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dholland 2010-05-30 00:39:49 +00:00
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93
usr.bin/vi/docs/spell.ok
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API's
Amir
Bostic
CFLAGS
DB
DPURIFY
Ds
Dw
EXINIT
Englar
GDB
Kirkendall
Lite
Makefile
NEXINIT
NVI
Neville
Nvi
Nvi's
OS
POSIX
POSIX.2
Perl
PostScript
README
Roff
Sven
Tcl
Todo
USD
USD.doc
USD:14
USD:15
USD:16
UUNET
Verdoolaege
api
autowrite
berkeley
bitstring
bitstring.h
bostic
bsd
bugs.current
changelog
cl
clib
cs
cs.berkeley.edu
db
dbopen
doc
docs
edu
elvis
email
exrc
exref
free's
ftp.cs.berkeley.edu
gdb.script
gz
gzip'd
hardtabs
init.tcl
keystrokes
nex
nexrc
nvi
nvi's
nvi.ALPHA.tar.gz
nvi.tar.Z
nvi.tar.gz
openmode
ps
queue.h
recover.script
redistributable
slowopen
svi
tcl
tclapi
tknvi
txt
ucb
uunet
vi
vi.man
vi.ref
vi.ref.ps
vi.ref.txt
vitut
xaw

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(autoprint, ap [off])102 516 Q F3(Ex)131 528 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G
(isplay the current line automatically)177.35 528 Q(.)-.65 E F2
(autowrite, aw [off])102 540 Q F0
(Write modi\214ed \214les automatically when changing \214les.)131 552 Q F2
(beautify, bf [off])102 564 Q F0(Discard control characters.)131 576 Q F2
(cdpath [environment variable CDPATH, or ``.''])102 588 Q F0
(The directory paths used as path pre\214x)131 600 Q(es for the)-.15 E F1(cd)
2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F2(columns, co [80])102 612 Q F0
(Set the number of columns in the screen.)131 624 Q F2(comment [off])102 636 Q
F3(Vi)131 648 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.S)-.65 G(kip leading comments in \214les.)
175.69 648 Q F2(directory, dir [environment variable TMPDIR, or /tmp])102 660 Q
F0(The directory where temporary \214les are created.)131 672 Q F2
(edcompatible, ed [off])102 684 Q F0(Modify the beha)131 696 Q
(vior of certain suf)-.2 E(\214ces for the)-.25 E F3(ex)2.5 E F1(substitute)2.5
E F0(command.)2.5 E 167.75(4.4BSD March)72 750 R(19, 1994)2.5 E(2)535 750 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.834(EX/VI \( 1 \))72 48 R(BSD Reference Manual)
258.235 48 Q -.834(EX/VI \( 1 \))496.682 48 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(This option is not yet implemented.)131 96 Q/F2 10/Courier@0 SF
(errorbells, eb [off])102 108 Q/F3 10/Courier-Bold@0 SF(Ex)131 120 Q F0(only)
2.5 E 5(.P)-.65 G(recede error messages with a bell.)175.69 120 Q F1
(This option is not yet implemented.)131 132 Q F2(exrc, ex [off])102 144 Q F0
(Ne)131 156 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G
(ead startup \214les in the local directory)160.86 156 Q(.)-.65 E F2
(extended [off])102 168 Q F0(Re)131 180 Q(gular e)-.15 E(xpressions are e)-.15
E(xtended \(i.e.)-.15 E F2(egrep)5 E F0(\(1\) style\) e)A(xpressions.)-.15 E F2
(flash [on])102 192 Q F0(Flash the screen instead of beeping the k)131 204 Q
-.15(ey)-.1 G(board on error).15 E(.)-.55 E F2(hardtabs, ht [8])102 216 Q F0
(Set the spacing between hardw)131 228 Q(are tab settings.)-.1 E F2
(ignorecase, ic [off])102 240 Q F0(Ignore case dif)131 252 Q(ferences in re)
-.25 E(gular e)-.15 E(xpressions.)-.15 E F2(keytime [6])102 264 Q F0(The 10th')
131 276 Q 2.5(so)-.55 G 2.5(fas)181 276 S(econd)197.66 276 Q F3(ex/vi)2.5 E F0
-.1(wa)2.5 G(its for a subsequent k).1 E .3 -.15(ey t)-.1 H 2.5(oc).15 G
(omplete a k)379.5 276 Q .3 -.15(ey m)-.1 H(apping.).15 E F2(leftright [off])
102 288 Q F3(Vi)131 300 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G 2.5(ol)177.35 300 S
(eft-right scrolling.)187.63 300 Q F2(lines, li [24])102 312 Q F3(Vi)131 324 Q
F0(only)2.5 E 5(.S)-.65 G(et the number of lines in the screen.)175.69 324 Q F2
(lisp [off])102 336 Q F3(Vi)131 348 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.M)-.65 G(odify v)179.02
348 Q(arious search commands and options to w)-.25 E(ork with Lisp.)-.1 E F1
(This option is not yet implemented.)131 360 Q F2(list [off])102 372 Q F0
(Display lines in an unambiguous f)131 384 Q(ashion.)-.1 E F2(magic [on])102
396 Q F0 -.35(Tr)131 408 S(eat certain characters specially in re).35 E
(gular e)-.15 E(xpressions.)-.15 E F2(matchtime [7])102 420 Q F3(Vi)131 432 Q
F0(only)2.884 E 5.384(.T)-.65 G .384(he 10th')177.008 432 R 2.884(so)-.55 G
2.884(fas)221.666 432 S(econd)239.094 432 Q F3(ex/vi)2.884 E F0 .385
(pauses on the matching character when the)2.884 F/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sho)
2.885 E(wmatch)-.1 E F0(op-)2.885 E(tion is set.)131 444 Q F2(mesg [on])102 456
Q F0(Permit messages from other users.)131 468 Q F2(modelines, modeline [off])
102 480 Q F0(Read the \214rst and last fe)131 492 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G
(ines of each \214le for)240.18 492 Q F3(ex)2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E F1
(This option will ne)131 504 Q(ver be implemented.)-.15 E F2(number, nu [off])
102 516 Q F0(Precede each line displayed with its current line number)131 528 Q
(.)-.55 E F2(open [on])102 540 Q F3(Ex)131 552 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5
(ft)173.46 552 S(his option is not set, the)182.07 552 Q F4(open)2.5 E F0(and)
2.5 E F4(visual)2.5 E F0(commands are disallo)2.5 E(wed.)-.25 E F2
(optimize, opt [on])102 564 Q F3(Vi)131 576 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.O)-.65 G
(ptimize te)177.35 576 Q(xt throughput to dumb terminals.)-.15 E F1
(This option is not yet implemented.)131 588 Q F2
(paragraphs, para [IPLPPPQPP LIpplpipbp])102 600 Q F3(Vi)131 612 Q F0(only)2.5
E 5(.D)-.65 G(e\214ne additional paragraph boundaries for the)177.35 612 Q F4
({)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F4(})2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E F2(prompt [on])102 624 Q F3
(Ex)131 636 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G(isplay a command prompt.)177.35 636 Q
F2(readonly, ro [off])102 648 Q F0(Mark the \214le as read-only)131 660 Q(.)
-.65 E F2(recdir [/var/tmp/vi.recover])102 672 Q F0 167.75(4.4BSD March)72 750
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.834(EX/VI \( 1 \))72 48 R(BSD Reference Manual)
258.235 48 Q -.834(EX/VI \( 1 \))496.682 48 R(The directory where reco)131 96 Q
-.15(ve)-.15 G(ry \214les are stored.).15 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF
(redraw, re [off])102 108 Q/F2 10/Courier-Bold@0 SF(Vi)131 120 Q F0(only)2.5 E
5(.S)-.65 G(imulate an intelligent terminal on a dumb one.)175.69 120 Q/F3 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(This option is not yet implemented.)131 132 Q F1(remap [on])
102 144 Q F0(Remap k)131 156 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(su).15 G(ntil resolv)187.41
156 Q(ed.)-.15 E F1(remapmax [on])102 168 Q F0(Limit the number of times a k)
131 180 Q .3 -.15(ey m)-.1 H(ay be remapped.).15 E F1(report [5])102 192 Q F0
(Set the number of lines about which the editor reports changes.)131 204 Q F1
(ruler [off])102 216 Q F2(Vi)131 228 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G(isplay a ro)
177.35 228 Q(w/column ruler on the colon command line.)-.25 E F1
(scroll, scr [window / 2])102 240 Q F0(Set the number of lines scrolled.)131
252 Q F1(sections, sect [NHSHH HUnhsh])102 264 Q F2(Vi)131 276 Q F0(only)2.5 E
5(.D)-.65 G(e\214ne additional section boundaries for the)177.35 276 Q/F4 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF([[)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F4(]])2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E F1
(shell, sh [environment variable SHELL, or /bin/sh])102 288 Q F0
(Select the shell used by the editor)131 300 Q(.)-.55 E F1(shiftwidth, sw [8])
102 312 Q F0(Set the autoindent and shift command indentation width.)131 324 Q
F1(showdirty [off])102 336 Q F2(Vi)131 348 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G(isplay \
an asterisk on the colon command line if the \214le has been modi\214ed.)177.35
348 Q F1(showmatch, sm [off])102 360 Q F2(Vi)131 372 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.N)-.65
G(ote matching `)177.35 372 Q(`{')-.74 E 2.5('a)-.74 G(nd `)255.37 372 Q(`\(')
-.74 E 2.5('f)-.74 G(or `)288.87 372 Q(`}')-.74 E 2.5('a)-.74 G(nd `)323.28 372
Q(`\)')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G(haracters.)357.89 372 Q F1(showmode [off])102 384 Q
F2(Vi)131 396 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G
(isplay the current editor mode \(command or input\).)177.35 396 Q F1
(sidescroll [16])102 408 Q F2(Vi)131 420 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.S)-.65 G
(et the amount a left-right scroll will shift.)175.69 420 Q F1
(slowopen, slow [off])102 432 Q F0(Delay display updating during te)131 444 Q
(xt input.)-.15 E F3(This option is not yet implemented.)131 456 Q F1
(sourceany [off])102 468 Q F0(Read startup \214les not o)131 480 Q
(wned by the current user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F3(This option will ne)131 492 Q
(ver be implemented.)-.15 E F1(tabstop, ts [8])102 504 Q F0
(This option sets tab widths for the editor display)131 516 Q(.)-.65 E F1
(taglength, tl [0])102 528 Q F0
(Set the number of signi\214cant characters in tag names.)131 540 Q F1
(tags, tag [tags /var/db/libc.tags /sys/kern/tags])102 552 Q F0
(Set the list of tags \214les.)131 564 Q F1
(term, ttytype, tty [environment variable TERM])102 576 Q F0
(Set the terminal type.)131 588 Q F1(terse [off])102 600 Q F0 .76
(This option has historically made editor messages less v)131 612 R 3.259
(erbose. It)-.15 F .759(has no ef)3.259 F .759(fect in this implementa-)-.25 F
(tion.)131 624 Q F1(timeout, to [on])102 636 Q F0 -.35(Ti)131 648 S
(me out on k).35 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sw).15 G(hich may be mapped.)209.84 648 Q
F1(ttywerase [off])102 660 Q F2(Vi)131 672 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.S)-.65 G
(elect an alternate erase algorithm.)175.69 672 Q F1(verbose [off])102 684 Q F0
167.75(4.4BSD March)72 750 R(19, 1994)2.5 E(4)535 750 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.834(EX/VI \( 1 \))72 48 R(BSD Reference Manual)
258.235 48 Q -.834(EX/VI \( 1 \))496.682 48 R(only)131 96 Q 5(.D)-.65 G
(isplay an error message for e)162.85 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry error).15 E(.)-.55
E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF(w300 [no default])102 108 Q/F2 10/Courier-Bold@0 SF(Vi)131
120 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.S)-.65 G(et the windo)175.69 120 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G
(ize if the baud rate is less than 1200 baud.)238.49 120 Q F1
(w1200 [no default])102 132 Q F2(Vi)131 144 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.S)-.65 G
(et the windo)175.69 144 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G
(ize if the baud rate is equal to 1200 baud.)238.49 144 Q F1
(w9600 [no default])102 156 Q F2(Vi)131 168 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.S)-.65 G
(et the windo)175.69 168 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G
(ize if the baud rate is greater than 1200 baud.)238.49 168 Q F1(warn [on])102
180 Q F2(Ex)131 192 Q F0(only)2.978 E 5.478(.T)-.65 G .479
(his option causes a w)177.196 192 R .479
(arning message to the terminal if the \214le has been modi\214ed, since it)-.1
F -.1(wa)131 204 S 2.5(sl).1 G(ast written, before a)151.73 204 Q/F3 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
(window, w, wi [environment variable LINES])102 216 Q F0(Set the windo)131 228
Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G(ize for the screen.)199.36 228 Q F1(wrapmargin, wm [0])102 240
Q F2(Vi)131 252 Q F0(only)2.5 E 5(.B)-.65 G(reak lines automatically when the)
176.8 252 Q 2.5(yr)-.15 G(each the right-hand mar)321.9 252 Q(gin.)-.18 E F1
(wrapscan, ws [on])102 264 Q F0(Set searches to wrap around the end or be)131
276 Q(ginning of the \214le.)-.15 E F1(writeany, wa [off])102 288 Q F0 -.45(Tu)
131 300 S(rn of).45 E 2.5<668c>-.25 G(le-o)171.96 300 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G
(rwriting checks.).15 E F3 -.9(FA)72 324 S 1.666(ST ST).9 F(AR)-.9 E(TUP)-.4 E
F0 .467(This section will tell you the minimum amount that you need to do simp\
le editing tasks using)102 336 R F2(vi)2.966 E F0 2.966(.I)C 2.966(fy)506.584
336 S(ou')517.88 336 Q -.15(ve)-.5 G(ne)102 348 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.453(ru).15 G
.953(sed an)132.263 348 R 3.453(ys)-.15 G .953(creen editor before, you')
170.679 348 R .953(re lik)-.5 F .953(ely to ha)-.1 F 1.253 -.15(ve p)-.2 H .953
(roblems e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.453(nw).15 G .953
(ith this simple introduction.)412.286 348 R(In)5.954 E
(that case you should \214nd someone that already kno)102 360 Q(ws)-.25 E F2
(vi)2.5 E F0(and ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(hem w).15 E
(alk you through this section.)-.1 E F2(Vi)102 378 Q F0 .294
(is a screen editor)2.794 F 5.294(.T)-.55 G .294(his means that it tak)198.51
378 R .293
(es up almost the entire screen, displaying part of the \214le on each)-.1 F
.001(screen line, e)102 390 R .001(xcept for the last line of the screen.)-.15
F .002(The last line of the screen is used for you to gi)5.001 F .302 -.15
(ve c)-.25 H(ommands).15 E(to)102 402 Q F2(vi)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd for)133.72
402 Q F2(vi)2.5 E F0(to gi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nformation to you.).15 E
.585(The other f)102 420 R .585(act that you need to understand is that)-.1 F
F2(vi)3.085 E F0 .585(is a modeful editor)3.085 F 3.085(,i)-.4 G .584
(.e. you are either entering te)406.125 420 R .584(xt or)-.15 F .836(you are e)
102 432 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .836(cuting commands, and you ha).15 F 1.137 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 3.337(ob).15 G 3.337(ei)301.062 432 S 3.337(nt)311.619 432 S .837
(he right mode to do one or the other)322.736 432 R 5.837(.Y)-.55 G .837
(ou will be in)487.209 432 R 1.094
(command mode when you \214rst start editing a \214le.)102 444 R 1.093
(There are commands that switch you into input mode.)6.094 F .084
(There is only one k)102 456 R .384 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .085(hat tak).15 F .085
(es you out of input mode, and that is the <escape> k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.085
(.\()-.5 G -2.15 -.25(Ke y)449.895 456 T .085(names are written)2.835 F 1.473
(using less-than and greater)102 468 R 1.473(-than signs, e.g.)-.2 F 1.473
(<escape> means the `)6.473 F(`escape')-.74 E 3.973('k)-.74 G -.15(ey)420.59
468 S 3.973(,u)-.5 G 1.473(sually labeled `)440.703 468 R(`esc')-.74 E 3.972
('o)-.74 G(n)535 468 Q .553(your terminal')102 480 R 3.053(sk)-.55 G -.15(ey)
171.336 480 S 3.053(board.\) If).15 F(you')3.053 E .554(re e)-.5 F -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.054(rc).15 G .554(onfused as to which mode you')277.45 480 R .554(re in, k)
-.5 F .554(eep entering the <escape>)-.1 F -.1(ke)102 492 S 2.615(yu)-.05 G
(ntil)123.805 492 Q F2(vi)2.615 E F0 .115(beeps at you.)2.615 F(\(Generally)
5.115 E(,)-.65 E F2(vi)2.615 E F0 .115
(will beep at you if you try and do something that')2.615 F 2.614(sn)-.55 G
.114(ot allo)484.472 492 R 2.614(wed. It)-.25 F
(will also display error messages.\))102 504 Q 2.057 -.8(To s)102 522 T .457
(tart editing a \214le, enter the command `).8 F(`)-.74 E F1 .458
(vi file_name<carriage-return>)B F0 -.74('')C 2.958(.T).74 G .458
(he command you)470.204 522 R .333
(should enter as soon as you start editing is `)102 534 R(`)-.74 E F1 .333
(:set verbose showmode<carriage-return>)B F0 -.74('')C 2.833(.T).74 G(his)
528.33 534 Q 1.441(will mak)102 546 R 3.941(et)-.1 G 1.441(he editor gi)149.782
546 R 1.741 -.15(ve y)-.25 H 1.441(ou v).15 F 1.441
(erbose error messages and display the current mode at the bottom of the)-.15 F
(screen.)102 558 Q(The commands to mo)102 576 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
(round the \214le are:).15 E F3(h)102 588 Q F0(Mo)131 588 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he cursor left one character).15 E(.)-.55 E F3(j)102 600 Q F0(Mo)131 600 Q .3
-.15(ve t)-.15 H(he cursor do).15 E(wn one line.)-.25 E F3(k)102 612 Q F0(Mo)
131 612 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H(he cursor up one line.).15 E F3(l)102 624 Q F0
(Mo)131 624 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H(he cursor right one character).15 E(.)-.55 E
F3(<cursor)102 636 Q(-arr)-.37 E -.1(ow)-.18 G(s>).1 E F0(The cursor arro)131
648 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)207.01 648 S 2.5(ss).15 G(hould w)226.58 648 Q
(ork, too.)-.1 E F3(/text<carriage-r)102 660 Q(etur)-.18 E(n>)-.15 E F0
(Search for the string `)131 672 Q(`te)-.74 E(xt')-.15 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(nt)
246.84 672 S(he \214le, and mo)257.12 672 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he cursor to its \214rst character).15 E(.)-.55 E 167.75(4.4BSD March)72 750 R
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258.235 48 Q -.834(EX/VI \( 1 \))496.682 48 R(The commands to enter ne)102 96 Q
2.5(wt)-.25 G -.15(ex)220.34 96 S 2.5(ta).15 G(re:)239.35 96 Q/F1 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF(a)102 108 Q F0(Append ne)131 108 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G -.15(ex)
186.85 108 S(t,).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(after)2.5 E F0(the cursor)2.5 E
(.)-.55 E F1(i)102 120 Q F0(Insert ne)131 120 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G -.15(ex)177.96
120 S(t,).15 E F2(befor)2.5 E(e)-.37 E F0(the cursor)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(o)102
132 Q F0(Open a ne)131 132 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine belo)183.79 132 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G
(he line the cursor is on, and start entering te)227.98 132 Q(xt.)-.15 E F1(O)
102 144 Q F0(Open a ne)131 144 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine abo)183.79 144 Q .3 -.15
(ve t)-.15 H(he line the cursor is on, and start entering te).15 E(xt.)-.15 E
F1(<escape>)102 156 Q F0 .744(Once you')131 168 R 1.044 -.15(ve e)-.5 H .744
(ntered input mode using the one of the).15 F F1(a)3.244 E F0(,)A F1(i)3.244 E
F0(,)A F1(O)3.244 E F0 3.244(,o)C(r)390.542 168 Q F1(o)3.243 E F0 .743
(commands, use)3.243 F F1(<escape>)3.243 E F0 .743(to quit)3.243 F(entering te)
131 180 Q(xt and return to command mode.)-.15 E(The commands to cop)102 198 Q
2.5(yt)-.1 G -.15(ex)200.78 198 S 2.5(ta).15 G(re:)219.79 198 Q F1(yy)102 210 Q
F0(Cop)131 210 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he line the cursor is on.)157.85 210 Q F1(p)102
222 Q F0(Append the copied line after the line the cursor is on.)131 222 Q
(The commands to delete te)102 240 Q(xt are:)-.15 E F1(dd)102 252 Q F0
(Delete the line the cursor is on.)131 252 Q F1(x)102 264 Q F0
(Delete the character the cursor is on.)131 264 Q
(The commands to write the \214le are:)102 282 Q F1(:w<carriage-r)102 294 Q
(etur)-.18 E(n>)-.15 E F0 .528(Write the \214le back to the \214le with the na\
me that you originally used as an ar)131 306 R .528(gument on the)-.18 F/F3 10
/Courier-Bold@0 SF(vi)3.028 E F0(com-)3.028 E(mand line.)131 318 Q F1
(:w \214le_name<carriage-r)102 330 Q(etur)-.18 E(n>)-.15 E F0
(Write the \214le back to the \214le with the name `)131 342 Q(`\214le_name')
-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The commands to quit editing and e)102 360 Q
(xit the editor are:)-.15 E F1(:q<carriage-r)102 372 Q(etur)-.18 E(n>)-.15 E F0
.848(Quit editing and lea)131 384 R 1.148 -.15(ve v)-.2 H 3.348(i\().15 G .848
(if you')239.6 384 R 1.148 -.15(ve m)-.5 H .848(odi\214ed the \214le, b).15 F
.848(ut not sa)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.348(dy).15 G .848(our changes,)415.454 384
R F3(vi)3.347 E F0 .847(will refuse to)3.347 F(quit\).)131 396 Q F1
(:q!<carriage-r)102 408 Q(etur)-.18 E(n>)-.15 E F0(Quit, discarding an)131 420
Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(odi\214cations that you may ha)222.51 420 Q .3 -.15(ve m)-.2 H
(ade.).15 E .686(One \214nal caution.)102 438 R .686
(Unusual characters can tak)5.686 F 3.187(eu)-.1 G 3.187(pm)302.483 438 S .687
(ore than one column on the screen, and long lines can)318.45 438 R(tak)102 450
Q 3.129(eu)-.1 G 3.129(pm)126.689 450 S .629(ore than a single screen line.)
142.598 450 R .629(The abo)5.629 F .929 -.15(ve c)-.15 H .629(ommands w).15 F
.629(ork on `)-.1 F(`ph)-.74 E(ysical')-.05 E 3.129('c)-.74 G .628
(haracters and lines, i.e.)446.476 450 R(the)102 462 Q 2.74(ya)-.15 G -.25(ff)
126.25 462 S .24(ect the entire line no matter ho).25 F 2.74(wm)-.25 G(an)
273.79 462 Q 2.74(ys)-.15 G .241(creen lines it tak)294.71 462 R .241
(es up and the entire character no matter ho)-.1 F(w)-.25 E(man)102 474 Q 2.5
(ys)-.15 G(creen columns it tak)130.46 474 Q(es up.)-.1 E F1 -.1(BU)72 498 S
(GS).1 E F0(See the \214le)102 510 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(nvi/docs/bugs.current)
2.5 E F0(for a list of the kno)2.5 E(wn b)-.25 E(ugs in this v)-.2 E(ersion.)
-.15 E F1(FILES)72 534 Q F4(/bin/sh)102 546 Q F0(The def)221 546 Q
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(System-wide vi startup \214le.)221 558 Q F4(/tmp)102 570 Q F0 -.7(Te)221 570 S
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%%Trailer
end
%%EOF

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EX/VI(1) BSD Reference Manual EX/VI(1)
NNAAMMEE
eexx,, vvii,, vviieeww - text editors
SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
eexx [--eeFFllRRssvv] [--cc _c_m_d] [--rr _f_i_l_e] [--tt _t_a_g] [--ww _s_i_z_e] [--xx _a_w] [_f_i_l_e _._._.]
vvii [--eeFFllRRvv] [--cc _c_m_d] [--rr _f_i_l_e] [--tt _t_a_g] [--ww _s_i_z_e] [--xx _a_w] [_f_i_l_e _._._.]
vviieeww [--eeFFllRRvv] [--cc _c_m_d] [--rr _f_i_l_e] [--tt _t_a_g] [--ww _s_i_z_e] [--xx _a_w] [_f_i_l_e _._._.]
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
VVii is a screen oriented text editor. EExx is a line-oriented text editor.
EExx and vvii are different interfaces to the same program, and it is possi-
ble to switch back and forth during an edit session. VViieeww is the equiva-
lent of using the --RR (read-only) option of vvii.
This manual page is the one provided with the nneexx//nnvvii versions of the
eexx//vvii text editors. NNeexx//nnvvii are intended as bug-for-bug compatible re-
placements for the original Fourth Berkeley Software Distribution (4BSD)
eexx and vvii programs. For the rest of this manual page, nneexx//nnvvii is used
only when it's necessary to distinguish it from the historic implementa-
tions of eexx//vvii.
This manual page is intended for users already familiar with eexx//vvii. Any-
one else should almost certainly read a good tutorial on the editor be-
fore this manual page. If you're in an unfamiliar environment, and you
absolutely have to get work done immediately, read the section near the
end of this manual page, entitled FAST STARTUP. It's probably enough to
get you going.
The following options are available:
--cc Execute _c_m_d immediately after starting the edit session. Partic-
ularly useful for initial positioning in the file, however _c_m_d is
not limited to positioning commands. This is the POSIX 1003.2
interface for the historic ``+cmd'' syntax. NNeexx//nnvvii supports
both the old and new syntax.
--ee Start editing in ex mode, as if the command name were eexx.
--FF Don't copy the entire file when first starting to edit. (The de-
fault is to make a copy in case someone else modifies the file
during your edit session.)
--ll List the files that may be recovered using the --rr option of vvii.
This is the new interface for the historic syntax of the --rr op-
tion without a file argument. NNeexx//nnvvii supports both the old and
new syntax.
--RR Start editing in read-only mode, as if the command name was vviieeww,
or the readonly option was set.
--rr Recover the specified file.
--ss Enter batch mode; applicable only to eexx edit sessions. Batch
mode is useful when running eexx scripts. Prompts, informative
messages and other user oriented message are turned off, and no
startup files or environmental variables are read. This is the
POSIX 1003.2 interface for the historic ``-'' argument. NNeexx//nnvvii
supports both the old and new syntax.
--tt Start editing at the specified tag. (See ctags(1)).
--ww Set the initial window size to the specified number of lines.
--vv Start editing in vi mode, as if the command name was vvii or vviieeww.
--xx Reserved for X11 interfaces. _N_o _X_1_1 _s_u_p_p_o_r_t _i_s _c_u_r_r_e_n_t_l_y
_i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
EExx//vvii exit 0 on success, and greater than 0 if an error occurs.
EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS
COLUMNS
The number of columns on the screen. This value overrides any sys-
tem or terminal specific values. If the COLUMNS environmental
variable is not set when eexx//vvii runs, or the ccoolluummnnss option is ex-
plicitly reset by the user, eexx//vvii enters the value into the envi-
ronment.
EXINIT
A list of eexx startup commands, read if the variable NEXINIT is not
set.
HOME The user's home directory, used as the initial directory path for
the startup _$_H_O_M_E_/_._n_e_x_r_c and _$_H_O_M_E_/_._e_x_r_c files. This value is also
used as the default directory for the vvii ccdd command.
LINES
The number of rows on the screen. This value overrides any system
or terminal specific values. If the LINES environmental variable
is not set when eexx//vvii runs, or the lliinneess option is explicitly reset
by the user, eexx//vvii enters the value into the environment.
NEXINIT
A list of eexx startup commands.
SHELL
The user's shell of choice (see also the sshheellll option).
TERM The user's terminal type. The default is the type ``unknown''. If
the TERM environmental variable is not set when eexx//vvii runs, or the
tteerrmm option is explicitly reset by the user, eexx//vvii enters the value
into the environment.
TMPDIR
The location used to stored temporary files (see also the ddiirreeccttoorryy
option).
SSEETT OOPPTTIIOONNSS
There are a large number of options that may be set (or unset) to change
the editor's behavior. This section describes the options, their abbre-
viations and their default values.
In each entry below, the first part of the tag line is the full name of
the option, followed by any equivalent abbreviations. The part in square
brackets is the default value of the option. Most of the options are
boolean, i.e. they are either on or off, and do not have an associated
value.
Options apply to both eexx and vvii modes, unless otherwise specified.
altwerase [off]
VVii only. Select an alternate word erase algorithm.
autoindent, ai [off]
Automatically indent new lines.
autoprint, ap [off]
EExx only. Display the current line automatically.
autowrite, aw [off]
Write modified files automatically when changing files.
beautify, bf [off]
Discard control characters.
cdpath [environment variable CDPATH, or ``.'']
The directory paths used as path prefixes for the ccdd command.
columns, co [80]
Set the number of columns in the screen.
comment [off]
VVii only. Skip leading comments in files.
directory, dir [environment variable TMPDIR, or /tmp]
The directory where temporary files are created.
edcompatible, ed [off]
Modify the behavior of certain suffices for the eexx ssuubbssttiittuuttee com-
mand.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _i_s _n_o_t _y_e_t _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
errorbells, eb [off]
EExx only. Precede error messages with a bell.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _i_s _n_o_t _y_e_t _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
exrc, ex [off]
Never read startup files in the local directory.
extended [off]
Regular expressions are extended (i.e. egrep(1) style) expres-
sions.
flash [on]
Flash the screen instead of beeping the keyboard on error.
hardtabs, ht [8]
Set the spacing between hardware tab settings.
ignorecase, ic [off]
Ignore case differences in regular expressions.
keytime [6]
The 10th's of a second eexx//vvii waits for a subsequent key to complete
a key mapping.
leftright [off]
VVii only. Do left-right scrolling.
lines, li [24]
VVii only. Set the number of lines in the screen.
lisp [off]
VVii only. Modify various search commands and options to work with
Lisp.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _i_s _n_o_t _y_e_t _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
list [off]
Display lines in an unambiguous fashion.
magic [on]
Treat certain characters specially in regular expressions.
matchtime [7]
VVii only. The 10th's of a second eexx//vvii pauses on the matching char-
acter when the sshhoowwmmaattcchh option is set.
mesg [on]
Permit messages from other users.
modelines, modeline [off]
Read the first and last few lines of each file for eexx commands.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _w_i_l_l _n_e_v_e_r _b_e _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
number, nu [off]
Precede each line displayed with its current line number.
open [on]
EExx only. If this option is not set, the ooppeenn and vviissuuaall commands
are disallowed.
optimize, opt [on]
VVii only. Optimize text throughput to dumb terminals.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _i_s _n_o_t _y_e_t _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
paragraphs, para [IPLPPPQPP LIpplpipbp]
VVii only. Define additional paragraph boundaries for the {{ and }}
commands.
prompt [on]
EExx only. Display a command prompt.
readonly, ro [off]
Mark the file as read-only.
recdir [/var/tmp/vi.recover]
The directory where recovery files are stored.
redraw, re [off]
VVii only. Simulate an intelligent terminal on a dumb one.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _i_s _n_o_t _y_e_t _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
remap [on]
Remap keys until resolved.
remapmax [on]
Limit the number of times a key may be remapped.
report [5]
Set the number of lines about which the editor reports changes.
ruler [off]
VVii only. Display a row/column ruler on the colon command line.
scroll, scr [window / 2]
Set the number of lines scrolled.
sections, sect [NHSHH HUnhsh]
VVii only. Define additional section boundaries for the [[[[ and ]]]]
commands.
shell, sh [environment variable SHELL, or /bin/sh]
Select the shell used by the editor.
shiftwidth, sw [8]
Set the autoindent and shift command indentation width.
showdirty [off]
VVii only. Display an asterisk on the colon command line if the file
has been modified.
showmatch, sm [off]
VVii only. Note matching ``{'' and ``('' for ``}'' and ``)'' charac-
ters.
showmode [off]
VVii only. Display the current editor mode (command or input).
sidescroll [16]
VVii only. Set the amount a left-right scroll will shift.
slowopen, slow [off]
Delay display updating during text input.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _i_s _n_o_t _y_e_t _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
sourceany [off]
Read startup files not owned by the current user.
_T_h_i_s _o_p_t_i_o_n _w_i_l_l _n_e_v_e_r _b_e _i_m_p_l_e_m_e_n_t_e_d_.
tabstop, ts [8]
This option sets tab widths for the editor display.
taglength, tl [0]
Set the number of significant characters in tag names.
tags, tag [tags /var/db/libc.tags /sys/kern/tags]
Set the list of tags files.
term, ttytype, tty [environment variable TERM]
Set the terminal type.
terse [off]
This option has historically made editor messages less verbose. It
has no effect in this implementation.
timeout, to [on]
Time out on keys which may be mapped.
ttywerase [off]
VVii only. Select an alternate erase algorithm.
verbose [off]
only. Display an error message for every error.
w300 [no default]
VVii only. Set the window size if the baud rate is less than 1200
baud.
w1200 [no default]
VVii only. Set the window size if the baud rate is equal to 1200
baud.
w9600 [no default]
VVii only. Set the window size if the baud rate is greater than 1200
baud.
warn [on]
EExx only. This option causes a warning message to the terminal if
the file has been modified, since it was last written, before a !!
command.
window, w, wi [environment variable LINES]
Set the window size for the screen.
wrapmargin, wm [0]
VVii only. Break lines automatically when they reach the right-hand
margin.
wrapscan, ws [on]
Set searches to wrap around the end or beginning of the file.
writeany, wa [off]
Turn off file-overwriting checks.
FFAASSTT SSTTAARRTTUUPP
This section will tell you the minimum amount that you need to do simple
editing tasks using vvii. If you've never used any screen editor before,
you're likely to have problems even with this simple introduction. In
that case you should find someone that already knows vvii and have them
walk you through this section.
VVii is a screen editor. This means that it takes up almost the entire
screen, displaying part of the file on each screen line, except for the
last line of the screen. The last line of the screen is used for you to
give commands to vvii, and for vvii to give information to you.
The other fact that you need to understand is that vvii is a modeful edi-
tor, i.e. you are either entering text or you are executing commands, and
you have to be in the right mode to do one or the other. You will be in
command mode when you first start editing a file. There are commands
that switch you into input mode. There is only one key that takes you
out of input mode, and that is the <escape> key. (Key names are written
using less-than and greater-than signs, e.g. <escape> means the
``escape'' key, usually labeled ``esc'' on your terminal's keyboard.) If
you're ever confused as to which mode you're in, keep entering the <es-
cape> key until vvii beeps at you. (Generally, vvii will beep at you if you
try and do something that's not allowed. It will also display error mes-
sages.)
To start editing a file, enter the command ``vi file_name<carriage-
return>''. The command you should enter as soon as you start editing is
``:set verbose showmode<carriage-return>''. This will make the editor
give you verbose error messages and display the current mode at the bot-
tom of the screen.
The commands to move around the file are:
hh Move the cursor left one character.
jj Move the cursor down one line.
kk Move the cursor up one line.
ll Move the cursor right one character.
<<ccuurrssoorr--aarrrroowwss>>
The cursor arrow keys should work, too.
//tteexxtt<<ccaarrrriiaaggee--rreettuurrnn>>
Search for the string ``text'' in the file, and move the cursor to
its first character.
The commands to enter new text are:
aa Append new text, _a_f_t_e_r the cursor.
ii Insert new text, _b_e_f_o_r_e the cursor.
oo Open a new line below the line the cursor is on, and start entering
text.
OO Open a new line above the line the cursor is on, and start entering
text.
<<eessccaappee>>
Once you've entered input mode using the one of the aa, ii, OO, or oo
commands, use <<eessccaappee>> to quit entering text and return to command
mode.
The commands to copy text are:
yyyy Copy the line the cursor is on.
pp Append the copied line after the line the cursor is on.
The commands to delete text are:
dddd Delete the line the cursor is on.
xx Delete the character the cursor is on.
The commands to write the file are:
::ww<<ccaarrrriiaaggee--rreettuurrnn>>
Write the file back to the file with the name that you originally
used as an argument on the vvii command line.
::ww ffiillee__nnaammee<<ccaarrrriiaaggee--rreettuurrnn>>
Write the file back to the file with the name ``file_name''.
The commands to quit editing and exit the editor are:
::qq<<ccaarrrriiaaggee--rreettuurrnn>>
Quit editing and leave vi (if you've modified the file, but not
saved your changes, vvii will refuse to quit).
::qq!!<<ccaarrrriiaaggee--rreettuurrnn>>
Quit, discarding any modifications that you may have made.
One final caution. Unusual characters can take up more than one column
on the screen, and long lines can take up more than a single screen line.
The above commands work on ``physical'' characters and lines, i.e. they
affect the entire line no matter how many screen lines it takes up and
the entire character no matter how many screen columns it takes up.
BBUUGGSS
See the file _n_v_i_/_d_o_c_s_/_b_u_g_s_._c_u_r_r_e_n_t for a list of the known bugs in this
version.
FFIILLEESS
/bin/sh The default user shell.
/etc/vi.exrc System-wide vi startup file.
/tmp Temporary file directory.
/var/tmp/vi.recover Recovery file directory.
$HOME/.nexrc 1st choice for user's home directory startup file.
$HOME/.exrc 2nd choice for user's home directory startup file.
.nexrc 1st choice for local directory startup file.
.exrc 2nd choice for local directory startup file.
SSEEEE AALLSSOO
ctags(1), more(1), curses(3), dbopen(3)
The ``Vi Quick Reference'' card.
``Introduction to Display Editing with Vi'', found in the ``UNIX User's
Manual Supplementary Documents''.
``Edit: A tutorial'', found in the ``UNIX User's Manual Supplementary
Documents''.
``Ex Reference Manual (Version 3.7)'', found in the ``UNIX User's Manual
Supplementary Documents''.
NNrrooffff//ttrrooffff source for the previous three documents are distributed with
nneexx//nnvvii in the _n_v_i_/_d_o_c_s_/_U_S_D_._d_o_c directory of the nneexx//nnvvii source code.
The files ``autowrite'', ``input'', ``quoting'', and ``structures'',
found in the _n_v_i_/_d_o_c_s_/_i_n_t_e_r_n_a_l_s directory of the nneexx//nnvvii source code.
HHIISSTTOORRYY
The nneexx//nnvvii replacements for the eexx//vvii editor first appeared in 4.4BSD.
SSTTAANNDDAARRDDSS
NNeexx//nnvvii is close to IEEE Std1003.2 (``POSIX''). That document differs
from historical eexx//vvii practice in several places; there are changes to be
made on both sides.
4.4BSD March 19, 1994 7