This merge changes the device switch tables from static array to
dynamically generated by config(8).
- All device switches is defined as a constant structure in device drivers.
- The new grammer ``device-major'' is introduced to ``files''.
device-major <prefix> char <num> [block <num>] [<rules>]
- All device major numbers must be listed up in port dependent majors.<arch>
by using this grammer.
- Added the new naming convention.
The name of the device switch must be <prefix>_[bc]devsw for auto-generation
of device switch tables.
- The backward compatibility of loading block/character device
switch by LKM framework is broken. This is necessary to convert
from block/character device major to device name in runtime and vice versa.
- The restriction to assign device major by LKM is completely removed.
We don't need to reserve LKM entries for dynamic loading of device switch.
- In compile time, device major numbers list is packed into the kernel and
the LKM framework will refer it to assign device major number dynamically.
- remove special treatment of pager_map mappings in pmaps. this is
required now, since I've removed the globals that expose the address range.
pager_map now uses pmap_kenter_pa() instead of pmap_enter(), so there's
no longer any need to special-case it.
- eliminate struct uvm_vnode by moving its fields into struct vnode.
- rewrite the pageout path. the pager is now responsible for handling the
high-level requests instead of only getting control after a bunch of work
has already been done on its behalf. this will allow us to UBCify LFS,
which needs tighter control over its pages than other filesystems do.
writing a page to disk no longer requires making it read-only, which
allows us to write wired pages without causing all kinds of havoc.
- use a new PG_PAGEOUT flag to indicate that a page should be freed
on behalf of the pagedaemon when it's unlocked. this flag is very similar
to PG_RELEASED, but unlike PG_RELEASED, PG_PAGEOUT can be cleared if the
pageout fails due to eg. an indirect-block buffer being locked.
this allows us to remove the "version" field from struct vm_page,
and together with shrinking "loan_count" from 32 bits to 16,
struct vm_page is now 4 bytes smaller.
- no longer use PG_RELEASED for swap-backed pages. if the page is busy
because it's being paged out, we can't release the swap slot to be
reallocated until that write is complete, but unlike with vnodes we
don't keep a count of in-progress writes so there's no good way to
know when the write is done. instead, when we need to free a busy
swap-backed page, just sleep until we can get it busy ourselves.
- implement a fast-path for extending writes which allows us to avoid
zeroing new pages. this substantially reduces cpu usage.
- encapsulate the data used by the genfs code in a struct genfs_node,
which must be the first element of the filesystem-specific vnode data
for filesystems which use genfs_{get,put}pages().
- eliminate many of the UVM pagerops, since they aren't needed anymore
now that the pager "put" operation is a higher-level operation.
- enhance the genfs code to allow NFS to use the genfs_{get,put}pages
instead of a modified copy.
- clean up struct vnode by removing all the fields that used to be used by
the vfs_cluster.c code (which we don't use anymore with UBC).
- remove kmem_object and mb_object since they were useless.
instead of allocating pages to these objects, we now just allocate
pages with no object. such pages are mapped in the kernel until they
are freed, so we can use the mapping to find the page to free it.
this allows us to remove splvm() protection in several places.
The sum of all these changes improves write throughput on my
decstation 5000/200 to within 1% of the rate of NetBSD 1.5
and reduces the elapsed time for "make release" of a NetBSD 1.5
source tree on my 128MB pc to 10% less than a 1.5 kernel took.
the mapping is:
VM_PAGER_OK 0
VM_PAGER_BAD <unused>
VM_PAGER_FAIL <unused>
VM_PAGER_PEND 0 (see below)
VM_PAGER_ERROR EIO
VM_PAGER_AGAIN EAGAIN
VM_PAGER_UNLOCK EBUSY
VM_PAGER_REFAULT ERESTART
for async i/o requests, it used to be possible for the request to
be convert to sync, and the pager would return VM_PAGER_OK or VM_PAGER_PEND
to indicate whether the caller should perform post-i/o cleanup.
this is no longer allowed; pagers must now return 0 to indicate that
the async i/o was successfully started, and the caller never needs to
worry about doing the post-i/o cleanup.
each of the basic types (anonymous data, executable image, cached files)
and prevent the pagedaemon from reusing a given page if that would reduce
the count of that type of page below a sysctl-setable minimum threshold.
the thresholds are controlled via three new sysctl tunables:
vm.anonmin, vm.vnodemin, and vm.vtextmin. these tunables are the
percentages of pageable memory reserved for each usage, and we do not allow
the sum of the minimums to be more than 95% so that there's always some
memory that can be reused.
Mach VM's now. Specific changes:
- Pages now need not have all of their mappings removed before being
put on the inactive list. They only need to have the "referenced"
attribute cleared. This makes putting pages onto the inactive list
much more efficient. In order to eliminate redundant clearings of
"refrenced", callers of uvm_pagedeactivate() must now do this
themselves.
- When checking the "modified" attribute for a page (for clearing
PG_CLEAN), make sure to only do it if PG_CLEAN is currently set on
the page (saves a potentially expensive pmap operation).
- When scanning the inactive list, if a page is referenced, reactivate
it (this part was actually added in uvm_pdaemon.c,v 1.27). This
now works properly now that pages on the inactive list are allowed to
have mappings.
- When scanning the inactive list and considering a page for freeing,
remove all mappings, and then check the "modified" attribute if the
page is marked PG_CLEAN.
- When scanning the active list, if the page was referenced since its
last sweep by the scanner, don't deactivate it. (This part was
actually added in uvm_pdaemon.c,v 1.28.)
These changes greatly improve interactive performance during
moderate to high memory and I/O load.
pending i/os to complete before returning even if PGO_CLEANIT is not
specified. this fixes two races:
(1) NFS write rpcs vs. setattr operations which truncate the file.
if the truncate doesn't wait for pending writes to complete then
a later write rpc completion can undo the effect of the truncate.
this problem has been reported by several people.
(2) write i/os in disk-based filesystem vs. the disk block being
freed by a truncation, allocated to a new file, and written
again with different data. if the disk driver reorders the requests
and does the second i/o first, the old data will clobber the new,
corrupting the new file. I haven't heard of anyone experiencing
this problem yet, but it's fixed now anyway.
<vm/pglist.h> -> <uvm/uvm_pglist.h>
<vm/vm_inherit.h> -> <uvm/uvm_inherit.h>
<vm/vm_kern.h> -> into <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
<vm/vm_object.h> -> nothing
<vm/vm_pager.h> -> into <uvm/uvm_pager.h>
also includes a bunch of <vm/vm_page.h> include removals (due to redudancy
with <vm/vm.h>), and a scattering of other similar headers.
Add a new type voff_t (defined as a synonym for off_t) to describe offsets
into uvm objects, and update the appropriate interfaces to use it, the
most visible effect being the ability to mmap() file offsets beyond
the range of a vaddr_t.
Originally by Chuck Silvers; blame me for problems caused by merging this
into non-UBC.
define a flag UVM_PGA_USERESERVE to allow non-kernel object
allocations to use pages from the reserve.
use the new flag for allocations in pmap modules.
and system call now just return EFAULT). A complete fix will
presumably have to wait for UBC and/or for vnode locking protocols to
be revamped to allow use of shared locks.
gehenna