generate strtou.3 from strtoi.3, grammar police
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# $NetBSD: Makefile.inc,v 1.96 2024/01/19 18:41:30 christos Exp $
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# $NetBSD: Makefile.inc,v 1.97 2024/01/20 16:45:07 christos Exp $
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# from: @(#)Makefile.inc 8.3 (Berkeley) 2/4/95
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# stdlib sources
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@ -62,6 +62,12 @@ MAN+= a64l.3 abort.3 abs.3 alloca.3 atexit.3 atof.3 atoi.3 atol.3 atoll.3 \
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tsearch.3 \
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unlockpt.3
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strtou.3: strtoi.3
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${_MKTARGET_CREATE}
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${TOOL_SED} -e s/strtoi/strtou/g -e s/STRTOI/STRTOU/g \
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-e s/intmax_t/uintmax_t/g -e s/%jd/%ju/g ${.ALLSRC} > ${.TARGET}
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CLEANFILES += strtou.3
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MLINKS+=a64l.3 l64a.3
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MLINKS+=a64l.3 l64a_r.3
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MLINKS+=abs.3 labs.3 \
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: strtoi.3,v 1.8 2024/01/20 16:13:39 christos Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: strtoi.3,v 1.9 2024/01/20 16:45:07 christos Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ or the range given was invalid, i.e.
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.Fa hi .
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.El
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.Pp
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The range check is important than the unconverted characters check,
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The range check is more important than the unconverted characters check,
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and it is performed first.
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If a program needs to know if there were unconverted characters when an
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out of range number has been provided, it needs to supply and test
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@ -1,240 +0,0 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: strtou.3,v 1.8 2024/01/20 16:13:39 christos Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
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.\" on Information Processing Systems.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" from: @(#)strtoul.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\"
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.\" Created by Kamil Rytarowski, based on ID:
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.\" NetBSD: strtoul.3,v 1.29 2015/03/10 13:00:58 christos Exp
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.\"
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.Dd January 20, 2024
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.Dt STRTOU 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm strtou
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.Nd convert a string value to an uintmax_t integer
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In inttypes.h
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.Ft uintmax_t
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.Fo strtou
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.Fa "const char * restrict nptr"
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.Fa "char ** restrict endptr"
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.Fa "int base"
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.Fa "uintmax_t lo"
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.Fa "uintmax_t hi"
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.Fa "int *rstatus"
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.Fc
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn strtou
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function converts the string in
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.Fa nptr
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to an
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.Ft uintmax_t
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value.
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The
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.Fn strtou
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function uses internally
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.Xr strtoumax 3
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and ensures that the result is always in the range [
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.Fa lo ..
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.Fa hi
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].
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In adddition it always places
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.Dv 0
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on success or a conversion status in the
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.Fa rstatus
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argument, avoiding the
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.Dv errno
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gymnastics the other functions require.
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The
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.Fa rstatus
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argument can be
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.Dv NULL
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if conversion status is to be ignored.
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.Pp
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The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space
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(as determined by
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.Xr isspace 3 )
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followed by a single optional
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.Ql +
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or
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.Ql -
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sign.
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If
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.Fa base
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is zero or 16,
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the string may then include a
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.Ql 0x
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or
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.Ql 0X
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prefix,
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and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise,
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.\" if the
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.\" .Fa base
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.\" is zero or 2,
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.\" the string may then include a
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.\" .Ql 0b
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.\" or
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.\" .Ql 0B
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.\" prefix,
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.\" and the number will be read in base 2; otherwise,
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a zero
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.Fa base
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is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character is
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.Ql 0 ,
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in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
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.Pp
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The remainder of the string is converted to an
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.Em uintmax_t
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value in the obvious manner,
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stopping at the end of the string
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or at the first character which is not a valid digit
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in the given base.
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(In bases above 10, the letter
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.Ql A
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in either upper or lower case
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represents 10,
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.Ql B
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represents 11, and so forth, with
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.Ql Z
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representing 35.)
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.Pp
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If
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.Fa endptr
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is non-nil,
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.Fn strtou
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stores the address of the first invalid character in
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.Fa *endptr .
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If there were no digits at all, however,
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.Fn strtou
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stores the original value of
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.Fa nptr
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in
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.Fa *endptr .
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(Thus, if
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.Fa *nptr
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is not
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.Ql \e0
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but
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.Fa **endptr
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is
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.Ql \e0
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on return, the entire string was valid.)
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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The
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.Fn strtou
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function
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always returns the closest value in the range specified by
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the
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.Fa lo
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and
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.Fa hi
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arguments.
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.Pp
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The
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.Va errno
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value is guaranteed to be left unchanged.
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.Pp
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Errors are stored as the conversion status in the
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.Fa rstatus
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argument.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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The following example will always return a number in
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.Dv [1..99]
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range no matter what the input is, and warn if the conversion failed.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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int e;
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uintmax_t lval = strtou(buf, NULL, 0, 1, 99, &e);
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if (e)
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warnc(e, "conversion of `%s' to a number failed, using %ju",
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buf, lval);
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.Ed
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.Sh ERRORS
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er ECANCELED
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The string did not contain any characters that were converted.
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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The
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.Ar base
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is not between 2 and 36 and does not contain the special value 0.
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.It Bq Er ENOTSUP
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The string contained non-numeric characters that did not get converted.
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In this case,
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.Fa endptr
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points to the first unconverted character.
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.It Bq Er ERANGE
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The given string was out of range; the value converted has been clamped;
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or the range given was invalid, i.e.
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.Fa lo
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>
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.Fa hi .
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.El
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.Pp
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The range check is important than the unconverted characters check,
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and it is performed first.
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If a program needs to know if there were unconverted characters when an
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out of range number has been provided, it needs to supply and test
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.Fa endptr.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr atof 3 ,
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.Xr atoi 3 ,
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.Xr atol 3 ,
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.Xr atoll 3 ,
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.Xr strtod 3 ,
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.Xr strtoi 3 ,
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.Xr strtoimax 3 ,
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.Xr strtol 3 ,
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.Xr strtoll 3 ,
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.Xr strtoul 3 ,
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.Xr strtoull 3 ,
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.Xr strtoumax 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Fn strtou
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function is a
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.Nx
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extension.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn strtou
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function first appeared in
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.Nx 7 .
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.Ox
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introduced the
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.Fn strtonum 3
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function for the same purpose, but the interface makes it impossible to
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properly differentiate illegal returns.
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.Sh BUGS
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Ignores the current locale.
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