132 lines
4.8 KiB
Plaintext
132 lines
4.8 KiB
Plaintext
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Once you've got the operating system running, there are a few
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things you need to do in order to bring the system into a propperly
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configured state, with the most important ones described below.
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1. Configuring /etc/rc.conf
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If you haven't done any configuration of /etc/rc.conf, the system
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will drop you into single user mode on first reboot with the
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message
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/etc/rc.conf is not configured. Multiuser boot aborted.
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and the root filesystem mounted read-write. When the system
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asks you to choose a shell, simply hit return to get to a
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prompt. If you are asked for a terminal type, respond with
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'vt220' (or whatever is appropriate for your terminal type)
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and hit return. At this point, you need to configure at least
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one file in the /etc directory. Change to the /etc directory
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and take a look at the /etc/rc.conf file. Modify it to your
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tastes, making sure that you set "rc_configured=YES" so that
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your changes will be enabled and a multi-user boot can
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proceed. If your /usr directory is on a separate partition
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and you do not know how to use 'ed' or 'ex', you will have to
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mount your /usr partition to gain access to 'vi'. Do the
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following:
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mount /usr
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export TERM=vt220
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If you have /var on a seperate partition, you need to repeat
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that step for it. After that, you can edit /etc/rc.conf with
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'vi'. When you have finished, type 'exit' at the prompt to
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leave the single-user shell and continue with the multi-user
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boot.
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Other values that need to be set in /etc/rc.conf for a networked
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environment are `hostname' and possibly `defaultroute', furthermore
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add an ifconfig_int for your interface <int>, along the lines of
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ifconfig_de0="inet 123.45.67.89 netmask 255.255.255.0"
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or, if you have myname.my.dom in /etc/hosts:
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ifconfig_de0="inet myname.my.dom netmask 255.255.255.0"
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To enable proper hostname resolution, you will also want to add an
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/etc/resolv.conf file or (if you are feeling a little more
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adventurous) run named. See resolv.conf(5) or named(8) for more
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information.
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2. Logging in
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After reboot, you can log in as "root" at the login prompt. There
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is no initial password, but if you're using the machine in a
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networked environment, you should create an account for yourself
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(see below) and protect it and the "root" account with good
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passwords.
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3. Adding accounts
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Use the `vipw' command to add accounts to your system, DO NOT
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edit /etc/passwd directly. See adduser(8) for more information
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on the process of how to add a new user to the system.
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4. The X Window System
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If you have installed the X window system, look at the files in
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/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc for information.
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On NetBSD/i386 and NetBSD/arm32, you will need to set up a
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configuration file, see /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XF86Config.eg for an
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example. See http://www.xfree86.org/ and the XFree86 manual page
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for more information.
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NetBSD/pmax _VER uses an X11R5 X server. These servers cannot read
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the compressed fonts which are shipped with standard X11R6
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configurations. You must take post-installation steps to make the
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X11R5 server work with the fonts that are standard for X11R6.3.
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The distribution file /usr/X11R6/bin/README.pmax contains
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information on how to choose an Xserver and how to access
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compressed fonts via a font server or to decompress the X fonts
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after installation. Please follow the directions there.
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Don't forget to add /usr/X11R6/bin to your path in your shell's dot
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file so that you have access to the X binaries.
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5. Installing 3rd party packages
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There is a lot of software freely available for Unix based systems,
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which usually runs on NetBSD, too, sometimes with some
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modifications. The NetBSD packages collection incorporates any such
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changes necessary to make that software run on NetBSD, and makes
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the installation (and deinstallation) of the software packages
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easy. There's also the option of building a package from source, in
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case there's no precompiled binary available.
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Precompiled binaries can be found at
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ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/
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Package sources for compiling packages can be obtained by
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retrieving the file
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ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/tar_files/pkgsrc.tar.gz
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and extracting it into /usr/pkgsrc. See /usr/pkgsrc/README then for
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more information.
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6. Misc
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- To adjust the system to your local timezone, point the /etc/localtime
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symlink to the appropriate file under /usr/share/zoneinfo.
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- Edit /etc/aliases to forward root mail to the right place (run
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`newaliases' afterwards)
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- The /etc/sendmail.cf file will almost definitely need to be adjusted;
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files aiding in this can be found in /usr/share/sendmail. See the
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README-file there for more information.
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- Edit /etc/rc.local to run any local daemons you use.
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- Many of the /etc files are documented in section 5 of the manual; so
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just invoking "man <filename>" is likely to give you more information on
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these files.
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