INSTALLATION NOTES for NetBSD/_MACH _VER Be sure to read _ALL_ of this document before you try to install NetBSD/_MACH. What is NetBSD? ---- -- ------ The NetBSD Operating System is a fully functional UN*X-like system derrived from the Berkeley Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. NetBSD runs on many architectures and is being ported to more. NetBSD is a creation of the members of the Internet community. Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes possible, it's likely that this release wouldn't have come about. The current release has built upon the successful NetBSD 1.2 release by integrating many bug fixes, adding new and updated kernel subsystems, and adding various userland enhancements. The results of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for production use and ready for the next phase of development. Significant changes include: Continuing the multi-platform tradition, the integration of the DEC Alpha port has been completed, and new ports to ARM and x68k have been added. NetBSD/sparc now supports 4m machines. NetBSD/amiga now supports the DraCo. Standard C Prototypes have been added to the Kernel. Kernel NTP (Network Time Protocol) phased lock loop support has been added. See http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/ for more details. The PINT (PINT is not TWAIN) SCSI scanner driver interface has been integrated. See http://www.dol-esa.gov/~kstailey/pint for more details. A new SCSI medium changer driver and the `chio' program used to operate it has been added. The NFS subsystem now supports NFSv3. Several performance enhancements have been made to the networking subsystem. GCC, Libg++, and many other third party programs have been upgraded to more recent versions. Kernel interfaces have continued to be refined, and more subsystems and device drivers are shared among the different ports. You can look for this trend to continue. NetBSD _VER also includes some refinement to the NetBSD binary emulation system (which includes FreeBSD, HP-UX, iBCS2, Linux, OSF/1, SunOS, SVR4, Solaris and Ultrix compatibility), bringing NetBSD closer to the goal of making the emulation as accurate as possible. #include "whatis" The Future of NetBSD: --- ------ -- ------ The NetBSD Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit organization. Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange of computer software, namely the NetBSD Operating System. The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization. In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties that wish to become involved in the NetBSD Project. The NetBSD Foundation will help improve the quality of NetBSD by: * providing better organization to keep track of development efforts, including co-ordination with groups working in related fields. * providing a framework to receive donations of goods and services and to own the resources necessary to run the NetBSD Project. * providing a better position from which to undertake promotional activities. * periodically organizing workshops for developers and other interested people to discuss ongoing work. We hope to have regular releases of the full binary and source trees, but these are difficult to coordinate, especially with all of the architectures which we now support! We hope to support even _more_ hardware in the future, and have a rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve NetBSD. We intend to continue our current practice of making the NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis. We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources will provide them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the usability of the system. Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be responsive to the needs and desires of NetBSD users, because it is for and because of them that NetBSD exists. Sources of NetBSD: ------- -- ------ #include "mirrors" NetBSD _VER Release Contents: ------ --- ------- -------- The NetBSD _VER release is organized in the following way: .../NetBSD-_VER/ BUGS Known bugs list (incomplete and out of date). CHANGES Changes since NetBSD's last release (and before). LAST_MINUTE Last minute changes. MIRRORS A list of sites that mirror the NetBSD _VER distribution. README.files README describing the distribution's contents. TODO NetBSD's todo list (incomplete and out of date). patches/ Post-release source code patches. source/ Source distribution sets; see below. In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which NetBSD _VER has a binary distribution. There are also 'README.export-control' files sprinkled liberally throughout the distribution tree, which point out that there are some portions of the distribution (e.g. those containing crypt(3)) that should not be exported from the United States, and that if you do export them, it's your fault, not ours. The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the "source" subdirectory of the distribution tree. They contain the complete sources to the system. The source distribution sets are as follows: dsrc12 This set contains the "domestic" sources. These sources contain export-restricted encryption code and should not be exported from the U.S. [ 140K gzipped, 655K uncompressed ] gsrc12 This set contains the "gnu" sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets. [ 7.1M gzipped, 30.4M uncompressed ] ksrc12 This set contains the sources to the NetBSD _VER kernel, config(8), and dbsym(8). [ 6.0M gzipped, 27.0M uncompressed ] ssrc12 This set contains the "share" sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated with any particular program, the sources for the typesettable document set, the dictionaries, and more. [ 2.4M gzipped, 8.9M uncompressed ] src12 This set contains all of the NetBSD _VER sources which are not mentioned above. [ 9.3M gzipped, 41.6M uncompressed ] It is worth noting that unless all of the source distribution sets are installed (except the domestic set), you can't rebuild and install the system from scratch, straight out of the box. However, all that is required to rebuild the system in that case is a trivial modification to one Makefile. The source distribution sets are distributed as groups of files named "set_name.xx" where "set_name" is the distribution set name, and "xx" is the sequence number of the file, starting with "aa" for the first file in the distribution set, then "ab" for the next, and so on. All of these files except the last one of each set should be exactly 240,640 bytes long. (The last file is just long enough to contain the remainder of the data for that distribution set.) Catted together, the files belonging to a source distribution set comprise a gzipped tar file. If you want to look at list of the files contained in the set, you could use the command: cat set_name.?? | gunzip | tar tvf - or to actually extract the files contained in the set: cat set_name.?? | gunzip | tar xfp - In each of the source distribution set directories, there is a file named "CKSUMS" which contains the checksums of the files in that directory, as generated by the cksum(1) utility. You can use cksum to check the integrity of the archives, if you suspect that one of the files is corrupt and have access to a cksum binary. #include "contents" NetBSD System Requirements and Supported Devices: ------ ------ ------------ --- --------- ------- #include "hardware" Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media: ------- --- ------ ------ -- -- ------ ----- #include "xfer" Preparing your System for NetBSD Installation: --------- ---- ------ --- ------ ------------ #include "prep" Installing the NetBSD System: ---------- --- ------ ------ #include "install" Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System: --------- - ---------- --------- ------ ------ #include "upgrade" Using online NetBSD documentation ----- ------ ------ ------------- Documentation is available if you first install the manual distribution set. Traditionally, the "man pages" (documentation) are denoted by 'name(section)'. Some examples of this are intro(1), man(1), apropros(1), passwd(1), and passwd(5). The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8. The 'man' command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is started by entering 'man [section] topic'. The brackets [] around the section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is optional. If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the least-numbered section name will be displayed. For instance, after logging in, enter man passwd to read the documentation for passwd(1). To view the documentation for passwd(5), enter man 5 passwd instead. If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter apropos subject-word where "subject-word" is your topic of interest; a list of possibly related man pages will be displayed. Administrivia: ------------- Registration? What's that? If you've got something to say, do so! We'd like your input. There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list server at . To get help on using the mailing list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will reply with instructions. There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and questions about this release. Please send comments to: netbsd-comments@NetBSD.ORG To report bugs, use the 'send-pr' command shipped with NetBSD, and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. Good bug reports include lots of details. Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to: netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.ORG Use of 'send-pr' is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it are entered into the NetBSD bugs database, and thus can't slip through the cracks. There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of each port of NetBSD. Use majordomo to find their addresses. If you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific port, you probably should contact the "owner" of that port (listed below). If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how you could be useful, send mail and/or subscribe to: netbsd-help@NetBSD.ORG As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these mailing lists. Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP somewhere, then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it. Thanks go to: ------ -- -- Members and former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, including (but not limited to): Keith Bostic Ralph Campbell Mike Karels Marshall Kirk McKusick for their ongoing work on BSD systems, support, and encouragement. Also, our thanks go to: Mike Hibler Rick Macklem Jan-Simon Pendry Chris Torek for answering lots of questions, fixing bugs, and doing the various work they've done. UC Berkeley's Experimental Computing Facility provided a home for sun-lamp in the past, people to look after it, and a sense of humor. Rob Robertson, too, has added his unique sense of humor to things, and for a long time provided the primary FTP site for NetBSD. Best Internet Communications for hosting the NetBSD FTP and SUP server. Cygnus Support for hosting the NetBSD Mail server. Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool. Alistair G. Crooks has been producing tar file snapshot reports for NetBSD-current users, a very valuable service. Dave Burgess has been maintaining the 386BSD/NetBSD/FreeBSD FAQ for quite some time, and deserves to be recognized for it. The following people (in alphabetical order) have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support NetBSD development, and deserve credit for it: #include "donations" (If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you wanted to be listed.) Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into developing NetBSD since its inception in January, 1993. (Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. If you're one of them, and would like to mentioned, tell us!) We are: -- --- (in alphabetical order) The NetBSD core group: J.T. Conklin Charles Hannum Paul Kranenburg Jason Thorpe Christos Zoulas The port-masters (and their ports): Mark Brinicombe (arm32) Chuck Cranor (mvme68k) Chris G. Demetriou (alpha) Charles Hannum (i386) Chris Hopps (amiga) Paul Kranenburg (sparc) Anders Magnusson (vax) Phil Nelson (pc532) Masaru Oki (x68k) Scott Reynolds (mac68k) Gordon Ross (sun3) Jonathan Stone (pmax) Jason Thorpe (hp300) Frank van der Linden (i386) Leo Weppelman (atari) Supporting cast: Steve Allen John Brezak Allen Briggs Aaron Brown Dave Burgess Bill Coldwell Bernd Ernesti Hubert Feyrer Brian R. Gaeke Justin Gibbs Adam Glass Michael Graff Brad Grantham Matthew Green Michael L. Hitch Lawrence Kesteloot John Kohl Ted Lemon Mike Long Paul Mackerras Neil J. McRae Perry Metzger Luke Mewburn der Mouse Herb Peyerl Matthias Pfaller Chris Provenzano Waldi Ravens Curt Sampson Karl Schilke (rAT) Thor Lancelot Simon Noriyuki Soda Wolfgang Solfrank Bill Sommerfeld Ignatios Souvatzis Kevin Sullivan Legal Mumbo-jumbo: ----- ----- ----- The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of the software that we have mentioned in this document: #include "legal.common" #include "legal"