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Try to cover the fact NetBSD/sparc has both a sysinst and a miniroot

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isntallation option for all methods.
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abs 2000-09-04 16:08:50 +00:00
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distrib/notes/sparc/install
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
.\" $NetBSD: install,v 1.25 2000/08/24 16:41:04 abs Exp $
.\" $NetBSD: install,v 1.26 2000/09/04 16:08:50 abs Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1999 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
@ -32,32 +32,51 @@
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.
Installing NetBSD is a relatively complex process, but if you have
Installing
.Nx
is a relatively complex process, but if you have
this document in hand it shouldn't be too much trouble.
.Pp
There are several ways to install NetBSD onto a disk. The easiest way
in terms of preliminary setup is to use the NetBSD miniroot that can
be booted off your local disk's swap partition. Alternatively, if your
Sparcstation is hooked up in a network you can find a server and arrange
for a diskless setup which is a convenient way to install on a machine
whose disk does not currently hold a usable operating system (see the
section `Installing NetBSD by using a diskless setup' below). There is
NetBSD/sparc has two installation systems, an easy to use 'sysinst',
and a more flexible miniroot script based system.
.Pp
There are several ways to install
.Nx
onto a disk. The easiest way is to use the 'syboot.fs' image copied to
a floppy or your local disk's swap partition.
More advanced users may prefer booting the
.Nx
miniroot from the local disk's swap partition.
Alternatively, if your Sparcstation is hooked up in a network you
can find a server and arrange for a diskless setup which is a
convenient way to install on a machine whose disk does not currently
hold a usable operating system (see the section `Installing
.Nx
by using a diskless setup' below). There is
also a bootable 1.4MB floppy available that contains a slightly less
featureful miniroot environment.
.
.Ss2 Installing NetBSD by using the NetBSD miniroot.
.
The miniroot is a self-contained NetBSD filesystem holding all utilities
necessary to install NetBSD on a local disk. It is distributed as a plain
If you wish to use the more flexible 'miniroot.fs', use in place
of 'syboot.fs' below.
.Pp
The miniroot is a self-contained
.Nx
filesystem holding all utilities
necessary to install
.Nx
on a local disk. It is distributed as a plain
file designed to be transferred to a raw disk partition from which it can
be booted using the appropriate PROM command. Usually, the miniroot will
be loaded into the swap partition of a disk. If needed, you can use any
other unused partition, but remember that the partition will then not
available during the installation process.
other unused partition, but remember that in the case of 'miniroot.fs'
the partition will then not available during the installation process.
.Pp
Loading the miniroot onto your raw partition is simple. On NetBSD as well
as SunOS you use a command like:
.Dl # Ic dd if=miniroot.fs of=/dev/rsd0b bs=4k conv=sync
Loading the miniroot onto your raw partition is simple. On
.Nx
as well as SunOS you use a command like:
.Dl # Ic dd if=syboot.fs of=/dev/rsd0b bs=4k conv=sync
(Here, `/dev/rsd0b' is assumed to be your swap partition.) There's a
potential problem here if /dev/rsd0b is actually in use as a swap
partition by your currently running system. If you don't have another
@ -91,22 +110,33 @@ the expression `(8 * TARGET) + LUN'
the partition number from which to boot (0=`a', 1=`b', etc).
.El
.Pp
The monitor boot command will cause the NetBSD kernel contained in the
The monitor boot command will cause the
.Nx
kernel contained in the
miniroot image to be booted. After the initial probe messages you'll be
asked to start the install or upgrade procedure. Proceed to the section
.Sx Running the installation scripts
.Sx Running the installation scripts.
below.
.
.Ss2 Installing NetBSD by using the bootable floppy.
.
The NetBSD install floppy works only on the sun4c and sun4m class.
The
.Nx
install floppy works only on the sun4c and sun4m class.
Making the install floppy is simple:
.Pp
On NetBSD as well as SunOS you use the following two commands:
If you wish to use the more flexible 'boot.fs', use in place
of 'syboot.fs' below.
.Pp
On
.Nx
as well as SunOS you use the following two commands:
.Dl # Ic "fdformat"
.Dl # Ic "dd if=boot-142.fs of=/dev/rfd0a bs=36k"
.Dl # Ic "dd if=syboot.fs of=/dev/rfd0a bs=36k"
(Be sure that the `fdformat' command completes successfully before proceeding
to the `dd' step; on NetBSD, a string of all `V's, and on SunOS, a string of
to the `dd' step; on
.Nx
, a string of all `V's, and on SunOS, a string of
all `.'s.).
.Pp
On a Windows system you can use the
@ -114,19 +144,21 @@ On a Windows system you can use the
command provided with the NetBSD/i386 install tools.
.Pp
From the OpenBOOT prompt, the following should boot the floppy.
.Dl ok Ic "boot fd(,,1) # for version 1 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Dl ok Ic "boot /fd # either of these for version
.Dl ok Ic "boot floppy # 2 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Dl ok Ic "boot fd(,,1) # Version 1 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Dl ok Ic "boot /fd # or
.Dl ok Ic "boot floppy # Version 2 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Pp
After the initial probe messages you'll be asked to start
the install or upgrade procedure. Proceed to the section
.Sx Running the installation scripts
.Sx Running the installation scripts.
below.
.
.Ss2 Installing NetBSD by using a diskless setup.
.
First, you must setup a diskless client configuration on a server. If
you are using a NetBSD system as the boot-server, have a look at the
you are using a
.Nx
system as the boot-server, have a look at the
.Xr diskless 8
manual page for guidelines on how to proceed with this.
If the server runs another operating system, you'll have to consult
@ -175,13 +207,47 @@ filesets. However, the easiest way is to put the
files you want
to install into the root directory for your client on the server.
.Pp
Next, unpack `base.tar.gz', `etc.tar.gz', and 'kern.tgz' on the server in
Next you must select whether to use the easier 'sysinst' or more flexible
script based install.
.
.Ss2 Diskless sysinst installation
.
Follow this section and skip the next if you wish to use the easier 'sysinst'
installation method.
.Pp
Copy the installation/netboot/netbsd.ram.gz image into the exported
root directory for your machine, then boot your workstation from the
server by entering the appropriate `boot' command at the monitor prompt.
Depending on the PROM version in your machine, this command takes one of
the following forms:
.Dl "\*> b le()netbsd.ram.gz # for sun4 monitors
.Dl "ok boot le()netbsd.ram.gz # for version 1 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Dl "ok boot net netbsd.ram.gz # for version 2 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Pp
This will boot the
.Nx
kernel in single-user mode.
.(Note
The latter two examples assume you operate the OpenBOOT ROM in
"new command mode". If your machine comes up and gives you a `\*>' prompt
instead of `ok', type:
.Dl "\*>n # enter native OpenBOOT mode
.Dl "ok setenv sunmon-compat? false # make it permanent
.Dl "ok
.
.Ss2 Diskless script installation
.
Follow this section and skip the previous if you wish to use the more
flexible 'miniroot' script installation method.
.Pp
Unpack `base.tar.gz', `etc.tar.gz', and 'kern.tgz' on the server in
the root directory for your machine. If you elect to use a separately
NFS-mounted filesystem for `/usr' with your diskless setup, make sure the
"./usr" base files in base.tar.gz end up in the correct location. One way
to do this is to temporarily use a loopback mount on the server, re-routing
.Ar root Ns Pa /usr
to your server's exported NetBSD
to your server's exported
.Nx
.Pa /usr
directory. Also put 'install.*' and 'upgrade.sh' from the
.Pa installation/netboot/
@ -211,9 +277,13 @@ and run the MAKEDEV script:
.Pp
On SunOS 5.x systems, MAKEDEV can also be used, but there'll be error
messages about unknown user and groups. These errors are inconsequential
for the purpose of installing NetBSD. However, you may want to correct them
for the purpose of installing
.Nx .
However, you may want to correct them
if you plan to use the diskless setup regularly. In that case, you may re-run
MAKEDEV on your NetBSD machine once it has booted.
MAKEDEV on your
.Nx
machine once it has booted.
.Pp
Boot your workstation from the server by entering the appropriate `boot'
command at the monitor prompt. Depending on the PROM version in your machine,
@ -222,7 +292,9 @@ this command takes one of the following forms:
.Dl "ok boot le()netbsd -s # for version 1 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Dl "ok boot net netbsd -s # for version 2 OpenBOOT ROMs
.Pp
This will boot the NetBSD kernel in single-user mode.
This will boot the
.Nx
kernel in single-user mode.
.(Note
The latter two examples assume you operate the OpenBOOT ROM in
"new command mode". If your machine comes up and gives you a `\*>' prompt
@ -247,19 +319,25 @@ to edit disklabels the -e switch will invoke the editor on the
label. The -i switch will run an interactive session.
.Pp
At this point, it's worth checking the disk label and partition sizes on
the disk you want to install NetBSD onto. NetBSD understands SunOS-style
the disk you want to install
.Nx
onto.
.Nx
understands SunOS-style
disklabels, so if your disk was previously used by SunOS there will be
a usable label on it. Use `disklabel -e \*<disk\*>' or `disklabel -i
\*<disk\*>' (where \*<disk\*> is the device name assigned by the NetBSD
kernel, e.g. `sd0') to view and
modify the partition sizes. See the section
\*<disk\*>' (where \*<disk\*> is the device name assigned by the
.Nx
kernel, e.g. `sd0') to view and modify the partition sizes. See
the section
.Sx Preparing your System for NetBSD Installation
above for suggestions about disk partition sizes.
.Pp
If you are installing on a SCSI disk that does
.Em not
have a SunOS or
NetBSD label on it, you may still be able to use disklabel(8) but you'll
.Nx
label on it, you may still be able to use disklabel(8) but you'll
have to create all partitions from scratch. If your disk is listed in
`/etc/disktab', you may use the entry (which in most cases only defines
a `c' partition to describe the whole disk) to put an initial label on
@ -320,16 +398,18 @@ drivedata: 0
d: 525504 114688 4.2BSD 0 0 0 # (Cyl. 256 - 1428)
.Ed
.Pp
If you are upgrading a NetBSD installation, start the upgrade script:
If you are upgrading a
.Nx
installation, start the upgrade script:
.Dl netbsd# Ic sh upgrade.sh
else, start the installation script:
.Dl netbsd# Ic sh install.sh
.
.Ss2 Running the installation scripts.
.
The installation scripts will do most of the work of transferring the
The installation system will do most of the work of transferring the
system from the distribution sets onto your disk. You will frequently be
asked for confirmation before the script proceeds with each phase of the
asked for confirmation before the system proceeds with each phase of the
installation process.
.Pp
Occasionally, you will have to provide a piece of information such as the
@ -341,11 +421,14 @@ have been identified by the kernel.
The installation script goes through the following phases:
.Bl -bullet -compact
. It
determination of the disk to install NetBSD on
determination of the disk on to install
.Nx
. It
checking of the partition information on the disk
. It
creating and mounting the NetBSD filesystems
creating and mounting the
.Nx
filesystems
. It
setup of IP configuration
. It
@ -355,8 +438,9 @@ The installation script goes through the following phases:
.El
.Pp
Now try a reboot. Initially I'd suggest you "boot sd()netbsd -bs", then
try multiuser after that. If you boot single-user the NetBSD incantation
to make the root filesystem writable is
try multiuser after that. If you boot single-user the
.Nx
incantation to make the root filesystem writable is
.Dl netbsd# Ic mount -u /dev/sd0a /
The Sun monitor might have been setup to instruct the boot program to load
a file called "vmunix". On OpenBOOT ROM systems you can change it to load
@ -372,4 +456,5 @@ On version 2 OpenBOOT ROMs:
.Dl ok Ic setenv boot-device /sbus/esp/sd@0,0
.Pp
.Em Congratulations ,
you have successfully installed NetBSD \*V.
you have successfully installed
.Nx \*V.