/* $NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.59 2002/08/08 13:24:13 soren Exp $ */ /* * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the University of * California, Berkeley and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #include #ifndef lint __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\n\ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"); #endif /* not lint */ #ifndef lint #if 0 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95"; #else __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.59 2002/08/08 13:24:13 soren Exp $"); #endif #endif /* not lint */ /* * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "mntopts.h" #include "dkcksum.h" #include "extern.h" struct mntopt mopts[] = { MOPT_STDOPTS, MOPT_ASYNC, MOPT_UPDATE, MOPT_NOATIME, { NULL }, }; static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *, int); static void rewritelabel(char *, int, struct disklabel *); static gid_t mfs_group(const char *); static uid_t mfs_user(const char *); static int strsuftoi(const char *, const char *, int, int); static void usage(void); int main(int, char *[]); #define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */ /* * The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes. * Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints: * MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE * sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE * DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8 */ /* * For file systems smaller than SMALL_FSSIZE we use the S_DFL_* defaults, * otherwise if less than MEDIUM_FSSIZE use M_DFL_*, otherwise use * L_DFL_*. */ #define SMALL_FSSIZE (20*1024*2) #define S_DFL_FRAGSIZE 512 #define S_DFL_BLKSIZE 4096 #define MEDIUM_FSSIZE (1000*1024*2) #define M_DFL_FRAGSIZE 1024 #define M_DFL_BLKSIZE 8192 #define L_DFL_FRAGSIZE 2048 #define L_DFL_BLKSIZE 16384 /* * Default sector size. */ #define DFL_SECSIZE 512 /* * Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual * number used depends upon how much information can be stored * on a single cylinder. The default is to use 16 cylinders * per group. */ #define DESCPG 65536 /* desired fs_cpg ("infinity") */ /* * ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate * another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in * determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks * within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 0ms. */ #define ROTDELAY 0 /* * MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are * placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect * block worth of data blocks. */ #define MAXBLKPG(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t)) /* * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated. * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this * to be far more than we will ever need. */ #define NFPI 4 /* * For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different * rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked * up with minimum rotational latency. NRPOS is the default number of * rotational positions that we distinguish. With NRPOS of 8 the resolution * of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive. Caching * and zoning pretty much defeats rotational optimization, so we now use a * default of 1. */ #define NRPOS 1 /* number distinct rotational positions */ int mfs; /* run as the memory based filesystem */ int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */ int Oflag; /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */ int fssize; /* file system size */ int ntracks; /* # tracks/cylinder */ int nsectors; /* # sectors/track */ int nphyssectors; /* # sectors/track including spares */ int secpercyl; /* sectors per cylinder */ int trackspares = -1; /* spare sectors per track */ int cylspares = -1; /* spare sectors per cylinder */ int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ int rpm; /* revolutions/minute of drive */ int interleave; /* hardware sector interleave */ int trackskew = -1; /* sector 0 skew, per track */ int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ int bsize = 0; /* block size */ int cpg = DESCPG; /* cylinders/cylinder group */ int cpgflg; /* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */ int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ int opt = DEFAULTOPT; /* optimization preference (space or time) */ int density; /* number of bytes per inode */ int maxcontig = 0; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */ int rotdelay = ROTDELAY; /* rotational delay between blocks */ int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */ int nrpos = NRPOS; /* # of distinguished rotational positions */ int avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;/* expected average file size */ int avgfpdir = AFPDIR; /* expected number of files per directory */ int bbsize = BBSIZE; /* boot block size */ int sbsize = SBSIZE; /* superblock size */ int mntflags = MNT_ASYNC; /* flags to be passed to mount */ u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */ caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */ int needswap; /* Filesystem not in native byte order */ #ifdef COMPAT char *disktype; int unlabeled; #endif char device[MAXPATHLEN]; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct partition *pp; struct disklabel *lp; struct disklabel mfsfakelabel; struct partition oldpartition; struct statfs *mp; int ch, fsi, fso, len, maxpartitions, n, Fflag, Iflag, Zflag; char *cp, *endp, *s1, *s2, *special; const char *opstring; long long llsize; int dfl_fragsize, dfl_blksize; #ifdef MFS char mountfromname[100]; pid_t pid, res; struct statfs sf; int status; #endif mode_t mfsmode; uid_t mfsuid; gid_t mfsgid; cp = NULL; fsi = fso = -1; Fflag = Iflag = Zflag = 0; if (strstr(getprogname(), "mfs")) { mfs = 1; mfsmode = 01777; /* default mode for a /tmp-type directory */ mfsuid = 0; /* user root */ mfsgid = 0; /* group wheel */ Nflag++; } maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); if (maxpartitions > 26) errx(1, "insane maxpartitions value %d", maxpartitions); opstring = mfs ? "NT:a:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:m:o:p:s:u:" : "B:FINOS:T:Za:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:x:"; while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) switch (ch) { case 'B': if (strcmp(optarg, "be") == 0) { #if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN needswap = 1; #endif } else if (strcmp(optarg, "le") == 0) { #if BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN needswap = 1; #endif } else usage(); break; case 'F': Fflag = 1; break; case 'I': Iflag = 1; break; case 'N': Nflag = 1; break; case 'O': Oflag = 1; break; case 'S': sectorsize = strsuftoi("sector size", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; #ifdef COMPAT case 'T': disktype = optarg; break; #endif case 'Z': Zflag = 1; break; case 'a': maxcontig = strsuftoi("maximum contiguous blocks", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 'b': bsize = strsuftoi("block size", optarg, MINBSIZE, MAXBSIZE); break; case 'c': cpg = strsuftoi("cylinders per group", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); cpgflg++; break; case 'd': rotdelay = strsuftoi("rotational delay", optarg, 0, INT_MAX); break; case 'e': maxbpg = strsuftoi( "blocks per file in a cylinder group", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 'f': fsize = strsuftoi("fragment size", optarg, 1, MAXBSIZE); break; case 'g': if (mfs) mfsgid = mfs_group(optarg); else { avgfilesize = strsuftoi("average file size", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); } break; case 'h': avgfpdir = strsuftoi("expected files per directory", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 'i': density = strsuftoi("bytes per inode", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 'k': trackskew = strsuftoi("track skew", optarg, 0, INT_MAX); break; case 'l': interleave = strsuftoi("interleave", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 'm': minfree = strsuftoi("free space %", optarg, 0, 99); break; case 'n': nrpos = strsuftoi("rotational layout count", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 'o': if (mfs) getmntopts(optarg, mopts, &mntflags, 0); else { if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0) opt = FS_OPTSPACE; else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0) opt = FS_OPTTIME; else errx(1, "%s %s", "unknown optimization preference: ", "use `space' or `time'."); } break; case 'p': if (mfs) { if ((mfsmode = strtol(optarg, NULL, 8)) <= 0) errx(1, "bad mode `%s'", optarg); } else { trackspares = strsuftoi( "spare sectors per track", optarg, 0, INT_MAX); } break; case 'r': rpm = strsuftoi("revolutions per minute", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 's': llsize = strtoll(optarg, &endp, 10); if (endp[0] != '\0' && endp[1] != '\0') llsize = -1; else { int ssiz; ssiz = (sectorsize ? sectorsize : DFL_SECSIZE); switch (tolower((unsigned char)endp[0])) { case 'b': llsize /= ssiz; break; case 'k': llsize *= 1024 / ssiz; break; case 'm': llsize *= 1024 * 1024 / ssiz; break; case 'g': llsize *= 1024 * 1024 * 1024 / ssiz; break; case '\0': case 's': break; default: llsize = -1; } } if (llsize > INT_MAX) errx(1, "file system size `%s' is too large.", optarg); if (llsize <= 0) errx(1, "`%s' is not a valid number for file system size.", optarg); fssize = (int)llsize; break; case 't': ntracks = strsuftoi("total tracks", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); break; case 'u': if (mfs) mfsuid = mfs_user(optarg); else { nsectors = strsuftoi("sectors per track", optarg, 1, INT_MAX); } break; case 'x': cylspares = strsuftoi("spare sectors per cylinder", optarg, 0, INT_MAX); break; case '?': default: usage(); } argc -= optind; argv += optind; if (argc != 2 && (mfs || argc != 1)) usage(); special = argv[0]; if (Fflag || mfs) { /* * it's a file system image or an MFS, so fake up a label. * XXX */ if (!sectorsize) sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE; if (Fflag && !Nflag) { /* creating image in a regular file */ if (fssize == 0) errx(1, "need to specify size when using -F"); fso = open(special, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0777); if (fso == -1) err(1, "can't open file %s", special); if ((fsi = dup(fso)) == -1) err(1, "can't dup(2) image fd"); /* XXXLUKEM: only ftruncate() regular files ? */ if (ftruncate(fso, (off_t)fssize * sectorsize) == -1) err(1, "can't resize %s to %d", special, fssize); if (Zflag) { /* pre-zero the file */ char *buf; int bufsize, i; off_t bufrem; struct statfs sfs; if (fstatfs(fso, &sfs) == -1) { warn("can't fstatfs `%s'", special); bufsize = 8192; } else bufsize = sfs.f_iosize; if ((buf = calloc(1, bufsize)) == NULL) err(1, "can't malloc buffer of %d", bufsize); bufrem = fssize * sectorsize; printf( "Creating file system image in `%s', size %lld bytes, in %d byte chunks.\n", special, (long long)bufrem, bufsize); while (bufrem > 0) { i = write(fso, buf, MIN(bufsize, bufrem)); if (i == -1) err(1, "writing image"); bufrem -= i; } } } memset(&mfsfakelabel, 0, sizeof(mfsfakelabel)); mfsfakelabel.d_secsize = sectorsize; mfsfakelabel.d_nsectors = 64; /* these 3 add up to 16MB */ mfsfakelabel.d_ntracks = 16; mfsfakelabel.d_ncylinders = 16; mfsfakelabel.d_secpercyl = mfsfakelabel.d_nsectors * mfsfakelabel.d_ntracks; mfsfakelabel.d_secperunit = mfsfakelabel.d_ncylinders * mfsfakelabel.d_secpercyl; mfsfakelabel.d_rpm = 10000; mfsfakelabel.d_interleave = 1; mfsfakelabel.d_npartitions = 1; mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_size = mfsfakelabel.d_secperunit; mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_fsize = 1024; mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_frag = 8; mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_cpg = 16; lp = &mfsfakelabel; pp = &mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0]; } else { /* !Fflag && !mfs */ fsi = opendisk(special, O_RDONLY, device, sizeof(device), 0); special = device; if (fsi < 0) err(1, "%s: open for read", special); if (Nflag) { fso = -1; } else { fso = open(special, O_WRONLY); if (fso < 0) err(1, "%s: open for write", special); /* Bail if target special is mounted */ n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT); if (n == 0) err(1, "%s: getmntinfo", special); len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1; s1 = special; if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0) s1 += len; while (--n >= 0) { s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) { s2 += len - 1; *s2 = 'r'; } if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0) errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", special, mp->f_mntonname); ++mp; } } cp = strchr(argv[0], '\0') - 1; if (cp == 0 || ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > ('a' + maxpartitions - 1)) && !isdigit(*cp))) errx(1, "can't figure out file system partition"); #ifdef COMPAT if (disktype == NULL) disktype = argv[1]; #endif lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi); if (isdigit(*cp)) pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; else pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a']; if (pp->p_size == 0) errx(1, "`%c' partition is unavailable", *cp); if (!Iflag && pp->p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) errx(1, "`%c' partition type is not `4.2BSD'", *cp); } /* !Fflag && !mfs */ if (fssize == 0) fssize = pp->p_size; if (fssize > pp->p_size && !mfs && !Fflag) errx(1, "maximum file system size on the `%c' partition is %d", *cp, pp->p_size); if (rpm == 0) { rpm = lp->d_rpm; if (rpm <= 0) rpm = 3600; } if (ntracks == 0) { ntracks = lp->d_ntracks; if (ntracks <= 0) errx(1, "no default #tracks"); } if (nsectors == 0) { nsectors = lp->d_nsectors; if (nsectors <= 0) errx(1, "no default #sectors/track"); } if (sectorsize == 0) { sectorsize = lp->d_secsize; if (sectorsize <= 0) errx(1, "no default sector size"); } if (trackskew == -1) { trackskew = lp->d_trackskew; if (trackskew < 0) trackskew = 0; } if (interleave == 0) { interleave = lp->d_interleave; if (interleave <= 0) interleave = 1; } if (fssize < SMALL_FSSIZE) { dfl_fragsize = S_DFL_FRAGSIZE; dfl_blksize = S_DFL_BLKSIZE; } else if (fssize < MEDIUM_FSSIZE) { dfl_fragsize = M_DFL_FRAGSIZE; dfl_blksize = M_DFL_BLKSIZE; } else { dfl_fragsize = L_DFL_FRAGSIZE; dfl_blksize = L_DFL_BLKSIZE; } if (fsize == 0) { fsize = pp->p_fsize; if (fsize <= 0) fsize = MAX(dfl_fragsize, lp->d_secsize); } if (bsize == 0) { bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize; if (bsize <= 0) bsize = MIN(dfl_blksize, 8 * fsize); } /* * Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks * that may be allocated sequentially. With filesystem clustering * it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum * transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering. */ if (maxcontig == 0) maxcontig = MAX(1, MIN(MAXPHYS, MAXBSIZE) / bsize); if (density == 0) density = NFPI * fsize; if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) { warnx("%s %s %d%%", "Warning: changing optimization to space", "because minfree is less than", MINFREE); opt = FS_OPTSPACE; } if (trackspares == -1) { trackspares = lp->d_sparespertrack; if (trackspares < 0) trackspares = 0; } nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares; if (cylspares == -1) { cylspares = lp->d_sparespercyl; if (cylspares < 0) cylspares = 0; } secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares; if (secpercyl != lp->d_secpercyl) warnx("%s (%d) %s (%u)", "Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl, "disagrees with disk label", lp->d_secpercyl); if (maxbpg == 0) maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize); #ifdef notdef /* label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */ bbsize = lp->d_bbsize; sbsize = lp->d_sbsize; #endif oldpartition = *pp; mkfs(pp, special, fsi, fso, mfsmode, mfsuid, mfsgid); if (!Nflag && memcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)) && !Fflag) rewritelabel(special, fso, lp); if (!Nflag) close(fso); close(fsi); #ifdef MFS if (mfs) { struct mfs_args args; switch (pid = fork()) { case -1: perror("mfs"); exit(10); case 0: (void)snprintf(mountfromname, sizeof(mountfromname), "mfs:%d", getpid()); break; default: (void)snprintf(mountfromname, sizeof(mountfromname), "mfs:%d", pid); for (;;) { /* * spin until the mount succeeds * or the child exits */ usleep(1); /* * XXX Here is a race condition: another process * can mount a filesystem which hides our * ramdisk before we see the success. */ if (statfs(argv[1], &sf) < 0) err(88, "statfs %s", argv[1]); if (!strcmp(sf.f_mntfromname, mountfromname) && !strncmp(sf.f_mntonname, argv[1], MNAMELEN) && !strcmp(sf.f_fstypename, "mfs")) exit(0); res = waitpid(pid, &status, WNOHANG); if (res == -1) err(11, "waitpid"); if (res != pid) continue; if (WIFEXITED(status)) { if (WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0) exit(0); errx(1, "%s: mount: %s", argv[1], strerror(WEXITSTATUS(status))); } else errx(11, "abnormal termination"); } /* NOTREACHED */ } (void) setsid(); (void) close(0); (void) close(1); (void) close(2); (void) chdir("/"); args.fspec = mountfromname; args.export.ex_root = -2; if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY) args.export.ex_flags = MNT_EXRDONLY; else args.export.ex_flags = 0; args.base = membase; args.size = fssize * sectorsize; if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0) exit(errno); /* parent prints message */ } #endif exit(0); } #ifdef COMPAT const char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified"; #else const char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label"; #endif static struct disklabel * getdisklabel(char *s, volatile int fd) /* XXX why is fs volatile?! */ { static struct disklabel lab; if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) < 0) { #ifdef COMPAT if (disktype) { struct disklabel *lp; unlabeled++; lp = getdiskbyname(disktype); if (lp == NULL) errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", disktype); return (lp); } #endif warn("ioctl (GDINFO)"); errx(1, lmsg, s); } return (&lab); } static void rewritelabel(char *s, volatile int fd, struct disklabel *lp) /* XXX why is fd volatile?! */ { #ifdef COMPAT if (unlabeled) return; #endif lp->d_checksum = 0; lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp); if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) { if (errno == ESRCH) return; warn("ioctl (WDINFO)"); errx(1, "%s: can't rewrite disk label", s); } #if __vax__ if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) { int i; int cfd; daddr_t alt; char specname[64]; char blk[1024]; char *cp; /* * Make name for 'c' partition. */ strcpy(specname, s); cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1; if (!isdigit(*cp)) *cp = 'c'; cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY); if (cfd < 0) err(1, "%s: open", specname); memset(blk, 0, sizeof(blk)); *(struct disklabel *)(blk + LABELOFFSET) = *lp; alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors; for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) { off_t offset; offset = alt + i; offset *= lp->d_secsize; if (lseek(cfd, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1) err(1, "lseek to badsector area: "); if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize) warn("alternate label %d write", i/2); } close(cfd); } #endif } static gid_t mfs_group(const char *gname) { struct group *gp; if (!(gp = getgrnam(gname)) && !isdigit((unsigned char)*gname)) errx(1, "unknown gname %s", gname); return gp ? gp->gr_gid : atoi(gname); } static uid_t mfs_user(const char *uname) { struct passwd *pp; if (!(pp = getpwnam(uname)) && !isdigit((unsigned char)*uname)) errx(1, "unknown user %s", uname); return pp ? pp->pw_uid : atoi(uname); } static int strsuftoi(const char *desc, const char *arg, int min, int max) { long long result; char *ep; errno = 0; result = strtoll(arg, &ep, 10); if (ep[0] != '\0' && ep[1] != '\0') errx(1, "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg); switch (tolower((unsigned char)ep[0])) { case '\0': case 'b': break; case 'k': result <<= 10; break; case 'm': result <<= 20; break; case 'g': result <<= 30; break; default: errx(1, "`%s' is not a valid suffix for %s.", ep, desc); } if (result < min) errx(1, "%s `%s' (%lld) is less than minimum (%d).", desc, arg, result, min); if (result > max) errx(1, "%s `%s' (%lld) is greater than maximum (%d).", desc, arg, result, max); return ((int)result); } #define NEWFS 1 #define MFS_MOUNT 2 #define BOTH NEWFS | MFS_MOUNT struct help_strings { int flags; const char *str; } const help_strings[] = { { NEWFS, "-B byteorder\tbyte order (`be' or `le')" }, { NEWFS, "-F \t\tcreate file system image in regular file" }, { NEWFS, "-I \t\tdo not check that the file system type is '4.2BSD'" }, { BOTH, "-N \t\tdo not create file system, just print out " "parameters" }, { NEWFS, "-O \t\tcreate a 4.3BSD format filesystem" }, { NEWFS, "-S secsize\tsector size" }, #ifdef COMPAT { NEWFS, "-T disktype\tdisk type" }, #endif { NEWFS, "-Z \t\tpre-zero the image file (with -F)" }, { BOTH, "-a maxcontig\tmaximum contiguous blocks" }, { BOTH, "-b bsize\tblock size" }, { BOTH, "-c cpg\t\tcylinders/group" }, { BOTH, "-d rotdelay\trotational delay between contiguous " "blocks" }, { BOTH, "-e maxbpg\tmaximum blocks per file in a cylinder group" }, { BOTH, "-f fsize\tfrag size" }, { NEWFS, "-g avgfilesize\taverage file size" }, { MFS_MOUNT, "-g groupname\tgroup name of mount point" }, { BOTH, "-h avgfpdir\taverage files per directory" }, { BOTH, "-i density\tnumber of bytes per inode" }, { NEWFS, "-k trackskew\tsector 0 skew, per track" }, { NEWFS, "-l interleave\thardware sector interleave" }, { BOTH, "-m minfree\tminimum free space %%" }, { NEWFS, "-n nrpos\tnumber of distinguished rotational " "positions" }, { BOTH, "-o optim\toptimization preference (`space' or `time')" }, { NEWFS, "-p tracksparse\tspare sectors per track" }, { MFS_MOUNT, "-p perm\t\tpermissions (in octal)" }, { BOTH, "-s fssize\tfile system size (sectors)" }, { NEWFS, "-r rpm\t\trevolutions/minute" }, { NEWFS, "-t ntracks\ttracks/cylinder" }, { NEWFS, "-u nsectors\tsectors/track" }, { MFS_MOUNT, "-u username\tuser name of mount point" }, { NEWFS, "-x cylspares\tspare sectors per cylinder" }, { 0, NULL } }; static void usage(void) { int match; const struct help_strings *hs; if (mfs) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [ fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n", getprogname()); } else fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [ fsoptions ] special-device%s\n", getprogname(), #ifdef COMPAT " [device-type]"); #else ""); #endif fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); match = mfs ? MFS_MOUNT : NEWFS; for (hs = help_strings; hs->flags != 0; hs++) if (hs->flags & match) fprintf(stderr, "\t%s\n", hs->str); exit(1); }