NetBSD/lib/libc/string/strmode.3

.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\"     from: @(#)strmode.3	8.3 (Berkeley) 7/28/94
.\"	$NetBSD: strmode.3,v 1.14 2002/10/01 17:30:00 wiz Exp $
.\"
.Dd July 28, 1994
.Dt STRMODE 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm strmode
.Nd convert inode status information into a symbolic string
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include \*[Lt]unistd.h\*[Gt]
.Ft void
.Fn strmode "mode_t mode" "char *bp"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn strmode
function
converts a file
.Fa mode
(the type and permission information associated with an inode, see
.Xr stat 2 )
into a symbolic string which is stored in the location referenced by
.Fa bp .
This stored string is eleven characters in length plus a trailing
.Dv NULL .
.Pp
The first character is the inode type, and will be one of the following:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width flag -offset indent -compact
.It \-
regular file
.It a
regular file in archive state 1
.It A
regular file in archive state 2
.It b
block special
.It c
character special
.It d
directory
.It l
symbolic link
.It p
fifo
.It s
socket
.It w
whiteout
.It ?
unknown inode type
.El
.Pp
The next nine characters encode three sets of permissions, in three
characters each.
The first three characters are the permissions for the owner of the
file, the second three for the group the file belongs to, and the
third for the ``other'', or default, set of users.
.Pp
Permission checking is done as specifically as possible.
If read permission is denied to the owner of a file in the first set
of permissions, the owner of the file will not be able to read the file.
This is true even if the owner is in the file's group and the group
permissions allow reading or the ``other'' permissions allow reading.
.Pp
If the first character of the three character set is an ``r'', the file is
readable for that set of users; if a dash ``\-'', it is not readable.
.Pp
If the second character of the three character set is a ``w'', the file is
writable for that set of users; if a dash ``\-'', it is not writable.
.Pp
The third character is the first of the following characters that apply:
.Bl -tag -width xxxx
.It S
If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is not
executable or the directory is not searchable by the owner, and the
set-user-id bit is set.
.It S
If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is not
executable or the directory is not searchable by the group, and the
set-group-id bit is set.
.It T
If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is not
executable or the directory is not searchable by others, and the ``sticky''
.Pq Dv S_ISVTX
bit is set.
.It s
If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is
executable or the directory searchable by the owner, and the set-user-id
bit is set.
.It s
If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is
executable or the directory searchable by the group, and the set-group-id
bit is set.
.It t
If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is
executable or the directory searchable by others, and the ``sticky''
.Pq Dv S_ISVTX
bit is set.
.It x
The file is executable or the directory is searchable.
.It \-
None of the above apply.
.El
.Pp
The last character is a plus sign ``+'' if there are any alternative
or additional access control methods associated with the inode, otherwise
it will be a space.
.Pp
Archive state 1 and archive state 2 represent file system dependent
archive state for a file.
Most file systems do not retain file archive
state, and so will not report files in either archive state.
msdosfs will report a file in archive state 1 if it has been
archived more recently than modified.
Hierarchical storage systems may have multiple archive states for a
file and may define archive states 1 and 2 as appropriate.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr chmod 1 ,
.Xr find 1 ,
.Xr stat 2 ,
.Xr getmode 3 ,
.Xr setmode 3
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Fn strmode
function first appeared in
.Bx 4.4 .