99 lines
5.1 KiB
Plaintext
99 lines
5.1 KiB
Plaintext
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.\" $NetBSD: ns.me,v 1.1.1.1 2000/04/28 03:39:17 itojun Exp $
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.\"
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.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
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.\" -
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.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\" -
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.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
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.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
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.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
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.\" specific, written prior permission.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
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.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
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.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
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.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
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.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
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.\" SOFTWARE.
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.\" -
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.\" --Copyright--
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.\"
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.\" @(#)ns.me 6.3 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
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.\"
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.sh 1 "The Name Service"
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.pp
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The basic function of the name server is to provide information about network
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objects by answering queries. The specifications for this name server are
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defined in RFC1034, RFC1035 and RFC974. These documents can be found in
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\fI/usr/src/etc/named/doc\fP in 4.3BSD or \fIftp\fPed from
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\fBftp.rs.internic.net\fP.
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It is also recommended that you read the related manual pages,
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\fInamed\fP\|(8),
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\fIresolver\fP\|(3),
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and \fIresolver\fP\|(5).
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.pp
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The advantage of using a name server over the host table lookup for host
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name resolution is to avoid the need for a single centralized clearinghouse
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for all names. The authority for this information can be delegated to the
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different organizations on the network responsible for it.
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.pp
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The host table lookup routines require that the master file for the entire
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network be maintained at a central location by a few people. This works
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fine for small networks where there are only a few machines and the
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different organizations responsible for them cooperate. But this does not
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work well for large networks where machines cross organizational boundaries.
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.pp
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With the name server, the network can be broken into a hierarchy of domains.
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The name space is organized as a tree according to organizational or
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administrative boundaries.
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Each node, called a \fIdomain\fP, is given a label, and the name of the
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domain is the concatenation of all the labels of the domains from
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the root to the current domain, listed from right to left separated by dots.
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A label need only be unique within its domain.
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The whole space is partitioned into several areas called \fIzones\fP,
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each starting at a domain and extending down to the leaf domains or to
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domains where other zones start.
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Zones usually represent administrative boundaries.
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An example of a host address for a host at the University of California,
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Berkeley would look as follows:
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.(b
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\fImonet\fP\|\fB.\fP\|\fIBerkeley\fP\|\fB.\fP\|\fIEDU\fP
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.)b
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The top level domain for educational organizations is EDU;
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Berkeley is a subdomain of EDU and monet is the name of the host.
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