Management feature set" }, { ATA_CMD2_CFA, "CFA feature set" }, { ATA_CMD2_RWQ, "READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED commands" }, { WDC_CMD2_DM, "DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command" }, { 0, NULL }, }; static const struct { const int id; const char *name; } smart_attrs[] = { { 1, "Raw read error rate" }, { 2, "Throughput performance" }, { 3, "Spin-up time" }, { 4, "Start/stop count" }, { 5, "Reallocated sector count" }, { 7, "Seek error rate" }, { 8, "Seek time performance" }, { 9, "Power-on hours count" }, { 10, "Spin retry count" }, { 11, "Calibration retry count" }, { 12, "Device power cycle count" }, { 191, "Gsense error rate" }, { 192, "Power-off retract count" }, { 193, "Load cycle count" }, { 194, "Temperature" }, { 196, "Reallocated event count" }, { 197, "Current pending sector" }, { 198, "Offline uncorrectable" }, { 199, "Ultra DMA CRC error count" }, { 0, "" }, }; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i; /* Must have at least: device command */ if (argc < 3) usage(); /* Skip program name, get and skip device name and command. */ dvname = argv[1]; cmdname = argv[2]; argv += 3; argc -= 3; /* * Open the device */ fd = opendisk(dvname, O_RDWR, dvname_store, sizeof(dvname_store), 0); if (fd == -1) { if (errno == ENOENT) { /* * Device doesn't exist. Probably trying to open * a device which doesn't use disk semantics for * device name. Try again, specifying "cooked", * which leaves off the "r" in front of the device's * name. */ fd = opendisk(dvname, O_RDWR, dvname_store, sizeof(dvname_store), 1); if (fd == -1) err(1, "%s", dvname); } else err(1, "%s", dvname); } /* * Point the dvname at the actual device name that opendisk() opened. */ dvname = dvname_store; /* Look up and call the command. */ for (i = 0; commands[i].cmd_name != NULL; i++) if (strcmp(cmdname, commands[i].cmd_name) == 0) break; if (commands[i].cmd_name == NULL) errx(1, "unknown command: %s", cmdname); argnames = commands[i].arg_names; (*commands[i].cmd_func)(argc, argv); exit(0); } void usage(void) { int i; fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s device command [arg [...]]\n", getprogname()); fprintf(stderr, " Available device commands:\n"); for (i=0; commands[i].cmd_name != NULL; i++) fprintf(stderr, "\t%s %s\n", commands[i].cmd_name, commands[i].arg_names); exit(1); } /* * Wrapper that calls ATAIOCCOMMAND and checks for errors */ void ata_command(struct atareq *req) { int error; error = ioctl(fd, ATAIOCCOMMAND, req); if (error == -1) err(1, "ATAIOCCOMMAND failed"); switch (req->retsts) { case ATACMD_OK: return; case ATACMD_TIMEOUT: fprintf(stderr, "ATA command timed out\n"); exit(1); case ATACMD_DF: fprintf(stderr, "ATA device returned a Device Fault\n"); exit(1); case ATACMD_ERROR: if (req->error & WDCE_ABRT) fprintf(stderr, "ATA device returned Aborted " "Command\n"); else fprintf(stderr, "ATA device returned error register " "%0x\n", req->error); exit(1); default: fprintf(stderr, "ATAIOCCOMMAND returned unknown result code " "%d\n", req->retsts); exit(1); } } /* * Print out strings associated with particular bitmasks */ void print_bitinfo(const char *bf, const char *af, u_int bits, struct bitinfo *binfo) { for (; binfo->bitmask != 0; binfo++) if (bits & binfo->bitmask) printf("%s%s%s", bf, binfo->string, af); } /* * Print out SMART attribute thresholds and values */ void print_smart_status(void *vbuf, void *tbuf) { struct ata_smart_attributes *value_buf = vbuf; struct ata_smart_thresholds *threshold_buf = tbuf; int values[256]; int thresholds[256]; int flags[256]; int i, j; int id; int8_t checksum; for (i = checksum = 0; i < 511; i++) checksum += ((int8_t *) value_buf)[i]; checksum *= -1; if (checksum != value_buf->checksum) { fprintf(stderr, "SMART attribute values checksum error\n"); return; } for (i = checksum = 0; i < 511; i++) checksum += ((int8_t *) threshold_buf)[i]; checksum *= -1; if (checksum != threshold_buf->checksum) { fprintf(stderr, "SMART attribute thresholds checksum error\n"); return; } memset(values, 0, sizeof(values)); memset(thresholds, 0, sizeof(thresholds)); memset(flags, 0, sizeof(flags)); for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) { id = value_buf->attributes[i].id; values[id] = value_buf->attributes[i].value; flags[id] = value_buf->attributes[i].flags; id = threshold_buf->thresholds[i].id; thresholds[id] = threshold_buf->thresholds[i].value; } printf("id\tvalue\tthresh\tcrit\tcollect\treliability description\n"); for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) { if (values[i] != 00 && values[i] != 0xFE && values[i] != 0xFF) { for (j = 0; smart_attrs[j].id != i && smart_attrs[j].id != 0; j++); printf("%3d\t%3d\t%3d\t%s\t%sline\t%stive %s\n", i, values[i], thresholds[i], flags[i] & WDSM_ATTR_ADVISORY ? "yes" : "no", flags[i] & WDSM_ATTR_COLLECTIVE ? "on" : "off", values[i] > thresholds[i] ? "posi" : "nega", smart_attrs[j].name); } } } /* * is_smart: * * Detect whether device supports SMART and SMART is enabled. */ int is_smart(void) { int retval = 0; struct atareq req; unsigned char inbuf[DEV_BSIZE]; struct ataparams *inqbuf; char *status; memset(&inbuf, 0, sizeof(inbuf)); memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); inqbuf = (struct ataparams *) inbuf; req.flags = ATACMD_READ; req.command = WDCC_IDENTIFY; req.databuf = (caddr_t) inbuf; req.datalen = sizeof(inbuf); req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); if (inqbuf->atap_cmd_def != 0 && inqbuf->atap_cmd_def != 0xffff) { if (!(inqbuf->atap_cmd_set1 & WDC_CMD1_SMART)) { fprintf(stderr, "SMART unsupported\n"); } else { if (inqbuf->atap_ata_major <= WDC_VER_ATA5 || inqbuf->atap_cmd_set2 == 0xffff || inqbuf->atap_cmd_set2 == 0x0000) { status = "status unknown"; retval = 2; } else { if (inqbuf->atap_cmd1_en & WDC_CMD1_SMART) { status = "enabled"; retval = 1; } else { status = "disabled"; } } printf("SMART supported, SMART %s\n", status); } } return retval; } /* * DEVICE COMMANDS */ /* * device_identify: * * Display the identity of the device */ void device_identify(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct ataparams *inqbuf; struct atareq req; unsigned char inbuf[DEV_BSIZE]; #if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN int i; u_int16_t *p; #endif /* No arguments. */ if (argc != 0) usage(); memset(&inbuf, 0, sizeof(inbuf)); memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); inqbuf = (struct ataparams *) inbuf; req.flags = ATACMD_READ; req.command = WDCC_IDENTIFY; req.databuf = (caddr_t) inbuf; req.datalen = sizeof(inbuf); req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); #if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN /* * On little endian machines, we need to shuffle the string * byte order. However, we don't have to do this for NEC or * Mitsumi ATAPI devices */ if (!((inqbuf->atap_config & WDC_CFG_ATAPI_MASK) == WDC_CFG_ATAPI && ((inqbuf->atap_model[0] == 'N' && inqbuf->atap_model[1] == 'E') || (inqbuf->atap_model[0] == 'F' && inqbuf->atap_model[1] == 'X')))) { for (i = 0 ; i < sizeof(inqbuf->atap_model); i += 2) { p = (u_short *) (inqbuf->atap_model + i); *p = ntohs(*p); } for (i = 0 ; i < sizeof(inqbuf->atap_serial); i += 2) { p = (u_short *) (inqbuf->atap_serial + i); *p = ntohs(*p); } for (i = 0 ; i < sizeof(inqbuf->atap_revision); i += 2) { p = (u_short *) (inqbuf->atap_revision + i); *p = ntohs(*p); } } #endif /* * Strip blanks off of the info strings. Yuck, I wish this was * cleaner. */ if (inqbuf->atap_model[sizeof(inqbuf->atap_model) - 1] == ' ') { inqbuf->atap_model[sizeof(inqbuf->atap_model) - 1] = '\0'; while (inqbuf->atap_model[strlen(inqbuf->atap_model) - 1] == ' ') inqbuf->atap_model[strlen(inqbuf->atap_model) - 1] = '\0'; } if (inqbuf->atap_revision[sizeof(inqbuf->atap_revision) - 1] == ' ') { inqbuf->atap_revision[sizeof(inqbuf->atap_revision) - 1] = '\0'; while (inqbuf->atap_revision[strlen(inqbuf->atap_revision) - 1] == ' ') inqbuf->atap_revision[strlen(inqbuf->atap_revision) - 1] = '\0'; } if (inqbuf->atap_serial[sizeof(inqbuf->atap_serial) - 1] == ' ') { inqbuf->atap_serial[sizeof(inqbuf->atap_serial) - 1] = '\0'; while (inqbuf->atap_serial[strlen(inqbuf->atap_serial) - 1] == ' ') inqbuf->atap_serial[strlen(inqbuf->atap_serial) - 1] = '\0'; } printf("Model: %.*s, Rev: %.*s, Serial #: %.*s\n", (int) sizeof(inqbuf->atap_model), inqbuf->atap_model, (int) sizeof(inqbuf->atap_revision), inqbuf->atap_revision, (int) sizeof(inqbuf->atap_serial), inqbuf->atap_serial); printf("Device type: %s, %s\n", inqbuf->atap_config & WDC_CFG_ATAPI ? "ATAPI" : "ATA", inqbuf->atap_config & ATA_CFG_FIXED ? "fixed" : "removable"); if ((inqbuf->atap_config & WDC_CFG_ATAPI_MASK) == 0) printf("Cylinders: %d, heads: %d, sec/track: %d, total " "sectors: %d\n", inqbuf->atap_cylinders, inqbuf->atap_heads, inqbuf->atap_sectors, (inqbuf->atap_capacity[1] << 16) | inqbuf->atap_capacity[0]); if (inqbuf->atap_queuedepth & WDC_QUEUE_DEPTH_MASK) printf("Device supports command queue depth of %d\n", inqbuf->atap_queuedepth & 0xf); printf("Device capabilities:\n"); print_bitinfo("\t", "\n", inqbuf->atap_capabilities1, ata_caps); if (inqbuf->atap_ata_major != 0 && inqbuf->atap_ata_major != 0xffff) { printf("Device supports following standards:\n"); print_bitinfo("", " ", inqbuf->atap_ata_major, ata_vers); printf("\n"); } if (inqbuf->atap_cmd_set1 != 0 && inqbuf->atap_cmd_set1 != 0xffff && inqbuf->atap_cmd_set2 != 0 && inqbuf->atap_cmd_set2 != 0xffff) { printf("Command set support:\n"); print_bitinfo("\t", "\n", inqbuf->atap_cmd_set1, ata_cmd_set1); print_bitinfo("\t", "\n", inqbuf->atap_cmd_set2, ata_cmd_set2); } if (inqbuf->atap_cmd_def != 0 && inqbuf->atap_cmd_def != 0xffff) { printf("Command sets/features enabled:\n"); print_bitinfo("\t", "\n", inqbuf->atap_cmd1_en & (WDC_CMD1_SRV | WDC_CMD1_RLSE | WDC_CMD1_AHEAD | WDC_CMD1_CACHE | WDC_CMD1_SEC | WDC_CMD1_SMART), ata_cmd_set1); print_bitinfo("\t", "\n", inqbuf->atap_cmd2_en & (WDC_CMD2_RMSN | ATA_CMD2_APM), ata_cmd_set2); } return; } /* * device idle: * * issue the IDLE IMMEDIATE command to the drive */ void device_idle(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct atareq req; /* No arguments. */ if (argc != 0) usage(); memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); if (strcmp(cmdname, "idle") == 0) req.command = WDCC_IDLE_IMMED; else if (strcmp(cmdname, "standby") == 0) req.command = WDCC_STANDBY_IMMED; else req.command = WDCC_SLEEP; req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); return; } /* * Set the idle timer on the disk. Set it for either idle mode or * standby mode, depending on how we were invoked. */ void device_setidle(int argc, char *argv[]) { unsigned long idle; struct atareq req; char *end; /* Only one argument */ if (argc != 1) usage(); idle = strtoul(argv[0], &end, 0); if (*end != '\0') { fprintf(stderr, "Invalid idle time: \"%s\"\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } if (idle > 19800) { fprintf(stderr, "Idle time has a maximum value of 5.5 " "hours\n"); exit(1); } if (idle != 0 && idle < 5) { fprintf(stderr, "Idle timer must be at least 5 seconds\n"); exit(1); } memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); if (idle <= 240*5) req.sec_count = idle / 5; else req.sec_count = idle / (30*60) + 240; req.command = cmdname[3] == 's' ? WDCC_STANDBY : WDCC_IDLE; req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); return; } /* * Query the device for the current power mode */ void device_checkpower(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct atareq req; /* No arguments. */ if (argc != 0) usage(); memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); req.command = WDCC_CHECK_PWR; req.timeout = 1000; req.flags = ATACMD_READREG; ata_command(&req); printf("Current power status: "); switch (req.sec_count) { case 0x00: printf("Standby mode\n"); break; case 0x80: printf("Idle mode\n"); break; case 0xff: printf("Active mode\n"); break; default: printf("Unknown power code (%02x)\n", req.sec_count); } return; } /* * device_smart: * * Display SMART status */ void device_smart(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct atareq req; unsigned char inbuf[DEV_BSIZE]; unsigned char inbuf2[DEV_BSIZE]; /* Only one argument */ if (argc != 1) usage(); if (strcmp(argv[0], "enable") == 0) { memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); req.features = WDSM_ENABLE_OPS; req.command = WDCC_SMART; req.cylinder = htole16(WDSMART_CYL); req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); is_smart(); } else if (strcmp(argv[0], "disable") == 0) { memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); req.features = WDSM_DISABLE_OPS; req.command = WDCC_SMART; req.cylinder = htole16(WDSMART_CYL); req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); is_smart(); } else if (strcmp(argv[0], "status") == 0) { if (is_smart()) { memset(&inbuf, 0, sizeof(inbuf)); memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); req.features = WDSM_STATUS; req.command = WDCC_SMART; req.cylinder = htole16(WDSMART_CYL); req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); if (req.cylinder != htole16(WDSMART_CYL)) { fprintf(stderr, "Threshold exceeds condition\n"); } /* WDSM_RD_DATA and WDSM_RD_THRESHOLDS are optional * features, the following ata_command()'s may error * and exit(). */ memset(&inbuf, 0, sizeof(inbuf)); memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); req.flags = ATACMD_READ; req.features = WDSM_RD_DATA; req.command = WDCC_SMART; req.databuf = (caddr_t) inbuf; req.datalen = sizeof(inbuf); req.cylinder = htole16(WDSMART_CYL); req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); memset(&inbuf2, 0, sizeof(inbuf2)); memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req)); req.flags = ATACMD_READ; req.features = WDSM_RD_THRESHOLDS; req.command = WDCC_SMART; req.databuf = (caddr_t) inbuf2; req.datalen = sizeof(inbuf2); req.cylinder = htole16(WDSMART_CYL); req.timeout = 1000; ata_command(&req); print_smart_status(inbuf, inbuf2); } else { fprintf(stderr, "SMART not supported\n"); } } else { usage(); } return; }