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.\" $NetBSD: installboot.8,v 1.1 1997/03/14 02:40:32 perry Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1997 Perry E. Metzger. All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 1996, 1997 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Paul Kranenburg. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by Paul Kranenburg.
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.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd March 14, 1997
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.Dt INSTALLBOOT 8 i386
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm installboot
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.Nd install disk bootstrap software
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm installboot
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.Op Fl nvf
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.Ar bootfile
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.Ar rawdiskdevice
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm installboot
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utility prepares a disk for bootstrapping.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nx /i386
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disk bootstrap software is split into two parts:
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a small first-stage boot program that is written into the disklabel
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area of a disk and a second-stage boot program that resides in a FFS file
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system on the disk (named
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.Pa /boot ) .
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Both parts of the boot are derived from a single object file
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which is split by
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.Nm
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during the installation process.
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The first-stage boot program is loaded into memory by the BIOS.
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After receiving control of the system, it loads the
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second-stage boot program from a set of filesystem block numbers that
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have been hard-coded into it by
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.Nm
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during execution.
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The second-stage boot program then locates and loads the kernel.
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.Pp
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Note: so that the
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.Pa /boot
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file can be installed on the bootable partition, the partition must be
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mounted before
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.Nm
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is run.
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.Pp
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The options recognized by
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.Nm installboot
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are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width flag
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.It Fl n
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Do not actually write anything on the disk.
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.It Fl v
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Verbose mode.
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.It Fl f
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Force a write of the boot blocks (with the first stage put at offset
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zero) even if no disk label is detected.
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This is useful if there is no disk label (as is often the case with
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floppy or vnode devices).
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.El
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.Pp
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The arguments are:
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.Bl -tag -width rawdiskdevice
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.It Ar bootfile
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The name of the special object file
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(typically
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.Pa /usr/mdec/biosboot.sym )
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where the first and second stage boot programs to be installed reside.
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.It Ar rawdiskdevice
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The name of the device corresponding to the raw whole-disk partition (the
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.Dq raw partition )
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of the disk on which the first-stage boot program is to be installed.
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Assuming the file containing the boot program is in its typical place,
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and you wished to make
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.Pa /dev/fd0a
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bootable. One might first mount
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.Pa /dev/fd0a
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on
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.Pa /mnt ,
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and in the case that there is already a file named
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.Pa boot
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in that directory, remove it.
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To install the boot blocks, one then would issue the command:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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installboot -f /usr/mdec/biosboot.sym /dev/rfd0a
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.Ed
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Note that the -f option is needed if the floppy is unlabeled -- see
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.Xr disklabel 8 .
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.Sh BUGS
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The NetBSD/i386 boot blocks can only read from the first 1024
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cylinders of the disk because they use the BIOS to do their I/O. Thus,
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it is advisable that
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.Dq a
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partitions reside entirely within the first 1024 cylinders.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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requires simultaneous access to the mounted file system and
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the disks' raw partition.
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That is not allowed with the kernel
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.Dv securelevel
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variable
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.Po
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see
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.Xr sysctl 8
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.Pc
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set to a value greater than one, or with
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.Dv securelevel
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set to one if the
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.Dq boot
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program resides in a file system on the disk's raw partition.
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.Sh "SEE ALSO"
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.Xr boot 8 ,
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.Xr disklabel 8 ,
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.Xr init 8 ,
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.Xr sysctl 8 ,
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.Xr vnd 4
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.Sh HISTORY
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The NetBSD/i386
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.Nm
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command first appeared in
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.Nx 1.3 .
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