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Import of GNU dc (from bc-1.03).

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phil 1994-12-01 04:26:47 +00:00
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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# $Id: Makefile,v 1.1.1.1 1994/12/01 04:26:47 phil Exp $
PROG= dc
CFLAGS+=-D_POSIX_SOURCE -I${.CURDIR} -I${.CURDIR}/../bc
SRCS= array.c dc-number.c number.c eval.c misc.c stack.c string.c
.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/../bc
.include <bsd.prog.mk>

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This is GNU dc. (Taken from the GNU bc 1.03 distribution.)
ALL other files distributed with GNU dc are available in some form in
/usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/bc. (aka ../bc)
The files array.c, eval.c, misc.c, stack.c and string.c were renamed from
their original distribution names as dc-xxxx.c.
An original distribution of GNU bc/dc can be regenerated from the files
in the directories bc and dc. (It will require GNU autoconf 2.0 to
regenerate some files.)

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/*
* implement arrays for dc
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/* This module is the only one that knows what arrays look like. */
#include "config.h"
#include <stdio.h> /* "dc-proto.h" wants this */
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
/* get size_t definition from "almost ANSI" compiling environments. */
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#include "dc.h"
#include "dc-proto.h"
#include "dc-regdef.h"
/* what's most useful: quick access or sparse arrays? */
/* I'll go with sparse arrays for now */
struct dc_array {
int Index;
dc_data value;
struct dc_array *next;
};
typedef struct dc_array dc_array;
/* I can find no reason not to place arrays in their own namespace... */
static dc_array *dc_array_register[DC_REGCOUNT];
/* initialize the arrays to their initial values */
void
dc_array_init DC_DECLVOID()
{
int i;
for (i=0; i<DC_REGCOUNT; ++i)
dc_array_register[i] = NULL;
}
/* store value into array_id[Index] */
void
dc_array_set DC_DECLARG((array_id, Index, value))
int array_id DC_DECLSEP
int Index DC_DECLSEP
dc_data value DC_DECLEND
{
dc_array *cur;
dc_array *prev=NULL;
dc_array *newentry;
array_id = regmap(array_id);
cur = dc_array_register[array_id];
while (cur && cur->Index < Index){
prev = cur;
cur = cur->next;
}
if (cur && cur->Index == Index){
if (cur->value.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
dc_free_num(&cur->value.v.number);
else if (cur->value.dc_type == DC_STRING)
dc_free_str(&cur->value.v.string);
else
dc_garbage(" in array", array_id);
cur->value = value;
}else{
newentry = dc_malloc(sizeof *newentry);
newentry->Index = Index;
newentry->value = value;
newentry->next = cur;
if (prev)
prev->next = newentry;
else
dc_array_register[array_id] = newentry;
}
}
/* retrieve a dup of a value from array_id[Index] */
/* A zero value is returned if the specified value is unintialized. */
dc_data
dc_array_get DC_DECLARG((array_id, Index))
int array_id DC_DECLSEP
int Index DC_DECLEND
{
dc_array *cur;
for (cur=dc_array_register[regmap(array_id)]; cur; cur=cur->next)
if (cur->Index == Index)
return dc_dup(cur->value);
return dc_int2data(0);
}

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/*
* interface dc to the bc numeric routines
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/* This should be the only module that knows the internals of type dc_num */
#include "config.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "bcdefs.h"
#include "proto.h"
#include "global.h"
#include "dc.h"
#include "dc-proto.h"
/* convert an opaque dc_num into a real bc_num */
#define CastNum(x) ((bc_num)(x))
/* add two dc_nums, place into *result;
* return DC_SUCCESS on success, DC_DOMAIN_ERROR on domain error
*/
int
dc_add DC_DECLARG((a, b, kscale, result))
dc_num a DC_DECLSEP
dc_num b DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLSEP
dc_num *result DC_DECLEND
{
init_num((bc_num *)result);
bc_add(CastNum(a), CastNum(b), (bc_num *)result);
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* subtract two dc_nums, place into *result;
* return DC_SUCCESS on success, DC_DOMAIN_ERROR on domain error
*/
int
dc_sub DC_DECLARG((a, b, kscale, result))
dc_num a DC_DECLSEP
dc_num b DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLSEP
dc_num *result DC_DECLEND
{
init_num((bc_num *)result);
bc_sub(CastNum(a), CastNum(b), (bc_num *)result);
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* multiply two dc_nums, place into *result;
* return DC_SUCCESS on success, DC_DOMAIN_ERROR on domain error
*/
int
dc_mul DC_DECLARG((a, b, kscale, result))
dc_num a DC_DECLSEP
dc_num b DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLSEP
dc_num *result DC_DECLEND
{
init_num((bc_num *)result);
bc_multiply(CastNum(a), CastNum(b), (bc_num *)result, kscale);
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* divide two dc_nums, place into *result;
* return DC_SUCCESS on success, DC_DOMAIN_ERROR on domain error
*/
int
dc_div DC_DECLARG((a, b, kscale, result))
dc_num a DC_DECLSEP
dc_num b DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLSEP
dc_num *result DC_DECLEND
{
init_num((bc_num *)result);
if (bc_divide(CastNum(a), CastNum(b), (bc_num *)result, kscale)){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: divide by zero\n", progname);
return DC_DOMAIN_ERROR;
}
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* place the reminder of dividing a by b into *result;
* return DC_SUCCESS on success, DC_DOMAIN_ERROR on domain error
*/
int
dc_rem DC_DECLARG((a, b, kscale, result))
dc_num a DC_DECLSEP
dc_num b DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLSEP
dc_num *result DC_DECLEND
{
init_num((bc_num *)result);
if (bc_modulo(CastNum(a), CastNum(b), (bc_num *)result, kscale)){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: remainder by zero\n", progname);
return DC_DOMAIN_ERROR;
}
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* place the result of exponentiationg a by b into *result;
* return DC_SUCCESS on success, DC_DOMAIN_ERROR on domain error
*/
int
dc_exp DC_DECLARG((a, b, kscale, result))
dc_num a DC_DECLSEP
dc_num b DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLSEP
dc_num *result DC_DECLEND
{
init_num((bc_num *)result);
bc_raise(CastNum(a), CastNum(b), (bc_num *)result, kscale);
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* take the square root of the value, place into *result;
* return DC_SUCCESS on success, DC_DOMAIN_ERROR on domain error
*/
int
dc_sqrt DC_DECLARG((value, kscale, result))
dc_num value DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLSEP
dc_num *result DC_DECLEND
{
bc_num tmp;
tmp = copy_num(CastNum(value));
if (!bc_sqrt(&tmp, kscale)){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: square root of negative number\n", progname);
free_num(&tmp);
return DC_DOMAIN_ERROR;
}
*((bc_num *)result) = tmp;
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* compare dc_nums a and b;
* return a negative value if a < b;
* return a positive value if a > b;
* return zero value if a == b
*/
int
dc_compare DC_DECLARG((a, b))
dc_num a DC_DECLSEP
dc_num b DC_DECLEND
{
return bc_compare(CastNum(a), CastNum(b));
}
/* attempt to convert a dc_num to its corresponding int value
* If discard_flag is true then deallocate the value after use.
*/
int
dc_num2int DC_DECLARG((value, discard_flag))
dc_num value DC_DECLSEP
dc_boolean discard_flag DC_DECLEND
{
long result;
result = num2long(CastNum(value));
if (discard_flag)
dc_free_num(&value);
return (int)result;
}
/* convert a C integer value into a dc_num */
/* For convenience of the caller, package the dc_num
* into a dc_data result.
*/
dc_data
dc_int2data DC_DECLARG((value))
int value DC_DECLEND
{
dc_data result;
init_num((bc_num *)&result.v.number);
int2num((bc_num *)&result.v.number, value);
result.dc_type = DC_NUMBER;
return result;
}
/* get a dc_num from some input stream;
* input is a function which knows how to read the desired input stream
* ibase is the input base (2<=ibase<=DC_IBASE_MAX)
* *readahead will be set to the readahead character consumed while
* looking for the end-of-number
*/
/* For convenience of the caller, package the dc_num
* into a dc_data result.
*/
dc_data
dc_getnum DC_DECLARG((input, ibase, readahead))
int (*input) DC_PROTO((void)) DC_DECLSEP
int ibase DC_DECLSEP
int *readahead DC_DECLEND
{
bc_num base;
bc_num result;
bc_num build;
bc_num tmp;
bc_num divisor;
dc_data full_result;
int negative = 0;
int digit;
int decimal;
int c;
init_num(&tmp);
init_num(&build);
init_num(&base);
result = copy_num(_zero_);
int2num(&base, ibase);
c = (*input)();
while (isspace(c))
c = (*input)();
if (c == '_' || c == '-'){
negative = c;
c = (*input)();
}else if (c == '+'){
c = (*input)();
}
while (isspace(c))
c = (*input)();
for (;;){
if (isdigit(c))
digit = c - '0';
else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F')
digit = 10 + c - 'A';
else
break;
c = (*input)();
int2num(&tmp, digit);
bc_multiply(result, base, &result, 0);
bc_add(result, tmp, &result);
}
if (c == '.'){
free_num(&build);
free_num(&tmp);
divisor = copy_num(_one_);
build = copy_num(_zero_);
decimal = 0;
for (;;){
c = (*input)();
if (isdigit(c))
digit = c - '0';
else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F')
digit = 10 + c - 'A';
else
break;
int2num(&tmp, digit);
bc_multiply(build, base, &build, 0);
bc_add(build, tmp, &build);
bc_multiply(divisor, base, &divisor, 0);
++decimal;
}
bc_divide(build, divisor, &build, decimal);
bc_add(result, build, &result);
}
/* Final work. */
if (negative)
bc_sub(_zero_, result, &result);
free_num(&tmp);
free_num(&build);
free_num(&base);
if (readahead)
*readahead = c;
full_result.v.number = (dc_num)result;
full_result.dc_type = DC_NUMBER;
return full_result;
}
/* return the "length" of the number */
int
dc_numlen DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_num value DC_DECLEND
{
bc_num num = CastNum(value);
/* is this right??? */
return num->n_len + num->n_scale;
}
/* return the scale factor of the passed dc_num
* If discard_flag is true then deallocate the value after use.
*/
int
dc_tell_scale DC_DECLARG((value, discard_flag))
dc_num value DC_DECLSEP
dc_boolean discard_flag DC_DECLEND
{
int kscale;
kscale = CastNum(value)->n_scale;
if (discard_flag)
dc_free_num(&value);
return kscale;
}
/* initialize the math subsystem */
void
dc_math_init DC_DECLVOID()
{
init_numbers();
}
/* print out a dc_num in output base obase to stdout;
* if newline is true, terminate output with a '\n';
* if discard_flag is true then deallocate the value after use
*/
void
dc_out_num DC_DECLARG((value, obase, newline, discard_flag))
dc_num value DC_DECLSEP
int obase DC_DECLSEP
dc_boolean newline DC_DECLSEP
dc_boolean discard_flag DC_DECLEND
{
out_num(CastNum(value), obase, out_char);
if (newline)
out_char('\n');
if (discard_flag)
dc_free_num(&value);
}
/* deallocate an instance of a dc_num */
void
dc_free_num DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_num *value DC_DECLEND
{
free_num((bc_num *)value);
}
/* return a duplicate of the number in the passed value */
/* The mismatched data types forces the caller to deal with
* bad dc_type'd dc_data values, and makes it more convenient
* for the caller to not have to do the grunge work of setting
* up a dc_type result.
*/
dc_data
dc_dup_num DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_num value DC_DECLEND
{
dc_data result;
++CastNum(value)->n_refs;
result.v.number = value;
result.dc_type = DC_NUMBER;
return result;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
| The rest of this file consists of stubs for bc routines called by number.c |
| so as to minimize the amount of bc code needed to build dc. |
| The bulk of the code was just lifted straight out of the bc source. |
\---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
# include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
# include <stdarg.h>
#else
# include <varargs.h>
#endif
int out_col = 0;
/* Output routines: Write a character CH to the standard output.
It keeps track of the number of characters output and may
break the output with a "\<cr>". */
void
out_char (ch)
char ch;
{
if (ch == '\n')
{
out_col = 0;
putchar ('\n');
}
else
{
out_col++;
if (out_col == 70)
{
putchar ('\\');
putchar ('\n');
out_col = 1;
}
putchar (ch);
}
}
/* Malloc could not get enought memory. */
void
out_of_memory()
{
dc_memfail();
}
/* Runtime error will print a message and stop the machine. */
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
#ifdef __STDC__
void
rt_error (char *mesg, ...)
#else
void
rt_error (mesg)
char *mesg;
#endif
#else
void
rt_error (mesg, va_alist)
char *mesg;
#endif
{
va_list args;
char error_mesg [255];
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
va_start (args, mesg);
#else
va_start (args);
#endif
vsprintf (error_mesg, mesg, args);
va_end (args);
fprintf (stderr, "Runtime error: %s\n", error_mesg);
}
/* A runtime warning tells of some action taken by the processor that
may change the program execution but was not enough of a problem
to stop the execution. */
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
#ifdef __STDC__
void
rt_warn (char *mesg, ...)
#else
void
rt_warn (mesg)
char *mesg;
#endif
#else
void
rt_warn (mesg, va_alist)
char *mesg;
#endif
{
va_list args;
char error_mesg [255];
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
va_start (args, mesg);
#else
va_start (args);
#endif
vsprintf (error_mesg, mesg, args);
va_end (args);
fprintf (stderr, "Runtime warning: %s\n", error_mesg);
}

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/*
* prototypes of all externally visible dc functions
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
extern const char *dc_str2charp DC_PROTO((dc_str));
extern const char *dc_system DC_PROTO((const char *));
extern void *dc_malloc DC_PROTO((size_t));
extern void dc_array_set DC_PROTO((int, int, dc_data));
extern void dc_array_init DC_PROTO((void));
extern void dc_binop DC_PROTO((int (*)(dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *), int));
extern void dc_clear_stack DC_PROTO((void));
extern void dc_free_num DC_PROTO((dc_num *));
extern void dc_free_str DC_PROTO((dc_str *));
extern void dc_garbage DC_PROTO((const char *, int));
extern void dc_math_init DC_PROTO((void));
extern void dc_memfail DC_PROTO((void));
extern void dc_out_num DC_PROTO((dc_num, int, dc_boolean, dc_boolean));
extern void dc_out_str DC_PROTO((dc_str, dc_boolean, dc_boolean));
extern void dc_print DC_PROTO((dc_data, int));
extern void dc_printall DC_PROTO((int));
extern void dc_push DC_PROTO((dc_data));
extern void dc_register_init DC_PROTO((void));
extern void dc_register_push DC_PROTO((int, dc_data));
extern void dc_register_set DC_PROTO((int, dc_data));
extern void dc_show_id DC_PROTO((FILE *, int, const char *));
extern void dc_string_init DC_PROTO((void));
extern int dc_cmpop DC_PROTO((void));
extern int dc_compare DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num));
extern int dc_evalfile DC_PROTO((FILE *));
extern int dc_num2int DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_boolean));
extern int dc_numlen DC_PROTO((dc_num));
extern int dc_pop DC_PROTO((dc_data *));
extern int dc_register_get DC_PROTO((int, dc_data *));
extern int dc_register_pop DC_PROTO((int, dc_data *));
extern int dc_tell_length DC_PROTO((dc_data, dc_boolean));
extern int dc_tell_scale DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_boolean));
extern int dc_tell_stackdepth DC_PROTO((void));
extern int dc_top_of_stack DC_PROTO((dc_data *));
extern size_t dc_strlen DC_PROTO((dc_str));
extern dc_data dc_array_get DC_PROTO((int, int));
extern dc_data dc_dup DC_PROTO((dc_data));
extern dc_data dc_dup_num DC_PROTO((dc_num));
extern dc_data dc_dup_str DC_PROTO((dc_str));
extern dc_data dc_getnum DC_PROTO((int (*)(void), int, int *));
extern dc_data dc_int2data DC_PROTO((int));
extern dc_data dc_makestring DC_PROTO((const char *, size_t));
extern dc_data dc_readstring DC_PROTO((FILE *, int , int));
extern int dc_add DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *));
extern int dc_div DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *));
extern int dc_exp DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *));
extern int dc_mul DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *));
extern int dc_rem DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *));
extern int dc_sub DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *));
extern int dc_sqrt DC_PROTO((dc_num, int, dc_num *));

40
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/*
* definitions for dc's "register" declarations
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
# include <limits.h> /* UCHAR_MAX */
#endif
/* determine how many register stacks there are */
#ifndef DC_REGCOUNT
# ifndef UCHAR_MAX
# define DC_REGCOUNT 256
# else
# define DC_REGCOUNT (UCHAR_MAX+1)
# endif
#endif /* not DC_REGCOUNT */
/* efficiency hack for masking arbritrary integers to 0..(DC_REGCOUNT-1) */
#if (DC_REGCOUNT & (DC_REGCOUNT-1)) == 0 /* DC_REGCOUNT is power of 2 */
# define regmap(r) ((r) & (DC_REGCOUNT-1))
#else
# define regmap(r) ((r) % DC_REGCOUNT)
#endif

22
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/*
* dc version number
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#define Version "dc 1.0"

390
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.TH DC 1 "07 Apr 1994" "GNU Project"
.ds dc \fIdc\fP
.ds Dc \fIDc\fP
.SH
NAME
dc \- an arbitrary precision calculator
.SH
SYNOPSIS
dc
.SH
DESCRIPTION
.PP
\*(Dc is a reverse-polish desk calculator which supports
unlimited precision arithmetic.
It also allows you to define and call macros.
Normally \*(dc reads from the standard input;
if any command arguments are given to it, they are filenames,
and \*(dc reads and executes the contents of the files before reading
from standard input.
All normal output is to standard output;
all error output is to standard error.
.PP
A reverse-polish calculator stores numbers on a stack.
Entering a number pushes it on the stack.
Arithmetic operations pop arguments off the stack and push the results.
.PP
To enter a number in
.IR dc ,
type the digits with an optional decimal point.
Exponential notation is not supported.
To enter a negative number,
begin the number with ``_''.
``-'' cannot be used for this,
as it is a binary operator for subtraction instead.
To enter two numbers in succession,
separate them with spaces or newlines.
These have no meaning as commands.
.PD
.SH
Printing Commands
.TP
.B p
Prints the value on the top of the stack,
without altering the stack.
A newline is printed after the value.
.TP
.B P
Prints the value on the top of the stack, popping it off,
and does not print a newline after.
.TP
.B f
Prints the entire contents of the stack
.ig
and the contents of all of the registers,
..
without altering anything.
This is a good command to use if you are lost or want
to figure out what the effect of some command has been.
.PD
.SH
Arithmetic
.TP
.B +
Pops two values off the stack, adds them,
and pushes the result.
The precision of the result is determined only
by the values of the arguments,
and is enough to be exact.
.TP
.B -
Pops two values,
subtracts the first one popped from the second one popped,
and pushes the result.
.TP
.B *
Pops two values, multiplies them, and pushes the result.
The number of fraction digits in the result is controlled
by the current precision value (see below) and does not
depend on the values being multiplied.
.TP
.B /
Pops two values,
divides the second one popped from the first one popped,
and pushes the result.
The number of fraction digits is specified by the precision value.
.TP
.B %
Pops two values,
computes the remainder of the division that the
.B /
command would do,
and pushes that.
The division is done with as many fraction digits
as the precision value specifies,
and the remainder is also computed with that many fraction digits.
.TP
.B ^
Pops two values and exponentiates,
using the first value popped as the exponent
and the second popped as the base.
The fraction part of the exponent is ignored.
The precision value specifies the number of fraction
digits in the result.
.TP
.B v
Pops one value,
computes its square root,
and pushes that.
The precision value specifies the number of fraction digits in the result.
.PP
Most arithmetic operations are affected by the ``precision value'',
which you can set with the
.B k
command.
The default precision value is zero,
which means that all arithmetic except for
addition and subtraction produces integer results.
.PP
The remainder operation
.B %
requires some explanation:
applied to arguments ``a'' and ``b'' it produces ``a - (b * (a / b))'',
where ``a / b'' is computed in the current precision.
.SH
Stack Control
.TP
.B c
Clears the stack, rendering it empty.
.TP
.B d
Duplicates the value on the top of the stack,
pushing another copy of it.
Thus, ``4d*p'' computes 4 squared and prints it.
.SH
Registers
.PP
\*(Dc provides 256 memory registers,
each named by a single character.
You can store a number or a string in a register and retrieve it later.
.TP
.BI s r
Pop the value off the top of the stack and store
it into register
.IR r .
.TP
.BI l r
Copy the value in register
.I r
and push it onto the stack.
This does not alter the contents of
.IR r .
.PP
Each register also contains its own stack.
The current register value is the top of the register's stack.
.TP
.BI S r
Pop the value off the top of the (main) stack and
push it onto the stack of register
.IR r .
The previous value of the register becomes inaccessible.
.TP
.BI L r
Pop the value off the top of register
.IR r 's
stack and push it onto the main stack.
The previous value
in register
.IR r 's
stack, if any,
is now accessible via the
.BI l r
command.
.ig
.PP
The
.B f
command prints a list of all registers that have contents stored in them,
together with their contents.
Only the current contents of each register
(the top of its stack)
is printed.
..
.SH
Parameters
.PP
\*(Dc has three parameters that control its operation:
the precision, the input radix, and the output radix.
The precision specifies the number
of fraction digits to keep in the result of most arithmetic operations.
The input radix controls the interpretation of numbers typed in;
all numbers typed in use this radix.
The output radix is used for printing numbers.
.PP
The input and output radices are separate parameters;
you can make them unequal,
which can be useful or confusing.
The input radix must be between 2 and 36 inclusive.
The output radix must be at least 2.
The precision must be zero or greater.
The precision is always measured in decimal digits,
regardless of the current input or output radix.
.TP
.B i
Pops the value off the top of the stack
and uses it to set the input radix.
.TP
.B o
Pops the value off the top of the stack
and uses it to set the output radix.
.TP
.B k
Pops the value off the top of the stack
and uses it to set the precision.
.TP
.B I
Pushes the current input radix on the stack.
.TP
.B O
Pushes the current output radix on the stack.
.TP
.B K
Pushes the current precision on the stack.
.SH
Strings
.PP
\*(Dc can operate on strings as well as on numbers.
The only things you can do with strings are
print them and execute them as macros
(which means that the contents of the string are processed as
\*(dc commands).
All registers and the stack can hold strings,
and \*(dc always knows whether any given object is a string or a number.
Some commands such as arithmetic operations demand numbers
as arguments and print errors if given strings.
Other commands can accept either a number or a string;
for example, the
.B p
command can accept either and prints the object
according to its type.
.TP
.BI [ characters ]
Makes a string containing
.I characters
(contained between balanced
.B [
and
.B ]
characters),
and pushes it on the stack.
For example,
.B [foo]P
prints the characters
.B foo
(with no newline).
.TP
.B x
Pops a value off the stack and executes it as a macro.
Normally it should be a string;
if it is a number,
it is simply pushed back onto the stack.
For example,
.B [1p]x
executes the macro
.B 1p
which pushes
.B 1
on the stack and prints
.B 1
on a separate line.
.PP
Macros are most often stored in registers;
.B [1p]sa
stores a macro to print
.B 1
into register
.BR a ,
and
.B lax
invokes this macro.
.TP
.BI > r
Pops two values off the stack and compares them
assuming they are numbers,
executing the contents of register
.I r
as a macro if the original top-of-stack
is greater.
Thus,
.B 1 2>a
will invoke register
.BR a 's
contents and
.B 2 1>a
will not.
.TP
.BI < r
Similar but invokes the macro if the original top-of-stack is less.
.TP
.BI = r
Similar but invokes the macro if the two numbers popped are equal.
.ig
This can also be validly used to compare two strings for equality.
..
.TP
.B ?
Reads a line from the terminal and executes it.
This command allows a macro to request input from the user.
.TP
.B q
exits from a macro and also from the macro which invoked it.
If called from the top level,
or from a macro which was called directly from the top level,
the
.B q
command will cause \*(dc to exit.
.TP
.B Q
Pops a value off the stack and uses it as a count
of levels of macro execution to be exited.
Thus,
.B 3Q
exits three levels.
The
.B Q
command will never cause \*(dc to exit.
.SH
Status Inquiry
.TP
.B Z
Pops a value off the stack,
calculates the number of digits it has
(or number of characters, if it is a string)
and pushes that number.
.TP
.B X
Pops a value off the stack,
calculates the number of fraction digits it has,
and pushes that number.
For a string,
the value pushed is
.\" -1.
0.
.TP
.B z
Pushes the current stack depth;
the number of objects on the stack before the execution of the
.B z
command.
.SH
Miscellaneous
.TP
.B !
Will run the rest of the line as a system command.
.TP
.B #
Will interpret the rest of the line as a comment.
.TP
.BI : r
Will pop the top two values off of the stack.
The old second-to-top value will be stored in the array
.IR r ,
indexed by the old top-of-stack value.
.TP
.BI ; r
Pops the top-of-stack and uses it as an index into
the array
.IR r .
The selected value is then pushed onto the stack.
.SH
NOTES
.PP
The array operations
.B :
and
.B ;
are usually only used by traditional implementations of
.IR bc .
(The GNU
.I bc
is self contained and does not need \*(dc to run.)
The comment operator
.B #
is a new command not found in traditional implementations of
.IR dc .
.SH
BUGS
.PP
Email bug reports to
.BR bug-gnu-utils@prep.ai.mit.edu .
Be sure to include the word ``dc'' somewhere in the ``Subject:'' field.

81
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/*
* Header file for dc routines
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#ifndef DC_DEFS_H
#define DC_DEFS_H
/* 'I' is a command, and bases 17 and 18 are quite
* unusual, so we limit ourselves to bases 2 to 16
*/
#define DC_IBASE_MAX 16
#define DC_SUCCESS 0
#define DC_DOMAIN_ERROR 1
#define DC_FAIL 2 /* generic failure */
#ifndef __STDC__
# define DC_PROTO(x) ()
# define DC_DECLVOID() ()
# define DC_DECLARG(arglist) arglist
# define DC_DECLSEP ;
# define DC_DECLEND ;
#else /* __STDC__ */
# define DC_PROTO(x) x
# define DC_DECLVOID() (void)
# define DC_DECLARG(arglist) (
# define DC_DECLSEP ,
# define DC_DECLEND )
#endif /* __STDC__ */
typedef enum {DC_FALSE, DC_TRUE} dc_boolean;
/* type discriminant for dc_data */
typedef enum {DC_UNINITIALIZED, DC_NUMBER, DC_STRING} dc_value_type;
/* generic pointer for information hiding */
typedef void *Opaque;
/* only dc-math.c knows what dc_num's *really* look like */
typedef Opaque dc_num;
/* only dc-string.c knows what dc_str's *really* look like */
typedef Opaque dc_str;
/* except for the two implementation-specific modules, all
* dc functions only know of this one generic type of object
*/
typedef struct {
dc_value_type dc_type; /* discriminant for union */
union {
dc_num number;
dc_str string;
} v;
} dc_data;
/* This is dc's only global variable: */
extern const char *progname; /* basename of program invocation */
#endif /* not DC_DEFS_H */

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\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
@c %**start of header
@setfilename dc.info
@settitle dc, an arbitrary precision calculator
@c %**end of header
@c This file has the new style title page commands.
@c Run `makeinfo' rather than `texinfo-format-buffer'.
@c smallbook
@c tex
@c \overfullrule=0pt
@c end tex
@c Combine indices.
@synindex cp fn
@syncodeindex vr fn
@syncodeindex ky fn
@syncodeindex pg fn
@syncodeindex tp fn
@ifinfo
This file documents @sc{dc}, an arbitrary precision calculator.
Published by the Free Software Foundation,
675 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
Copyright (C) 1984 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
are preserved on all copies.
@ignore
Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
@end ignore
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
notice identical to this one.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
by the Foundation.
@end ifinfo
@setchapternewpage off
@titlepage
@title dc, an arbitrary precision calculator
@author by Ken Pizzini
@author manual by Richard Stallman
@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
Copyright @copyright{} 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@sp 2
Published by the Free Software Foundation, @*
675 Massachusetts Avenue, @*
Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
are preserved on all copies.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
notice identical to this one.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
by the Foundation.
@end titlepage
@page
@node Top, Introduction, (dir), (dir)
@menu
* Introduction:: Introduction
* Printing Commands:: Printing Commands
* Arithmetic:: Arithmetic
* Stack Control:: Stack Control
* Registers:: Registers
* Parameters:: Parameters
* Strings:: Strings
* Status Inquiry:: Status Inquiry
* Miscellaneous:: Other commands
* Notes:: Notes
@end menu
@node Introduction, Printing Commands, Top, Top
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@chapter Introduction
@sc{dc} is a reverse-polish desk calculator
which supports unlimited precision arithmetic.
It also allows you to define and call macros.
Normally @sc{dc} reads from the standard input;
if any command arguments are given to it, they are filenames,
and @sc{dc} reads and executes the contents of the files
before reading from standard input.
All normal output is to standard output;
all error messages are written to standard error.
To exit, use @samp{q}.
@kbd{C-c} does not exit;
it is used to abort macros that are looping, etc.
(Currently this is not true; @kbd{C-c} does exit.)
A reverse-polish calculator stores numbers on a stack.
Entering a number pushes it on the stack.
Arithmetic operations pop arguments off the stack and push the results.
To enter a number in @sc{dc}, type the digits,
with an optional decimal point.
Exponential notation is not supported.
To enter a negative number, begin the number with @samp{_}.
@samp{-} cannot be used for this, as it is a binary operator
for subtraction instead.
To enter two numbers in succession,
separate them with spaces or newlines.
These have no meaning as commands.
@node Printing Commands, Arithmetic, Introduction, Top
@chapter Printing Commands
@table @samp
@item p
Prints the value on the top of the stack,
without altering the stack.
A newline is printed after the value.
@item P
Prints the value on the top of the stack, popping it off,
and does not print a newline after.
@item f
Prints the entire contents of the stack
@c and the contents of all of the registers,
without altering anything.
This is a good command to use if you are lost or want
to figure out what the effect of some command has been.
@end table
@node Arithmetic, Stack Control, Printing Commands, Top
@chapter Arithmetic
@table @samp
@item +
Pops two values off the stack, adds them, and pushes the result.
The precision of the result is determined only
by the values of the arguments, and is enough to be exact.
@item -
Pops two values, subtracts the first one popped
from the second one popped, and pushes the result.
@item *
Pops two values, multiplies them, and pushes the result.
The number of fraction digits in the result is controlled
by the current precision value (see below) and does not
depend on the values being multiplied.
@item /
Pops two values, divides the second one popped
from the first one popped, and pushes the result.
The number of fraction digits is specified by the precision value.
@item %
Pops two values,
computes the remainder of the division that
the @samp{/} command would do,
and pushes that.
The division is done with as many fraction digits
as the precision value specifies,
and the remainder is also computed with that many fraction digits.
@item ^
Pops two values and exponentiates,
using the first value popped as the exponent
and the second popped as the base.
The fraction part of the exponent is ignored.
The precision value specifies the number of fraction
digits in the result.
@item v
Pops one value, computes its square root, and pushes that.
The precision value specifies the number of fraction digits
in the result.
@end table
Most arithmetic operations are affected by the @emph{precision value},
which you can set with the @samp{k} command.
The default precision value is zero,
which means that all arithmetic except for
addition and subtraction produces integer results.
The remainder operation (@samp{%}) requires some explanation:
applied to arguments @samp{a} and @samp{b}
it produces @samp{a - (b * (a / b))},
where @samp{a / b} is computed in the current precision.
@node Stack Control, Registers, Arithmetic, Top
@chapter Stack Control
@table @samp
@item c
Clears the stack, rendering it empty.
@item d
Duplicates the value on the top of the stack,
pushing another copy of it.
Thus, @samp{4d*p} computes 4 squared and prints it.
@end table
@node Registers, Parameters, Stack Control, Top
@chapter Registers
@sc{dc} provides 256 memory registers, each named by a single character.
You can store a number in a register and retrieve it later.
@table @samp
@item s@var{r}
Pop the value off the top of the stack and
store it into register @var{r}.
@item l@var{r}
Copy the value in register @var{r},
and push it onto the stack.
This does not alter the contents of @var{r}.
Each register also contains its own stack.
The current register value is the top of the register's stack.
@item S@var{r}
Pop the value off the top of the (main) stack and
push it onto the stack of register @var{r}.
The previous value of the register becomes inaccessible.
@item L@var{r}
Pop the value off the top of register @var{r}'s stack
and push it onto the main stack.
The previous value in register @var{r}'s stack, if any,
is now accessible via the @samp{l@var{r}} command.
@end table
@c
@c The @samp{f} command prints a list of all registers that have contents
@c stored in them, together with their contents.
@c Only the current contents of each register (the top of its stack)
@c is printed.
@node Parameters, Strings, Registers, Top
@chapter Parameters
@sc{dc} has three parameters that control its operation:
the precision, the input radix, and the output radix.
The precision specifies the number of fraction digits
to keep in the result of most arithmetic operations.
The input radix controls the interpretation of numbers typed in;
@emph{all} numbers typed in use this radix.
The output radix is used for printing numbers.
The input and output radices are separate parameters;
you can make them unequal, which can be useful or confusing.
The input radix must be between 2 and 36 inclusive.
The output radix must be at least 2.
The precision must be zero or greater.
The precision is always measured in decimal digits,
regardless of the current input or output radix.
@table @samp
@item i
Pops the value off the top of the stack
and uses it to set the input radix.
@item o
Pops the value off the top of the stack
and uses it to set the output radix.
@item k
Pops the value off the top of the stack
and uses it to set the precision.
@item I
Pushes the current input radix on the stack.
@item O
Pushes the current output radix on the stack.
@item K
Pushes the current precision on the stack.
@end table
@node Strings, Status Inquiry, Parameters, Top
@chapter Strings
@sc{dc} can operate on strings as well as on numbers.
The only things you can do with strings are print them
and execute them as macros
(which means that the contents of the string are processed as @sc{dc} commands).
Both registers and the stack can hold strings,
and @sc{dc} always knows whether any given object is a string or a number.
Some commands such as arithmetic operations demand numbers
as arguments and print errors if given strings.
Other commands can accept either a number or a string;
for example, the @samp{p} command can accept either and prints the object
according to its type.
@table @samp
@item [@var{characters}]
Makes a string containing @var{characters} and pushes it on the stack.
For example, @samp{[foo]P} prints the characters @samp{foo}
(with no newline).
@item x
Pops a value off the stack and executes it as a macro.
Normally it should be a string;
if it is a number, it is simply pushed back onto the stack.
For example, @samp{[1p]x} executes the macro @samp{1p},
which pushes 1 on the stack and prints @samp{1} on a separate line.
Macros are most often stored in registers;
@samp{[1p]sa} stores a macro to print @samp{1} into register @samp{a},
and @samp{lax} invokes the macro.
@item >@var{r}
Pops two values off the stack and compares them
assuming they are numbers,
executing the contents of register @var{r} as a macro
if the original top-of-stack is greater.
Thus, @samp{1 2>a} will invoke register @samp{a}'s contents
and @samp{2 1>a} will not.
@item <@var{r}
Similar but invokes the macro if the original top-of-stack is less.
@item =@var{r}
Similar but invokes the macro if the two numbers popped are equal.
@c This can also be validly used to compare two strings for equality.
@item ?
Reads a line from the terminal and executes it.
This command allows a macro to request input from the user.
@item q
During the execution of a macro,
this command exits from the macro and also from the macro which invoked it.
If called from the top level,
or from a macro which was called directly from the top level,
the @samp{q} command will cause @sc{dc} to exit.
@item Q
Pops a value off the stack and uses it as a count
of levels of macro execution to be exited.
Thus, @samp{3Q} exits three levels.
@end table
@node Status Inquiry, Miscellaneous, Strings, Top
@chapter Status Inquiry
@table @samp
@item Z
Pops a value off the stack,
calculates the number of digits it has
(or number of characters, if it is a string)
and pushes that number.
@item X
Pops a value off the stack,
calculates the number of fraction digits it has,
and pushes that number.
For a string, the value pushed is
@c -1.
0.
@item z
Pushes the current stack depth;
the number of objects on the stack
before the execution of the @samp{z} command.
@end table
@node Miscellaneous, Notes, Status Inquiry, Top
@chapter Miscellaneous
@table @samp
@item !
Will run the rest of the line as a system command.
@item #
Will interpret the rest of the line as a comment.
@item :@var{r}
Will pop the top two values off of the stack.
The old second-to-top value will be stored in the array @var{r},
indexed by the old top-of-stack value.
@item ;@var{r}
Pops the top-of-stack and uses it as an index into
the array @var{r}.
The selected value is then pushed onto the stack.
@end table
@node Notes, , Miscellaneous, Top
@chapter Notes
The array operations @samp{:} and @samp{;} are usually
only used by traditional implementations of BC.
(The GNU BC is self contained and does not need @sc{dc} to run.)
The comment operator @samp{#} is a new command
not found in traditional implementations of @sc{dc}.
@contents
@bye

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/*
* evaluate the dc language, from a FILE* or a string
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/* This is the only module which knows about the dc input language */
#include "config.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
# include <string.h> /* memchr */
#else
# ifdef HAVE_MEMORY_H
# include <memory.h> /* memchr, maybe */
# else
# ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
# include <strings.h> /* memchr, maybe */
# endif
#endif
#endif
#include "dc.h"
#include "dc-proto.h"
typedef enum {
DC_OKAY, /* no further intervention needed for this command */
DC_EATONE, /* caller needs to eat the lookahead char */
DC_QUIT, /* quit out of unwind_depth levels of evaluation */
/* with the following return values, the caller does not have to
* fret about rescan_stdin's value
*/
DC_INT, /* caller needs to parse a dc_num from input stream */
DC_STR, /* caller needs to parse a dc_str from input stream */
DC_SYSTEM, /* caller needs to run a system() on next input line */
DC_COMMENT, /* caller needs to skip to the next input line */
DC_EOF_ERROR /* unexpected end of input; abort current eval */
} dc_status;
static int dc_ibase=10; /* input base, 2 <= dc_ibase <= DC_IBASE_MAX */
static int dc_obase=10; /* output base, 2 <= dc_obase */
static int dc_scale=0; /* scale (see user documentaton) */
/* forward reference */
static dc_status dc_evalstr DC_PROTO((dc_data));
/* for Quitting evaluations */
static int unwind_depth=0;
/* if true, active Quit will not exit program */
static dc_boolean unwind_noexit=DC_FALSE;
/* if true, stdin has been mucked with, dc_evalfile() needs to resyncronize */
static dc_boolean rescan_stdin=DC_FALSE;
/* input_fil and input_str are passed as arguments to dc_getnum */
/* used by the input_* functions: */
static FILE *input_fil_fp;
static const char *input_str_string;
/* Since we have a need for two characters of pushback, and
* ungetc() only guarantees one, we place the second pushback here
*/
static int input_pushback;
/* passed as an argument to dc_getnum */
static int
input_fil DC_DECLVOID()
{
if (input_pushback != EOF){
int c = input_pushback;
input_pushback = EOF;
return c;
}
return getc(input_fil_fp);
}
/* passed as an argument to dc_getnum */
static int
input_str DC_DECLVOID()
{
if (!*input_str_string)
return EOF;
return *input_str_string++;
}
/* takes a string and evals it; frees the string when done */
/* Wrapper around dc_evalstr to avoid duplicating the free call
* at all possible return points.
*/
static dc_status
dc_eval_and_free_str DC_DECLARG((string))
dc_data string DC_DECLEND
{
dc_status status;
status = dc_evalstr(string);
if (string.dc_type == DC_STRING)
dc_free_str(&string.v.string);
return status;
}
/* dc_func does the grunt work of figuring out what each input
* character means; used by both dc_evalstr and dc_evalfile
*
* c -> the "current" input character under consideration
* peekc -> the lookahead input character
*/
static dc_status
dc_func DC_DECLARG((c, peekc))
int c DC_DECLSEP
int peekc DC_DECLEND
{
/* we occasionally need these for temporary data */
/* Despite the GNU coding standards, it is much easier
* to have these decared once here, since this function
* is just one big switch statement.
*/
dc_data datum;
int tmpint;
switch (c){
case '_': case '.':
case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
case '8': case '9': case 'A': case 'B':
case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
return DC_INT;
case ' ':
case '\t':
case '\n':
/* standard command separators */
break;
case '+': /* add top two stack elements */
dc_binop(dc_add, dc_scale);
break;
case '-': /* subtract top two stack elements */
dc_binop(dc_sub, dc_scale);
break;
case '*': /* multiply top two stack elements */
dc_binop(dc_mul, dc_scale);
break;
case '/': /* divide top two stack elements */
dc_binop(dc_div, dc_scale);
break;
case '%':
/* take the remainder from division of the top two stack elements */
dc_binop(dc_rem, dc_scale);
break;
case '^': /* exponientiation of the top two stack elements */
dc_binop(dc_exp, dc_scale);
break;
case '<':
/* eval register named by peekc if
* less-than holds for top two stack elements
*/
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_cmpop() < 0)
if (dc_register_get(peekc, &datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
if (dc_eval_and_free_str(datum) == DC_QUIT)
return DC_QUIT;
return DC_EATONE;
case '=':
/* eval register named by peekc if
* equal-to holds for top two stack elements
*/
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_cmpop() == 0)
if (dc_register_get(peekc, &datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
if (dc_eval_and_free_str(datum) == DC_QUIT)
return DC_QUIT;
return DC_EATONE;
case '>':
/* eval register named by peekc if
* greater-than holds for top two stack elements
*/
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_cmpop() > 0)
if (dc_register_get(peekc, &datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
if (dc_eval_and_free_str(datum) == DC_QUIT)
return DC_QUIT;
return DC_EATONE;
case '?': /* read a lnie from standard-input and eval it */
for (c=peekc; c=='\n'; c=getc(stdin))
;
ungetc(c, stdin);
if (dc_eval_and_free_str(dc_readstring(stdin, '\n', '\n')) == DC_QUIT)
return DC_QUIT;
rescan_stdin = DC_TRUE;
return DC_OKAY;
case '[': /* read to balancing ']' into a dc_str */
return DC_STR;
case '!': /* read to newline and call system() on resulting string */
return DC_SYSTEM;
case '#': /* comment; skip remainder of current line */
return DC_COMMENT;
case 'c': /* clear whole stack */
dc_clear_stack();
break;
case 'd': /* duplicate the datum on the top of stack */
if (dc_top_of_stack(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
dc_push(dc_dup(datum));
break;
case 'f': /* print list of all stack items */
dc_printall(dc_obase);
break;
case 'i': /* set input base to value on top of stack */
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
tmpint = 0;
if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
tmpint = dc_num2int(datum.v.number, DC_TRUE);
if ( ! (2 <= tmpint && tmpint <= DC_IBASE_MAX) )
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: input base must be a number \
between 2 and %d (inclusive)\n",
progname, DC_IBASE_MAX);
else
dc_ibase = tmpint;
}
break;
case 'k': /* set scale to value on top of stack */
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
tmpint = -1;
if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
tmpint = dc_num2int(datum.v.number, DC_TRUE);
if ( ! (tmpint >= 0) )
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: scale must be a nonnegative number\n",
progname);
else
dc_scale = tmpint;
}
break;
case 'l': /* "load" -- push value on top of register stack named
* by peekc onto top of evaluation stack; does not
* modify the register stack
*/
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_register_get(peekc, &datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
dc_push(datum);
return DC_EATONE;
case 'o': /* set output base to value on top of stack */
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
tmpint = 0;
if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
tmpint = dc_num2int(datum.v.number, DC_TRUE);
if ( ! (tmpint > 1) )
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: output base must be a number greater than 1\n",
progname);
else
dc_obase = tmpint;
}
break;
case 'p': /* print the datum on the top of stack */
if (dc_top_of_stack(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
dc_print(datum, dc_obase);
break;
case 'q': /* quit two levels of evaluation, posibly exiting program */
unwind_depth = 2;
unwind_noexit = DC_FALSE;
return DC_QUIT;
case 's': /* "store" -- replace top of register stack named
* by peekc with the value popped from the top
* of the evaluation stack
*/
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
dc_register_set(peekc, datum);
return DC_EATONE;
case 'v': /* replace top of stack with its square root */
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
dc_num tmpnum;
if (datum.dc_type != DC_NUMBER){
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: square root of nonnumeric attempted\n",
progname);
}else if (dc_sqrt(datum.v.number, dc_scale, &tmpnum) == DC_SUCCESS){
dc_free_num(&datum.v.number);
datum.v.number = tmpnum;
dc_push(datum);
}
}
break;
case 'x': /* eval the datum popped from top of stack */
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
if (datum.dc_type == DC_STRING){
if (dc_eval_and_free_str(datum) == DC_QUIT)
return DC_QUIT;
}else if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER){
dc_push(datum);
}else{
dc_garbage("at top of stack", -1);
}
}
break;
case 'z': /* push the current stack depth onto the top of stack */
dc_push(dc_int2data(dc_tell_stackdepth()));
break;
case 'I': /* push the current input base onto the stack */
dc_push(dc_int2data(dc_ibase));
break;
case 'K': /* push the current scale onto the stack */
dc_push(dc_int2data(dc_scale));
break;
case 'L': /* pop a value off of register stack named by peekc
* and push it onto the evaluation stack
*/
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_register_pop(peekc, &datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
dc_push(datum);
return DC_EATONE;
case 'O': /* push the current output base onto the stack */
dc_push(dc_int2data(dc_obase));
break;
case 'P': /* print the value popped off of top-of-stack;
* do not add a trailing newline
*/
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
if (datum.dc_type == DC_STRING)
dc_out_str(datum.v.string, DC_FALSE, DC_TRUE);
else if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
dc_out_num(datum.v.number, dc_obase, DC_FALSE, DC_TRUE);
else
dc_garbage("at top of stack", -1);
}
break;
case 'Q': /* quit out of top-of-stack nested evals;
* pops value from stack;
* does not exit program (stops short if necessary)
*/
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
unwind_depth = 0;
unwind_noexit = DC_TRUE;
if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
unwind_depth = dc_num2int(datum.v.number, DC_TRUE);
if (unwind_depth > 0)
return DC_QUIT;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Q command requires a positive number\n",
progname);
}
break;
case 'S': /* pop a value off of the evaluation stack
* and push it onto the register stack named by peekc
*/
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
dc_register_push(peekc, datum);
return DC_EATONE;
case 'X': /* replace the number on top-of-stack with its scale factor */
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
tmpint = 0;
if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
tmpint = dc_tell_scale(datum.v.number, DC_TRUE);
dc_push(dc_int2data(tmpint));
}
break;
case 'Z': /* replace the datum on the top-of-stack with its length */
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS)
dc_push(dc_int2data(dc_tell_length(datum, DC_TRUE)));
break;
case ':': /* store into array */
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
tmpint = -1;
if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
tmpint = dc_num2int(datum.v.number, DC_TRUE);
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
if (tmpint < 0)
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: array index must be a nonnegative integer\n",
progname);
else
dc_array_set(peekc, tmpint, datum);
}
}
return DC_EATONE;
case ';': /* retreive from array */
if (peekc == EOF)
return DC_EOF_ERROR;
if (dc_pop(&datum) == DC_SUCCESS){
tmpint = -1;
if (datum.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
tmpint = dc_num2int(datum.v.number, DC_TRUE);
if (tmpint < 0)
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: array index must be a nonnegative integer\n",
progname);
else
dc_push(dc_array_get(peekc, tmpint));
}
return DC_EATONE;
default: /* What did that user mean? */
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
dc_show_id(stdout, c, " unimplemented\n");
break;
}
return DC_OKAY;
}
/* takes a string and evals it */
static dc_status
dc_evalstr DC_DECLARG((string))
dc_data string DC_DECLEND
{
const char *s;
const char *end;
const char *p;
size_t len;
int c;
int peekc;
int count;
if (string.dc_type != DC_STRING){
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: eval called with non-string argument\n",
progname);
return DC_OKAY;
}
s = dc_str2charp(string.v.string);
end = s + dc_strlen(string.v.string);
while (s < end){
c = *(const unsigned char *)s++;
peekc = EOF;
if (s < end)
peekc = *(const unsigned char *)s;
switch (dc_func(c, peekc)){
case DC_OKAY:
break;
case DC_EATONE:
if (peekc != EOF)
++s;
break;
case DC_QUIT:
if (unwind_depth > 0){
--unwind_depth;
return DC_QUIT;
}
return DC_OKAY;
case DC_INT:
input_str_string = s - 1;
dc_push(dc_getnum(input_str, dc_ibase, &peekc));
s = input_str_string;
if (peekc != EOF)
--s;
break;
case DC_STR:
count = 1;
for (p=s; p<end && count>0; ++p)
if (*p == ']')
--count;
else if (*p == '[')
++count;
len = p - s;
dc_push(dc_makestring(s, len-1));
s = p;
break;
case DC_SYSTEM:
s = dc_system(s);
case DC_COMMENT:
s = memchr(s, '\n', (size_t)(end-s));
if (!s)
s = end;
++s;
break;
case DC_EOF_ERROR:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: unexpected EOS\n", progname);
return DC_OKAY;
}
}
return DC_OKAY;
}
/* This is the main function of the whole DC program.
* Reads the file described by fp, calls dc_func to do
* the dirty work, and takes care of dc_func's shortcomings.
*/
int
dc_evalfile DC_DECLARG((fp))
FILE *fp DC_DECLEND
{
int c;
int peekc;
dc_data datum;
for (c=getc(fp); c!=EOF; c=peekc){
peekc = getc(fp);
rescan_stdin = DC_FALSE;
switch (dc_func(c, peekc)){
case DC_OKAY:
if (rescan_stdin == DC_TRUE && fp == stdin)
peekc = getc(fp);
break;
case DC_EATONE:
peekc = getc(fp);
break;
case DC_QUIT:
if (unwind_noexit != DC_TRUE)
return DC_SUCCESS;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Q command argument exceeded string execution depth\n",
progname);
if (rescan_stdin == DC_TRUE && fp == stdin)
peekc = getc(fp);
break;
case DC_INT:
input_fil_fp = fp;
input_pushback = c;
ungetc(peekc, fp);
dc_push(dc_getnum(input_fil, dc_ibase, &peekc));
break;
case DC_STR:
ungetc(peekc, fp);
datum = dc_readstring(fp, '[', ']');
dc_push(datum);
peekc = getc(fp);
break;
case DC_SYSTEM:
ungetc(peekc, fp);
datum = dc_readstring(stdin, '\n', '\n');
(void)dc_system(dc_str2charp(datum.v.string));
dc_free_str(&datum.v.string);
peekc = getc(fp);
break;
case DC_COMMENT:
while (peekc!=EOF && peekc!='\n')
peekc = getc(fp);
if (peekc != EOF)
peekc = getc(fp);
break;
case DC_EOF_ERROR:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: unexpected EOF\n", progname);
return DC_FAIL;
}
}
return DC_SUCCESS;
}

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/*
* implement the "dc" Desk Calculator language.
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/* Written with strong hiding of implementation details
* in their own specialized modules.
*/
/* This module contains miscelaneous functions that have no
* special knowledge of any private data structures.
* They could all be moved to their own separate modules, but
* are agglomerated here for convenience.
*/
#include "config.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
# include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
# include <string.h>
#else
# ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
# include <strings.h>
# endif
#endif
#include <ctype.h>
#ifndef isgraph
# ifndef HAVE_ISGRAPH
# define isgraph isprint
# endif
#endif
#include "dc.h"
#include "dc-proto.h"
#include "dc-version.h"
#ifndef EXIT_SUCCESS /* C89 <stdlib.h> */
# define EXIT_SUCCESS 0
#endif
#ifndef EXIT_FAILURE /* C89 <stdlib.h> */
# define EXIT_FAILURE 1
#endif
const char *progname; /* basename of program invocation */
/* your generic usage function */
static void
usage DC_DECLARG((f))
FILE *f DC_DECLEND
{
fprintf(f, "Usage: %s [OPTION]\n", progname);
fprintf(f, " --help display this help and exit\n");
fprintf(f, " --version output version information and exit\n");
}
/* returns a pointer to one past the last occurance of c in s,
* or s if c does not occur in s.
*/
static char *
r1bindex DC_DECLARG((s, c))
char *s DC_DECLSEP
int c DC_DECLEND
{
char *p = strrchr(s, c);
if (!p)
return s;
return p + 1;
}
int
main DC_DECLARG((argc, argv))
int argc DC_DECLSEP
char **argv DC_DECLEND
{
progname = r1bindex(*argv, '/');
if (argc>1 && strcmp(argv[1], "--version")==0){
printf("%s\n", Version);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}else if (argc>1 && strcmp(argv[1], "--help")==0){
usage(stdout);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}else if (argc==2 && strcmp(argv[1], "--")==0){
/*just ignore it*/
}else if (argc != 1){
usage(stderr);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
dc_math_init();
dc_string_init();
dc_register_init();
dc_array_init();
dc_evalfile(stdin);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
/* print an "out of memory" diagnostic and exit program */
void
dc_memfail DC_DECLVOID()
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s: out of memory\n", progname);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* malloc or die */
void *
dc_malloc DC_DECLARG((len))
size_t len DC_DECLEND
{
void *result = malloc(len);
if (!result)
dc_memfail();
return result;
}
/* print the id in a human-understandable form
* fp is the output stream to place the output on
* id is the name of the register (or command) to be printed
* suffix is a modifier (such as "stack") to be printed
*/
void
dc_show_id DC_DECLARG((fp, id, suffix))
FILE *fp DC_DECLSEP
int id DC_DECLSEP
const char *suffix DC_DECLEND
{
if (isgraph(id))
fprintf(fp, "'%c' (%#o)%s", id, id, suffix);
else
fprintf(fp, "%#o%s", id, suffix);
}
/* report that corrupt data has been detected;
* use the msg and regid (if nonnegative) to give information
* about where the garbage was found,
*
* will abort() so that a debugger might be used to help find
* the bug
*/
/* If this routine is called, then there is a bug in the code;
* i.e. it is _not_ a data or user error
*/
void
dc_garbage DC_DECLARG((msg, regid))
const char *msg DC_DECLSEP
int regid DC_DECLEND
{
if (regid < 0){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: garbage %s\n", progname, msg);
}else{
fprintf(stderr, "%s:%s register ", progname, msg);
dc_show_id(stderr, regid, " is garbage\n");
}
abort();
}
/* call system() with the passed string;
* if the string contains a newline, terminate the string
* there before calling system.
* Return a pointer to the first unused character in the string
* (i.e. past the '\n' if there was one, to the '\0' otherwise).
*/
const char *
dc_system DC_DECLARG((s))
const char *s DC_DECLEND
{
const char *p;
char *tmpstr;
size_t len;
p = strchr(s, '\n');
if (p){
len = p - s;
tmpstr = dc_malloc(len + 1);
strncpy(tmpstr, s, len);
tmpstr[len] = '\0';
system(tmpstr);
free(tmpstr);
return p + 1;
}
system(s);
return s + strlen(s);
}
/* print out the indicated value */
void
dc_print DC_DECLARG((value, obase))
dc_data value DC_DECLSEP
int obase DC_DECLEND
{
if (value.dc_type == DC_NUMBER){
dc_out_num(value.v.number, obase, DC_TRUE, DC_FALSE);
}else if (value.dc_type == DC_STRING){
dc_out_str(value.v.string, DC_TRUE, DC_FALSE);
}else{
dc_garbage("in data being printed", -1);
}
}
/* return a duplicate of the passed value, regardless of type */
dc_data
dc_dup DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_data value DC_DECLEND
{
if (value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER && value.dc_type!=DC_STRING)
dc_garbage("in value being duplicated", -1);
if (value.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
return dc_dup_num(value.v.number);
/*else*/
return dc_dup_str(value.v.string);
}

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/*
* implement stack functions for dc
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/* This module is the only one that knows what stacks (both the
* regular evaluation stack and the named register stacks)
* look like.
*/
#include "config.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
# include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#include "dc.h"
#include "dc-proto.h"
#include "dc-regdef.h"
/* an oft-used error message: */
#define Empty_Stack fprintf(stderr, "%s: stack empty\n", progname)
/* simple linked-list implementaion suffices: */
struct dc_list {
dc_data value;
struct dc_list *link;
};
typedef struct dc_list dc_list;
/* the anonymous evaluation stack */
static dc_list *dc_stack=NULL;
/* the named register stacks */
static dc_list *dc_register[DC_REGCOUNT];
/* allocate a new dc_list item */
static dc_list *
dc_alloc DC_DECLVOID()
{
dc_list *result;
result = dc_malloc(sizeof *result);
result->value.dc_type = DC_UNINITIALIZED;
result->link = NULL;
return result;
}
/* check that there are two numbers on top of the stack,
* then call op with the popped numbers. Construct a dc_data
* value from the dc_num returned by op and push it
* on the stack.
* If the op call doesn't return DC_SUCCESS, then leave the stack
* unmodified.
*/
void
dc_binop DC_DECLARG((op, kscale))
int (*op)DC_PROTO((dc_num, dc_num, int, dc_num *)) DC_DECLSEP
int kscale DC_DECLEND
{
dc_data a;
dc_data b;
dc_data r;
if (!dc_stack || !dc_stack->link){
Empty_Stack;
return;
}
if (dc_stack->value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER
|| dc_stack->link->value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: non-numeric value\n", progname);
return;
}
(void)dc_pop(&b);
(void)dc_pop(&a);
if ((*op)(a.v.number, b.v.number, kscale, &r.v.number) == DC_SUCCESS){
r.dc_type = DC_NUMBER;
dc_push(r);
dc_free_num(&a.v.number);
dc_free_num(&b.v.number);
}else{
/* op failed; restore the stack */
dc_push(a);
dc_push(b);
}
}
/* check that there are two numbers on top of the stack,
* then call dc_compare with the popped numbers.
* Return negative, zero, or positive based on the ordering
* of the two numbers.
*/
int
dc_cmpop DC_DECLVOID()
{
int result;
dc_data a;
dc_data b;
if (!dc_stack || !dc_stack->link){
Empty_Stack;
return 0;
}
if (dc_stack->value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER
|| dc_stack->link->value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: non-numeric value\n", progname);
return 0;
}
(void)dc_pop(&b);
(void)dc_pop(&a);
result = dc_compare(b.v.number, a.v.number);
dc_free_num(&a.v.number);
dc_free_num(&b.v.number);
return result;
}
/* initialize the register stacks to their initial values */
void
dc_register_init DC_DECLVOID()
{
int i;
for (i=0; i<DC_REGCOUNT; ++i)
dc_register[i] = NULL;
}
/* clear the evaluation stack */
void
dc_clear_stack DC_DECLVOID()
{
dc_list *n;
dc_list *t;
for (n=dc_stack; n; n=t){
t = n->link;
if (n->value.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
dc_free_num(&n->value.v.number);
else if (n->value.dc_type == DC_STRING)
dc_free_str(&n->value.v.string);
else
dc_garbage("in stack", -1);
free(n);
}
dc_stack = NULL;
}
/* push a value onto the evaluation stack */
void
dc_push DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_data value DC_DECLEND
{
dc_list *n = dc_alloc();
if (value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER && value.dc_type!=DC_STRING)
dc_garbage("in data being pushed", -1);
n->value = value;
n->link = dc_stack;
dc_stack = n;
}
/* push a value onto the named register stack */
void
dc_register_push DC_DECLARG((stackid, value))
int stackid DC_DECLSEP
dc_data value DC_DECLEND
{
dc_list *n = dc_alloc();
stackid = regmap(stackid);
n->value = value;
n->link = dc_register[stackid];
dc_register[stackid] = n;
}
/* set *result to the value on the top of the evaluation stack */
/* The caller is responsible for duplicating the value if it
* is to be maintained as anything more than a transient identity.
*
* DC_FAIL is returned if the stack is empty (and *result unchanged),
* DC_SUCCESS is returned otherwise
*/
int
dc_top_of_stack DC_DECLARG((result))
dc_data *result DC_DECLEND
{
if (!dc_stack){
Empty_Stack;
return DC_FAIL;
}
if (dc_stack->value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER
&& dc_stack->value.dc_type!=DC_STRING)
dc_garbage("at top of stack", -1);
*result = dc_stack->value;
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* set *result to a dup of the value on the top of the named register stack */
/*
* DC_FAIL is returned if the named stack is empty (and *result unchanged),
* DC_SUCCESS is returned otherwise
*/
int
dc_register_get DC_DECLARG((regid, result))
int regid DC_DECLSEP
dc_data *result DC_DECLEND
{
dc_list *r;
regid = regmap(regid);
r = dc_register[regid];
if ( ! r ){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: register ", progname);
dc_show_id(stderr, regid, " is empty\n");
return DC_FAIL;
}
*result = dc_dup(r->value);
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* set the top of the named register stack to the indicated value */
/* If the named stack is empty, craft a stack entry to enter the
* value into.
*/
void
dc_register_set DC_DECLARG((regid, value))
int regid DC_DECLSEP
dc_data value DC_DECLEND
{
dc_list *r;
regid = regmap(regid);
r = dc_register[regid];
if ( ! r )
dc_register[regid] = dc_alloc();
else if (r->value.dc_type == DC_NUMBER)
dc_free_num(&r->value.v.number);
else if (r->value.dc_type == DC_STRING)
dc_free_str(&r->value.v.string);
else
dc_garbage("", regid);
dc_register[regid]->value = value;
}
/* pop from the evaluation stack
*
* DC_FAIL is returned if the stack is empty (and *result unchanged),
* DC_SUCCESS is returned otherwise
*/
int
dc_pop DC_DECLARG((result))
dc_data *result DC_DECLEND
{
dc_list *r;
r = dc_stack;
if (!r){
Empty_Stack;
return DC_FAIL;
}
if (r->value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER && r->value.dc_type!=DC_STRING)
dc_garbage("at top of stack", -1);
*result = r->value;
dc_stack = r->link;
free(r);
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* pop from the named register stack
*
* DC_FAIL is returned if the named stack is empty (and *result unchanged),
* DC_SUCCESS is returned otherwise
*/
int
dc_register_pop DC_DECLARG((stackid, result))
int stackid DC_DECLSEP
dc_data *result DC_DECLEND
{
dc_list *r;
stackid = regmap(stackid);
r = dc_register[stackid];
if (!r){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: stack register ", progname);
dc_show_id(stderr, stackid, " is empty\n");
return DC_FAIL;
}
if (r->value.dc_type!=DC_NUMBER && r->value.dc_type!=DC_STRING)
dc_garbage(" stack", stackid);
*result = r->value;
dc_register[stackid] = r->link;
free(r);
return DC_SUCCESS;
}
/* tell how many entries are currently on the evaluation stack */
int
dc_tell_stackdepth DC_DECLVOID()
{
dc_list *n;
int depth=0;
for (n=dc_stack; n; n=n->link)
++depth;
return depth;
}
/* return the length of the indicated data value;
* if discard_flag is true, the deallocate the value when done
*
* The definition of a datum's length is deligated to the
* appropriate module.
*/
int
dc_tell_length DC_DECLARG((value, discard_flag))
dc_data value DC_DECLSEP
dc_boolean discard_flag DC_DECLEND
{
int length;
if (value.dc_type == DC_NUMBER){
length = dc_numlen(value.v.number);
if (discard_flag == DC_TRUE)
dc_free_num(&value.v.number);
} else if (value.dc_type == DC_STRING) {
length = dc_strlen(value.v.string);
if (discard_flag == DC_TRUE)
dc_free_str(&value.v.string);
} else {
dc_garbage("in tell_length", -1);
/*NOTREACHED*/
length = 0; /*just to suppress spurious compiler warnings*/
}
return length;
}
/* print out all of the values on the evaluation stack */
void
dc_printall DC_DECLARG((obase))
int obase DC_DECLEND
{
dc_list *n;
for (n=dc_stack; n; n=n->link)
dc_print(n->value, obase);
}

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/*
* implement string functions for dc
*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, you can either send email to this
* program's author (see below) or write to: The Free Software Foundation,
* Inc.; 675 Mass Ave. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/* This should be the only module that knows the internals of type dc_string */
#include "config.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_STDDEF_H
# include <stddef.h> /* ptrdiff_t */
#else
# define ptrdiff_t size_t
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
# include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
# include <string.h> /* memcpy */
#else
# ifdef HAVE_MEMORY_H
# include <memory.h> /* memcpy, maybe */
# else
# ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
# include <strings.h> /* memcpy, maybe */
# endif
# endif
#endif
#include "dc.h"
#include "dc-proto.h"
struct dc_string {
char *s_ptr; /* pointer to base of string */
size_t s_len; /* length of counted string */
int s_refs; /* reference count to cut down on memory use by duplicates */
};
/* return a duplicate of the string in the passed value */
/* The mismatched data types forces the caller to deal with
* bad dc_type'd dc_data values, and makes it more convenient
* for the caller to not have to do the grunge work of setting
* up a dc_type result.
*/
dc_data
dc_dup_str DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_str value DC_DECLEND
{
dc_data result;
++((struct dc_string *)value)->s_refs;
result.v.string = value;
result.dc_type = DC_STRING;
return result;
}
/* free an instance of a dc_str value */
void
dc_free_str DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_str *value DC_DECLEND
{
struct dc_string *string = *value;
if (--string->s_refs < 1){
free(string->s_ptr);
free(string);
}
}
/* Output a dc_str value.
* Add a trailing newline if "newline" is set.
* Free the value after use if discard_flag is set.
*/
void
dc_out_str DC_DECLARG((value, newline, discard_flag))
dc_str value DC_DECLSEP
dc_boolean newline DC_DECLSEP
dc_boolean discard_flag DC_DECLEND
{
struct dc_string *string = value;
printf("%s", string->s_ptr);
if (newline == DC_TRUE)
printf("\n");
if (discard_flag == DC_TRUE)
dc_free_str(&value);
}
/* make a copy of a string (base s, length len)
* into a dc_str value; return a dc_data result
* with this value
*/
dc_data
dc_makestring DC_DECLARG((s, len))
const char *s DC_DECLSEP
size_t len DC_DECLEND
{
dc_data result;
struct dc_string *string;
string = dc_malloc(sizeof *string);
string->s_ptr = dc_malloc(len+1);
memcpy(string->s_ptr, s, len);
string->s_ptr[len] = '\0'; /* nul terminated for those who need it */
string->s_len = len;
string->s_refs = 1;
result.v.string = string;
result.dc_type = DC_STRING;
return result;
}
/* read a dc_str value from FILE *fp;
* if ldelim == rdelim, then read until a ldelim char or EOF is reached;
* if ldelim != rdelim, then read until a matching rdelim for the
* (already eaten) first ldelim is read.
* Return a dc_data result with the dc_str value as its contents.
*/
dc_data
dc_readstring DC_DECLARG((fp, ldelim, rdelim))
FILE *fp DC_DECLSEP
int ldelim DC_DECLSEP
int rdelim DC_DECLEND
{
static char *line_buf = NULL; /* a buffer to build the string in */
static size_t buflen = 0; /* the current size of line_buf */
int depth=1;
int c;
char *p;
const char *end;
if (!line_buf){
/* initial buflen should be large enough to handle most cases */
buflen = 2016;
line_buf = dc_malloc(buflen);
}
p = line_buf;
end = line_buf + buflen;
for (;;){
c = getc(fp);
if (c == EOF)
break;
else if (c == rdelim && --depth < 1)
break;
else if (c == ldelim)
++depth;
if (p >= end){
ptrdiff_t offset = p - line_buf;
/* buflen increment should be big enough
* to avoid execessive reallocs:
*/
buflen += 2048;
line_buf = realloc(line_buf, buflen);
if (!line_buf)
dc_memfail();
p = line_buf + offset;
end = line_buf + buflen;
}
*p++ = c;
}
return dc_makestring(line_buf, (size_t)(p-line_buf));
}
/* return the base pointer of the dc_str value;
* This function is needed because no one else knows what dc_str
* looks like.
*/
const char *
dc_str2charp DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_str value DC_DECLEND
{
return ((struct dc_string *)value)->s_ptr;
}
/* return the length of the dc_str value;
* This function is needed because no one else knows what dc_str
* looks like, and strlen(dc_str2charp(value)) won't work
* if there's an embedded '\0'.
*/
size_t
dc_strlen DC_DECLARG((value))
dc_str value DC_DECLEND
{
return ((struct dc_string *)value)->s_len;
}
/* initialize the strings subsystem */
void
dc_string_init DC_DECLVOID()
{
/* nothing to do for this implementation */
}