fix mdoc references
This commit is contained in:
fair
parent
f327fee4ca
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03324faa09
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: _exit.2,v 1.8 1997/07/14 23:19:49 kleink Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: _exit.2,v 1.9 1998/04/28 22:28:30 fair Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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@ -46,8 +46,7 @@
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn _exit
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function
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terminates a process with the following consequences:
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function terminates a process with the following consequences:
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.Bl -bullet
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.It
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All of the descriptors open in the calling process are closed.
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@ -55,7 +54,7 @@ This may entail delays, for example, waiting for output to drain;
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a process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying.
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.It
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If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding
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.Xr wait
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.Xr wait 2
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call
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or catches the
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.Dv SIGCHLD
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@ -109,6 +108,6 @@ can never return.
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.Xr exit 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Nm _exit
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.Fn _exit
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function conforms to
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.St -p1003.1-90 .
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: brk.2,v 1.10 1998/02/02 05:20:25 perry Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: brk.2,v 1.11 1998/04/28 22:28:30 fair Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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@ -54,9 +54,8 @@ left over from earlier days before the advent of virtual memory management.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn brk
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function
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sets the break or lowest address
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of a process's data segment (uninitialized data) to
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function sets the break or lowest address of a process's data
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segment (uninitialized data) to
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.Fa addr
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(immediately above bss).
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Data addressing is restricted between
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@ -67,8 +66,8 @@ Memory is allocated by
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in page size pieces;
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if
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.Fa addr
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is not evenly divisible by the system page size, it is
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increased to the next page boundary.
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is not evenly divisible by the system page size, it is increased
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to the next page boundary.
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.Pp
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.\" The
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.\" .Nm sbrk
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@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ increased to the next page boundary.
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.\" .Pp
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The current value of the program break is reliably returned by
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.Dq Li sbrk(0)
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(see also
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(see also
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.Xr end 3 ) .
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The
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.Xr getrlimit 2
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@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ it will not be possible to set the break
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beyond the
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.Em rlim_max
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value returned from a call to
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.Xr getrlimit ,
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.Xr getrlimit 2 ,
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e.g.
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.Dq etext + rlp\(->rlim_max.
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(see
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@ -141,13 +140,12 @@ to support the expansion.
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.Xr malloc 3 ,
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.Xr end 3
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.Sh BUGS
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Setting the break may fail due to a temporary lack of
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swap space. It is not possible to distinguish this
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from a failure caused by exceeding the maximum size of
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the data segment without consulting
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.Xr getrlimit .
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Setting the break may fail due to a temporary lack of swap space.
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It is not possible to distinguish this from a failure caused by
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exceeding the maximum size of the data segment without consulting
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.Xr getrlimit 2 .
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.Sh HISTORY
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A
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.Fn brk
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function call appeared in
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function call appeared in
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.At v7 .
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: close.2,v 1.6 1997/07/14 23:19:53 kleink Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: close.2,v 1.7 1998/04/28 22:28:30 fair Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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@ -46,52 +46,63 @@
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn close
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call deletes a descriptor from the per-process object
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system call deletes a descriptor from the per-process object
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reference table.
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If this is the last reference to the underlying object, the
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object will be deactivated.
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For example, on the last close of a file
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the current
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For example, on the last close of a file the current
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.Em seek
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pointer associated with the file is lost;
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on the last close of a
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pointer associated with the file is lost; on the last close of a
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.Xr socket 2
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associated naming information and queued data are discarded;
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on the last close of a file holding an advisory lock
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the lock is released (see further
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associated naming information and queued data are discarded; on
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the last close of a file holding an advisory lock the lock is
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released (see
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.Xr flock 2 ) .
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.Pp
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When a process exits,
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all associated file descriptors are freed, but since there is
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a limit on active descriptors per processes, the
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When a process exits, all associated descriptors are freed, but
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since there is a limit on active descriptors per processes, the
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.Fn close
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function call
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system call
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is useful when a large quantity of file descriptors are being handled.
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.Pp
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When a process forks (see
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.Xr fork 2 ) ,
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When a process calls
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.Xr fork 2 ,
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all descriptors for the new child process reference the same
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objects as they did in the parent before the fork.
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objects as they did in the parent before the
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.Fn fork .
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If a new process is then to be run using
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.Xr execve 2 ,
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the process would normally inherit these descriptors. Most
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of the descriptors can be rearranged with
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the process would normally inherit these descriptors.
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Most of the descriptors can be rearranged with
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.Xr dup2 2
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or deleted with
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.Fn close
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before the
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.Xr execve
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is attempted, but if some of these descriptors will still
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be needed if the execve fails, it is necessary to arrange for them
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to be closed if the execve succeeds.
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For this reason, the call
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.Dq Li fcntl(d, F_SETFD, 1)
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.Fn execve
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is attempted, but if some of these descriptors will still be needed if the
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.Fn execve
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fails, it is necessary to arrange for them to be closed only if the
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.Fn execve
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succeeds.
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For this reason, the system call
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.Bl -item -offset indent
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.It
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.Fn fcntl d F_SETFD 1 ;
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.El
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.Pp
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is provided,
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which arranges that a descriptor will be closed after a successful
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execve; the call
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.Dq Li fcntl(d, F_SETFD, 0)
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restores the default,
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which is to not close the descriptor.
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which arranges that a descriptor
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.Dq Fa d
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will be closed after a successful
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.Fn execve ;
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the system call
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.Bl -item -offset indent
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.It
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.Fn fcntl d F_SETFD 0 ;
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.El
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.Pp
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restores the default, which is to not close descriptor
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.Dq Fa d .
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned.
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Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and the global integer variable
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@ -109,13 +120,13 @@ An interrupt was received.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr accept 2 ,
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.Xr execve 2 ,
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.Xr fcntl 2 ,
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.Xr flock 2 ,
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.Xr open 2 ,
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.Xr pipe 2 ,
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.Xr socket 2 ,
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.Xr socketpair 2 ,
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.Xr execve 2 ,
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.Xr fcntl 2
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.Xr socketpair 2
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Fn close
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|
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: fcntl.2,v 1.11 1997/11/06 10:44:09 fair Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: fcntl.2,v 1.12 1998/04/28 22:28:30 fair Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
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.Os BSD 4.2
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm fcntl
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.Nd file control
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.Nd file descriptor control
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <fcntl.h>
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.Ft int
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@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ taken as a pointer to a
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.Fa "struct flock"
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(see above).
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The information retrieved overwrites the information passed to
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.Nm fcntl
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.Nm
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in the
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.Fa flock
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structure.
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@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ or exclusive (or write) locks,
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as well as remove either type of lock
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.Dv (F_UNLCK) .
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If a shared or exclusive lock cannot be set,
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.Nm fcntl
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.Nm
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returns immediately with
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.Er EAGAIN .
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.It Dv F_SETLKW
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@ -204,9 +204,9 @@ This command is the same as
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except that if a shared or exclusive lock is blocked by other locks,
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the process waits until the request can be satisfied.
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If a signal that is to be caught is received while
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.Nm fcntl
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.Nm
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is waiting for a region, the
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.Nm fcntl
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.Nm
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will be interrupted if the signal handler has not specified the
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.Dv SA_RESTART
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(see
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@ -289,7 +289,9 @@ request fails or blocks respectively when another process has existing
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locks on bytes in the specified region and the type of any of those
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locks conflicts with the type specified in the request.
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.Pp
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This interface follows the completely stupid semantics of System V and
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This interface follows the completely stupid semantics of
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.At V
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and
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.St -p1003.1-88
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that require that all locks associated with a file for a given process are
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removed when \fIany\fP file descriptor for that file is closed by that process.
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@ -297,10 +299,10 @@ This semantic means that applications must be aware of any files that
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a subroutine library may access.
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For example if an application for updating the password file locks the
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password file database while making the update, and then calls
|
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.Xr getpwname 3
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.Xr getpwnam 3
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to retrieve a record,
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the lock will be lost because
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.Xr getpwname 3
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.Xr getpwnam 3
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opens, reads, and closes the password database.
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The database close will release all locks that the process has
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associated with the database, even if the library routine never
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@ -313,7 +315,8 @@ The
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.Xr flock 2
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interface has much more rational last close semantics and
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allows locks to be inherited by child processes.
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.Xr Flock 2
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Calling
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.Xr flock 2
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is recommended for applications that want to ensure the integrity
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of their locks when using library routines or wish to pass locks
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to their children.
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@ -475,7 +478,7 @@ the process ID given as argument is not in use.
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.Xr flock 2 ,
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.Xr open 2 ,
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.Xr getdtablesize 3 ,
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.Xr sigaction 3
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.Xr sigaction 2
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Fn fcntl
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|
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: fork.2,v 1.8 1997/07/14 23:19:57 kleink Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: fork.2,v 1.9 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
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|
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@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ for instance, file pointers in file objects are shared between
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the child and the parent, so that an
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.Xr lseek 2
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on a descriptor in the child process can affect a subsequent
|
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.Xr read
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.Xr read 2
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or
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.Xr write
|
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.Xr write 2
|
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by the parent.
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This descriptor copying is also used by the shell to
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establish standard input and output for newly created processes
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@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ Upon successful completion,
|
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.Fn fork
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returns a value
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of 0 to the child process and returns the process ID of the child
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process to the parent process. Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned
|
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to the parent process, no child process is created, and the global
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variable
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process to the parent process.
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Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned to the parent process, no
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child process is created, and the global variable
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.Va errno
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is set to indicate the error.
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.Sh ERRORS
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@ -112,5 +112,5 @@ function conforms to
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.Sh HISTORY
|
||||
A
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.Fn fork
|
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function call appeared in
|
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system call appeared in
|
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.At v6 .
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|
|
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|
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: getrlimit.2,v 1.10 1997/07/16 06:05:58 mikel Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: getrlimit.2,v 1.11 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
|
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
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|
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@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ parameter is one of the following:
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.Bl -tag -width RLIMIT_FSIZEAA
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.It Li RLIMIT_CORE
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The largest size (in bytes)
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.Xr core
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.Pa core
|
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file that may be created.
|
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.It Li RLIMIT_CPU
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The maximum amount of cpu time (in seconds) to be used by
|
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|
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@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ is thus a built-in command to
|
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.Pp
|
||||
The system refuses to extend the data or stack space when the limits
|
||||
would be exceeded in the normal way: a
|
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.Xr break
|
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.Xr brk 2
|
||||
call fails if the data space limit is reached.
|
||||
When the stack limit is reached, the process receives
|
||||
a segmentation fault
|
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|
|
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|
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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.\" $NetBSD: getsockname.2,v 1.7 1998/04/28 06:00:53 fair Exp $
|
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.\" $NetBSD: getsockname.2,v 1.8 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
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.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
|
||||
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -44,16 +44,18 @@
|
|||
.Ft int
|
||||
.Fn getsockname "int s" "struct sockaddr *name" "int *namelen"
|
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.Fn Getsockname
|
||||
returns the current
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn getsockname
|
||||
system call returns the current
|
||||
.Fa name
|
||||
for the specified socket. The
|
||||
for the specified socket.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fa namelen
|
||||
parameter should be initialized to indicate
|
||||
the amount of space pointed to by
|
||||
parameter should be initialized to indicate the amount of space
|
||||
pointed to by
|
||||
.Fa name .
|
||||
On return it contains the actual size of the name
|
||||
returned (in bytes).
|
||||
On return it contains the actual size of the name returned (in
|
||||
bytes).
|
||||
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
||||
A 0 is returned if the call succeeds, -1 if it fails.
|
||||
.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
|
|
@ -68,13 +70,11 @@ The argument
|
|||
.Fa s
|
||||
is a file, not a socket.
|
||||
.It Bq Er ENOBUFS
|
||||
Insufficient resources were available in the system
|
||||
to perform the operation.
|
||||
Insufficient resources were available in the system to perform the operation.
|
||||
.It Bq Er EFAULT
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fa name
|
||||
parameter points to memory not in a valid part of the
|
||||
process address space.
|
||||
parameter points to memory not in a valid part of the process address space.
|
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.El
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||||
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
||||
.Xr bind 2 ,
|
||||
|
|
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ process address space.
|
|||
Names bound to sockets in the
|
||||
.Ux
|
||||
domain are inaccessible;
|
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.Xr getsockname
|
||||
.Fn getsockname
|
||||
returns a zero length name.
|
||||
.Sh HISTORY
|
||||
The
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: getsockopt.2,v 1.12 1998/02/02 05:20:29 perry Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: getsockopt.2,v 1.13 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
|
||||
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -186,24 +186,24 @@ of the destination address.
|
|||
.Pp
|
||||
.Dv SO_LINGER
|
||||
controls the action taken when unsent messages
|
||||
are queued on socket and a
|
||||
are queued on socket and a
|
||||
.Xr close 2
|
||||
is performed.
|
||||
If the socket promises reliable delivery of data and
|
||||
.Dv SO_LINGER is set,
|
||||
the system will block the process on the
|
||||
.Xr close
|
||||
the system will block the process on the
|
||||
.Xr close 2
|
||||
attempt until it is able to transmit the data or until it decides it
|
||||
is unable to deliver the information (a timeout period, measured in
|
||||
seconds, termed the linger interval, is specified in the
|
||||
.Fn setsockopt
|
||||
call when
|
||||
.Dv SO_LINGER
|
||||
is requested).
|
||||
is requested).
|
||||
If
|
||||
.Dv SO_LINGER
|
||||
is disabled and a
|
||||
.Xr close
|
||||
is disabled and a
|
||||
.Xr close 2
|
||||
is issued, the system will process the close in a manner that allows
|
||||
the process to continue as quickly as possible.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
|
|
@ -217,9 +217,9 @@ With protocols that support out-of-band data, the
|
|||
option
|
||||
requests that out-of-band data be placed in the normal data input queue
|
||||
as received; it will then be accessible with
|
||||
.Xr recv
|
||||
.Xr recv 2
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Xr read
|
||||
.Xr read 2
|
||||
calls without the
|
||||
.Dv MSG_OOB
|
||||
flag.
|
||||
|
|
@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ requested.
|
|||
The default value for
|
||||
.Dv SO_RCVLOWAT
|
||||
is 1.
|
||||
If
|
||||
If
|
||||
.Dv SO_RCVLOWAT
|
||||
is set to a larger value, blocking receive calls normally
|
||||
wait until they have received the smaller of the low water mark value
|
||||
|
|
@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ If the
|
|||
option is enabled on a
|
||||
.Dv SOCK_DGRAM
|
||||
socket, the
|
||||
.Xr recvmsg
|
||||
.Xr recvmsg 2
|
||||
call will return a timestamp corresponding to when the datagram was
|
||||
received.
|
||||
The msg_control field in the msghdr structure points to a buffer
|
||||
|
|
@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ is a file, not a socket.
|
|||
.It Bq Er ENOPROTOOPT
|
||||
The option is unknown at the level indicated.
|
||||
.It Bq Er EFAULT
|
||||
The address pointed to by
|
||||
The address pointed to by
|
||||
.Fa optval
|
||||
is not in a valid part of the process address space.
|
||||
For
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: msgctl.2,v 1.4 1997/11/27 10:24:44 mikel Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: msgctl.2,v 1.5 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Frank van der Linden
|
||||
.\" All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ The values are taken from the corresponding fields in the structure
|
|||
pointed to by
|
||||
.Fa buf .
|
||||
This operation can only be executed by the super-user, or a process that
|
||||
has an effective user id equal to either
|
||||
has an effective user id equal to either
|
||||
.Va msg_perm.cuid
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Va msg_perm.uid
|
||||
|
|
@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ The value of
|
|||
.Va msg_qbytes
|
||||
can only be increased by the super-user. Values for
|
||||
.Va msg_qbytes
|
||||
that exceed the system limit
|
||||
that exceed the system limit
|
||||
.Pf ( Dv MSGMNB
|
||||
from
|
||||
.Aq Pa sys/msg.h )
|
||||
|
|
@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ are silently truncated to that limit.
|
|||
Remove the message queue specified by
|
||||
.Fa msqid
|
||||
and destroy the data associated with it. Only the super-user or a process
|
||||
with an effective uid equal to the
|
||||
with an effective uid equal to the
|
||||
.Va msg_perm.cuid
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Va msg_perm.uid
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: open.2,v 1.12 1998/01/15 02:30:18 thorpej Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: open.2,v 1.13 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
|
||||
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -55,8 +55,9 @@ The
|
|||
.Fa flags
|
||||
are specified by
|
||||
.Em or Ns 'ing
|
||||
the following values. Applications must specify exactly one
|
||||
of the first three values (file access modes):
|
||||
the following values.
|
||||
Applications must specify exactly one of the first three values
|
||||
(file access modes):
|
||||
.Bl -tag -offset indent -width O_NONBLOCK
|
||||
.It Dv O_RDONLY
|
||||
Open for reading only.
|
||||
|
|
@ -92,7 +93,8 @@ Atomically obtain a shared lock.
|
|||
Atomically obtain an exclusive lock.
|
||||
.It Dv O_SYNC
|
||||
If set, each write will wait for both the file data and file status
|
||||
to be committed to stable storage. This is an extension to
|
||||
to be committed to stable storage.
|
||||
This is an extension to
|
||||
.Fn open
|
||||
defined in
|
||||
.St -xpg4.2 .
|
||||
|
|
@ -101,10 +103,12 @@ defined in
|
|||
Opening a file with
|
||||
.Dv O_APPEND
|
||||
set causes each write on the file
|
||||
to be appended to the end. If
|
||||
to be appended to the end.
|
||||
If
|
||||
.Dv O_TRUNC
|
||||
is specified and the
|
||||
file exists, the file is truncated to zero length.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
If
|
||||
.Dv O_EXCL
|
||||
is set with
|
||||
|
|
@ -112,8 +116,8 @@ is set with
|
|||
and the file already
|
||||
exists,
|
||||
.Fn open
|
||||
returns an error. This may be used to
|
||||
implement a simple exclusive access locking mechanism.
|
||||
returns an error.
|
||||
This may be used to implement a simple exclusive access locking mechanism.
|
||||
If
|
||||
.Dv O_EXCL
|
||||
is set and the last component of the pathname is
|
||||
|
|
@ -121,10 +125,12 @@ a symbolic link,
|
|||
.Fn open
|
||||
will fail even if the symbolic
|
||||
link points to a non-existent name.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
If the
|
||||
.Dv O_NONBLOCK
|
||||
flag is specified, do not wait for the device or file to be ready or
|
||||
available. If the
|
||||
available.
|
||||
If the
|
||||
.Fn open
|
||||
call would result
|
||||
in the process being blocked for some reason (e.g., waiting for
|
||||
|
|
@ -156,7 +162,7 @@ When a new file is created it is given the group of the directory
|
|||
which contains it.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The new descriptor is set to remain open across
|
||||
.Xr execve
|
||||
.Xr execve 2
|
||||
system calls; see
|
||||
.Xr close 2
|
||||
and
|
||||
|
|
@ -164,7 +170,8 @@ and
|
|||
.Pp
|
||||
The system imposes a limit on the number of file descriptors
|
||||
open simultaneously by one process.
|
||||
.Xr Getdtablesize 3
|
||||
Calling
|
||||
.Xr getdtablesize 3
|
||||
returns the current system limit.
|
||||
.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
The named file is opened unless:
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: semctl.2,v 1.4 1997/11/27 10:25:04 mikel Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: semctl.2,v 1.5 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Frank van der Linden
|
||||
.\" All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ Return the number of processes waiting to acquire the semaphore.
|
|||
Return the number of processes waiting for the value of the semaphore to
|
||||
reach 0.
|
||||
.It Dv GETALL
|
||||
Return the values of all the semaphores associated with
|
||||
Return the values of all the semaphores associated with
|
||||
.Fa semid .
|
||||
.It Dv SETALL
|
||||
Set the values of all the semaphores that are associated with the semaphore
|
||||
|
|
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ The values are taken from the corresponding fields in the structure
|
|||
pointed to by
|
||||
.Fa arg.buf .
|
||||
This operation can only be executed by the super-user, or a process that
|
||||
has an effective user id equal to either
|
||||
has an effective user id equal to either
|
||||
.Va sem_perm.cuid
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Va sem_perm.uid
|
||||
|
|
@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ in the data structure associated with the message queue.
|
|||
Remove the semaphores associated with
|
||||
.Fa semid
|
||||
from the system and destroy the data structures associated with it. Only the
|
||||
super-user or a process with an effective uid equal to the
|
||||
super-user or a process with an effective uid equal to the
|
||||
.Va sem_perm.cuid
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Va sem_perm.uid
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: shmctl.2,v 1.5 1997/11/27 10:25:18 mikel Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: shmctl.2,v 1.6 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Frank van der Linden
|
||||
.\" All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ The values are taken from the corresponding fields in the structure
|
|||
pointed to by
|
||||
.Fa buf .
|
||||
This operation can only be executed by the super-user, or a process that
|
||||
has an effective user id equal to either
|
||||
has an effective user id equal to either
|
||||
.Va shm_perm.cuid
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Va shm_perm.uid
|
||||
|
|
@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ in the data structure associated with the shared memory segment.
|
|||
.It Dv IPC_RMID
|
||||
Remove the shared memory segment specified by
|
||||
.Fa shmid
|
||||
and destroy the data associated with it. Only the super-user or a process
|
||||
with an effective uid equal to the
|
||||
and destroy the data associated with it.
|
||||
Only the super-user or a process with an effective uid equal to the
|
||||
.Va shm_perm.cuid
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Va shm_perm.uid
|
||||
|
|
@ -146,8 +146,8 @@ effective gid can match either
|
|||
or
|
||||
.Va shm_perm.gid .
|
||||
.Sh RETURN VALUES
|
||||
Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned. Otherwise, -1 is
|
||||
returned and the global variable
|
||||
Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned.
|
||||
Otherwise, -1 is returned and the global variable
|
||||
.Va errno
|
||||
is set to indicate the error.
|
||||
.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: sigaction.2,v 1.14 1998/02/06 05:41:35 perry Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: sigaction.2,v 1.15 1998/04/28 22:28:31 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993
|
||||
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -53,10 +53,11 @@ struct sigaction {
|
|||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The system defines a set of signals that may be delivered to a process.
|
||||
Signal delivery resembles the occurrence of a hardware interrupt:
|
||||
the signal is blocked from further occurrence, the current process
|
||||
context is saved, and a new one is built. A process may specify a
|
||||
the signal is blocked from further occurrence, the current process
|
||||
context is saved, and a new one is built.
|
||||
A process may specify a
|
||||
.Em handler
|
||||
to which a signal is delivered, or specify that a signal is to be
|
||||
to which a signal is delivered, or specify that a signal is to be
|
||||
.Em ignored .
|
||||
A process may also specify that a default action is to be taken
|
||||
by the system when a signal occurs.
|
||||
|
|
@ -64,29 +65,30 @@ A signal may also be
|
|||
.Em blocked ,
|
||||
in which case its delivery is postponed until it is
|
||||
.Em unblocked .
|
||||
The action to be taken on delivery is determined at the time
|
||||
of delivery.
|
||||
Normally, signal handlers execute on the current stack
|
||||
of the process. This may be changed, on a per-handler basis,
|
||||
so that signals are taken on a special
|
||||
The action to be taken on delivery is determined at the time of delivery.
|
||||
Normally, signal handlers execute on the current stack of the process.
|
||||
This may be changed, on a per-handler basis, so that signals are
|
||||
taken on a special
|
||||
.Em "signal stack" .
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Signal routines execute with the signal that caused their
|
||||
invocation
|
||||
.Em blocked ,
|
||||
but other signals may yet occur.
|
||||
A global
|
||||
A global
|
||||
.Em "signal mask"
|
||||
defines the set of signals currently blocked from delivery
|
||||
to a process. The signal mask for a process is initialized
|
||||
from that of its parent (normally empty). It
|
||||
may be changed with a
|
||||
to a process.
|
||||
The signal mask for a process is initialized from that of its parent
|
||||
(normally empty).
|
||||
It may be changed with a
|
||||
.Xr sigprocmask 2
|
||||
call, or when a signal is delivered to the process.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
When a signal
|
||||
condition arises for a process, the signal is added to a set of
|
||||
signals pending for the process. If the signal is not currently
|
||||
signals pending for the process.
|
||||
If the signal is not currently
|
||||
.Em blocked
|
||||
by the process then it is delivered to the process.
|
||||
Signals may be delivered any time a process enters the operating system
|
||||
|
|
@ -101,25 +103,26 @@ The set of pending signals is returned by the
|
|||
function.
|
||||
When a caught signal
|
||||
is delivered, the current state of the process is saved,
|
||||
a new signal mask is calculated (as described below),
|
||||
and the signal handler is invoked. The call to the handler
|
||||
is arranged so that if the signal handling routine returns
|
||||
normally the process will resume execution in the context
|
||||
from before the signal's delivery.
|
||||
a new signal mask is calculated (as described below),
|
||||
and the signal handler is invoked.
|
||||
The call to the handler is arranged so that if the signal handling
|
||||
routine returns normally the process will resume execution in the
|
||||
context from before the signal's delivery.
|
||||
If the process wishes to resume in a different context, then it
|
||||
must arrange to restore the previous context itself.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
When a signal is delivered to a process a new signal mask is
|
||||
installed for the duration of the process' signal handler
|
||||
(or until a
|
||||
.Xr sigprocmask
|
||||
.Xr sigprocmask 2
|
||||
call is made).
|
||||
This mask is formed by taking the union of the current signal mask,
|
||||
the signal to be delivered, and
|
||||
the signal to be delivered, and
|
||||
the signal mask associated with the handler to be invoked.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Fn Sigaction
|
||||
assigns an action for a specific signal. If
|
||||
assigns an action for a specific signal.
|
||||
If
|
||||
.Fa act
|
||||
is non-zero, it
|
||||
specifies an action
|
||||
|
|
@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ specifies an action
|
|||
.Dv SIG_IGN ,
|
||||
or a handler routine) and mask
|
||||
to be used when delivering the specified signal.
|
||||
If
|
||||
If
|
||||
.Fa oact
|
||||
is non-zero, the previous handling information for the signal
|
||||
is returned to the user.
|
||||
|
|
@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ is returned to the user.
|
|||
Once a signal handler is installed, it remains installed
|
||||
until another
|
||||
.Fn sigaction
|
||||
call is made, or an
|
||||
call is made, or an
|
||||
.Xr execve 2
|
||||
is performed.
|
||||
A signal-specific default action may be reset by
|
||||
|
|
@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ with names as in the include file
|
|||
.It Dv SIGQUIT No " create core image" " quit program"
|
||||
.It Dv SIGILL No " create core image" " illegal instruction"
|
||||
.It Dv SIGTRAP No " create core image" " trace trap"
|
||||
.It Dv SIGABRT No " create core image" Xr abort 2
|
||||
.It Dv SIGABRT No " create core image" Xr abort 3
|
||||
call (formerly
|
||||
.Dv SIGIOT )
|
||||
.It Dv SIGEMT No " create core image" " emulate instruction executed"
|
||||
|
|
@ -271,7 +274,7 @@ is possible on a descriptor (see
|
|||
.It Dv SIGUSR2 No " terminate process" " user-defined signal 2"
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Sh NOTE
|
||||
The mask specified in
|
||||
The mask specified in
|
||||
.Fa act
|
||||
is not allowed to block
|
||||
.Dv SIGKILL
|
||||
|
|
@ -279,8 +282,8 @@ or
|
|||
.Dv SIGSTOP .
|
||||
This is enforced silently by the system.
|
||||
.Sh RETURN VALUES
|
||||
A 0 value indicates that the call succeeded. A \-1 return value
|
||||
indicates an error occurred and
|
||||
A 0 value indicates that the call succeeded.
|
||||
A \-1 return value indicates an error occurred and
|
||||
.Va errno
|
||||
is set to indicated the reason.
|
||||
.Sh EXAMPLE
|
||||
|
|
@ -306,14 +309,15 @@ structure (defined in
|
|||
.Aq Pa signal.h ) ,
|
||||
used to restore the context from before the signal.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
For POSIX compliance, the
|
||||
For POSIX compliance, the
|
||||
.Fa sa_handler
|
||||
is declared to be (void (*)(int)) and the above handler will need to be
|
||||
casted to that type. Future versions of
|
||||
casted to that type.
|
||||
Future versions of
|
||||
.Nx
|
||||
will replace the
|
||||
.Fa sigcontext
|
||||
interface with the
|
||||
interface with the
|
||||
.Fa siginfo
|
||||
interface.
|
||||
.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
|
|
@ -324,7 +328,7 @@ of the following occurs:
|
|||
.It Bq Er EFAULT
|
||||
Either
|
||||
.Fa act
|
||||
or
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Fa oact
|
||||
points to memory that is not a valid part of the process
|
||||
address space.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: sigsuspend.2,v 1.6 1998/02/02 05:20:35 perry Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: sigsuspend.2,v 1.7 1998/04/28 22:28:32 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
|
||||
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ of the signal are examined to determine that there is no work
|
|||
to be done, and the process pauses awaiting work by using
|
||||
.Fn sigsuspend
|
||||
with the previous mask returned by
|
||||
.Xr sigprocmask .
|
||||
.Xr sigprocmask 2 .
|
||||
.Sh RETURN VALUES
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn sigsuspend
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
.\" $NetBSD: vfork.2,v 1.10 1998/01/04 04:20:42 thorpej Exp $
|
||||
.\" $NetBSD: vfork.2,v 1.11 1998/04/28 22:28:32 fair Exp $
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
|
||||
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
||||
|
|
@ -44,31 +44,36 @@
|
|||
.Ft pid_t
|
||||
.Fn vfork void
|
||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.Fn Vfork
|
||||
creates a new process that that does not have a new virtual address space,
|
||||
but rather shares address space with the parent, thus avoiding potentially
|
||||
expensive copy-on-write operations normally associated with creating a
|
||||
new process. It is useful when the purpose of
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
system call creates a new process that that does not have a new
|
||||
virtual address space, but rather shares address space with the
|
||||
parent, thus avoiding potentially expensive copy-on-write operations
|
||||
normally associated with creating a new process.
|
||||
It is useful when the purpose of
|
||||
.Xr fork 2
|
||||
would have been to create a new system context for an
|
||||
.Xr execve 2 .
|
||||
.Fn Vfork
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
system call differs from
|
||||
.Xr fork 2
|
||||
in that the child borrows the parent's memory and thread of
|
||||
control until a call to
|
||||
.Xr execve 2
|
||||
or an exit (either by a call to
|
||||
.Xr _exit 2
|
||||
or abnormally.)
|
||||
or abnormally).
|
||||
The parent process is suspended while the child is using its resources.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Fn Vfork
|
||||
returns 0 in the child's context and (later) the pid of the child in
|
||||
the parent's context.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
system call returns 0 in the child's context and (later) the pid
|
||||
of the child in the parent's context.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Fn Vfork
|
||||
can normally be used just like
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
system call can normally be used just like
|
||||
.Xr fork 2 .
|
||||
It does not work, however, to return while running in the childs context
|
||||
from the procedure that called
|
||||
|
|
@ -81,16 +86,15 @@ Be careful, also, to call
|
|||
rather than
|
||||
.Xr exit 3
|
||||
if you can't
|
||||
.Xr execve ,
|
||||
.Xr execve 2 ,
|
||||
since
|
||||
.Xr exit 3
|
||||
will flush and close standard I/O channels, and thereby mess up the
|
||||
parent processes standard I/O data structures.
|
||||
(Even with
|
||||
parent processes standard I/O data structures (even with
|
||||
.Xr fork 2
|
||||
it is wrong to call
|
||||
.Xr exit 3
|
||||
since buffered data would then be flushed twice.)
|
||||
since buffered data would then be flushed twice).
|
||||
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
||||
.Xr fork 2 ,
|
||||
.Xr execve 2 ,
|
||||
|
|
@ -103,26 +107,21 @@ Same as for
|
|||
.\" XXX We reintroduced the original semantics.
|
||||
.\" This system call will be eliminated when proper system sharing
|
||||
.\" mechanisms are implemented.
|
||||
Users should not depend on the memory
|
||||
sharing semantics of
|
||||
.Xr vfork
|
||||
Users should not depend on the memory sharing semantics of
|
||||
.Xr vfork 2
|
||||
as other ways of speeding up the fork process may be developed in
|
||||
the future.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
To avoid a possible deadlock situation,
|
||||
processes that are children in the middle
|
||||
of a
|
||||
To avoid a possible deadlock situation, processes that are children
|
||||
in the middle of a
|
||||
.Fn vfork
|
||||
are never sent
|
||||
.Dv SIGTTOU
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Dv SIGTTIN
|
||||
signals; rather,
|
||||
output or
|
||||
signals; rather, output or
|
||||
.Xr ioctl 2
|
||||
calls
|
||||
are allowed
|
||||
and input attempts result in an end-of-file indication.
|
||||
calls are allowed and input attempts result in an end-of-file indication.
|
||||
.Sh HISTORY
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn vfork
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue