.\"	$NetBSD: installboot.8,v 1.7 1999/12/30 22:31:20 simonb Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1996 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
.\" by Paul Kranenburg.
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.Dd September 29, 1995
.Dt INSTALLBOOT 8 sparc
.Os 
.Sh NAME
.Nm installboot
.Nd install a bootstrap on an FFS filesystem partition
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm installboot
.Op Fl nv
.Ar boot
.Ar bootxx
.Ar device
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm installboot
prepares a FFS filesystem partition for boot-strapping from the PROM.
The sparc bootblocks are split into two parts: a small first-stage program that
is written into the superblock area in a partition
.Po
and hence is limited in size to SBSIZE - DEV_BSIZE bytes
.Pc ,
and a second-stage program that resides in the filesystem proper.
.Pp
The first-stage program is loaded into memory by the PROM. After it receiving
control, it loads the second stage program from a set of filesystem block
numbers that have been hard-coded into it by the
.Nm installboot
program.
.Pp
The second-stage boot program uses the device driver interface to
the PROM and the stand-alone filesystem code in
.Dq libsa.a
to locate and load the kernel.
The second-stage boot program and the prototype code for the
first-stage bootprogram can be found in
.Pa /usr/mdec/boot
and
.Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx
respectively. The second-stage program commonly resides in the root directory
as
.Pa /boot .
The utility
.Pa /usr/mdec/binstall
can be used to properly copy the a second-stage bootprogram to its
destination.
.Pp
Note that not all PROM versions accept the same layout of the first-stage
boot program: Sun 4 systems with the
.Dq old monitor
interface require that executable instructions be present right at the
start of the program, while
.Tn Openboot
machines expect a
.Xr a.out 5
header on the front of the boot program.
.Nm
takes care of this by constructing an artificial a.out header which has
enough of the magic numbers in it to appease
.Tn Openboot
ROMs, while simultaneously consisting of instructions
.Po
in fact, just a branch past the rest of the header
.Pc
for Sun 4
.Dq old monitor
ROMs to execute.
.Pp
There are two options with these meaning:
.Bl -tag -width flag
.It Fl n
Do not actually write anything on the disk.
.It Fl v
Verbose mode: prints internal informational messages on standard output.
.El
.Pp
The arguments are:
.Bl -tag -width bootxx
.It Ar boot
the name of the second-stage boot program in the file system
where the first-stage boot program is to be installed.
.It Ar bootxx
the name of the prototype file for the first stage boot program.
.It Ar device
the name of the raw device in which the first-stage boot program
is to be installed.  This should correspond to the block device
on which the file system containing
.Ar boot
is mounted.
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
The following command will install the first-stage bootblocks in the
root filesystem
.Pq assumed to be mounted on Dq sd0a
using the file
.Pa /boot
as the second-level boot program:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
installboot /boot /usr/mdec/bootxx /dev/rsd0a
.Ed
.Sh BUGS
.Nm
requires simultaneous access to the mounted file system and
the raw device, but that is not allowed with the kernel
.Dv securelevel
variable set to a value greater than zero
.Pq the default ,
so
.Nm installboot
only works in single-user mode
.Pq or insecure mode - see Xr init 8 .
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr disklabel 8 ,
.Xr init 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
first appeared in
.Nx 1.1