295 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
295 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
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# VIRTUAL(5) VIRTUAL(5)
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#
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# NAME
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# virtual - Postfix virtual alias table format
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#
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# SYNOPSIS
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# postmap /etc/postfix/virtual
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#
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# postmap -q "string" /etc/postfix/virtual
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#
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# postmap -q - /etc/postfix/virtual <inputfile
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#
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# DESCRIPTION
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# The optional virtual(5) alias table rewrites recipient
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# addresses for all local, all virtual, and all remote mail
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# destinations. This is unlike the aliases(5) table which
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# is used only for local(8) delivery. Virtual aliasing is
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# recursive, and is implemented by the Postfix cleanup(8)
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# daemon before mail is queued.
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#
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# The main applications of virtual aliasing are:
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#
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# o To redirect mail for one address to one or more
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# addresses.
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#
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# o To implement virtual alias domains where all
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# addresses are aliased to addresses in other
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# domains.
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#
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# Virtual alias domains are not to be confused with
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# the virtual mailbox domains that are implemented
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# with the Postfix virtual(8) mail delivery agent.
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# With virtual mailbox domains, each recipient
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# address can have its own mailbox.
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#
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# Virtual aliasing is applied only to recipient envelope
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# addresses, and does not affect message headers. Use
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# canonical(5) mapping to rewrite header and envelope
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# addresses in general.
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#
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# Normally, the virtual(5) alias table is specified as a
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# text file that serves as input to the postmap(1) command.
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# The result, an indexed file in dbm or db format, is used
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# for fast searching by the mail system. Execute the command
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# "postmap /etc/postfix/virtual" to rebuild an indexed file
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# after changing the corresponding text file.
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#
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# When the table is provided via other means such as NIS,
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# LDAP or SQL, the same lookups are done as for ordinary
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# indexed files.
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#
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# Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular-
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# expression map where patterns are given as regular expres-
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# sions, or lookups can be directed to TCP-based server. In
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# those case, the lookups are done in a slightly different
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# way as described below under "REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES"
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# or "TCP-BASED TABLES".
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#
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# CASE FOLDING
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# The search string is folded to lowercase before database
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# lookup. As of Postfix 2.3, the search string is not case
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# folded with database types such as regexp: or pcre: whose
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# lookup fields can match both upper and lower case.
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#
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# TABLE FORMAT
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# The input format for the postmap(1) command is as follows:
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#
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# pattern result
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# When pattern matches a mail address, replace it by
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# the corresponding result.
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#
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# blank lines and comments
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# Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored,
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# as are lines whose first non-whitespace character
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# is a `#'.
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#
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# multi-line text
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# A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A
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# line that starts with whitespace continues a logi-
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# cal line.
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#
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# TABLE SEARCH ORDER
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# With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
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# networked tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, patterns are
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# tried in the order as listed below:
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#
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# user@domain address, address, ...
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# Redirect mail for user@domain to address. This
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# form has the highest precedence.
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#
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# user address, address, ...
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# Redirect mail for user@site to address when site is
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# equal to $myorigin, when site is listed in $mydes-
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# tination, or when it is listed in $inet_interfaces
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# or $proxy_interfaces.
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#
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# This functionality overlaps with functionality of
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# the local aliases(5) database. The difference is
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# that virtual(5) mapping can be applied to non-local
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# addresses.
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#
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# @domain address, address, ...
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# Redirect mail for other users in domain to address.
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# This form has the lowest precedence.
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#
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# Note: @domain is a wild-card. With this form, the
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# Postfix SMTP server accepts mail for any recipient
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# in domain, regardless of whether that recipient
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# exists. This may turn your mail system into a
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# backscatter source: Postfix first accepts mail for
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# non-existent recipients and then tries to return
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# that mail as "undeliverable" to the often forged
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# sender address.
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#
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# RESULT ADDRESS REWRITING
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# The lookup result is subject to address rewriting:
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#
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# o When the result has the form @otherdomain, the
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# result becomes the same user in otherdomain. This
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# works only for the first address in a multi-address
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# lookup result.
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#
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# o When "append_at_myorigin=yes", append "@$myorigin"
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# to addresses without "@domain".
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#
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# o When "append_dot_mydomain=yes", append ".$mydomain"
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# to addresses without ".domain".
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#
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# ADDRESS EXTENSION
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# When a mail address localpart contains the optional recip-
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# ient delimiter (e.g., user+foo@domain), the lookup order
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# becomes: user+foo@domain, user@domain, user+foo, user, and
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# @domain.
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#
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# The propagate_unmatched_extensions parameter controls
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# whether an unmatched address extension (+foo) is propa-
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# gated to the result of table lookup.
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#
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# VIRTUAL ALIAS DOMAINS
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# Besides virtual aliases, the virtual alias table can also
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# be used to implement virtual alias domains. With a virtual
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# alias domain, all recipient addresses are aliased to
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# addresses in other domains.
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#
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# Virtual alias domains are not to be confused with the vir-
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# tual mailbox domains that are implemented with the Postfix
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# virtual(8) mail delivery agent. With virtual mailbox
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# domains, each recipient address can have its own mailbox.
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#
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# With a virtual alias domain, the virtual domain has its
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# own user name space. Local (i.e. non-virtual) usernames
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# are not visible in a virtual alias domain. In particular,
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# local aliases(5) and local mailing lists are not visible
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# as localname@virtual-alias.domain.
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#
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# Support for a virtual alias domain looks like:
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#
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# /etc/postfix/main.cf:
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# virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
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#
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# Note: some systems use dbm databases instead of hash. See
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# the output from "postconf -m" for available database
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# types.
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#
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# /etc/postfix/virtual:
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# virtual-alias.domain anything (right-hand content does not matter)
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# postmaster@virtual-alias.domain postmaster
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# user1@virtual-alias.domain address1
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# user2@virtual-alias.domain address2, address3
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#
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# The virtual-alias.domain anything entry is required for a
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# virtual alias domain. Without this entry, mail is rejected
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# with "relay access denied", or bounces with "mail loops
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# back to myself".
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#
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# Do not specify virtual alias domain names in the main.cf
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# mydestination or relay_domains configuration parameters.
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#
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# With a virtual alias domain, the Postfix SMTP server
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# accepts mail for known-user@virtual-alias.domain, and
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# rejects mail for unknown-user@virtual-alias.domain as
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# undeliverable.
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#
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# Instead of specifying the virtual alias domain name via
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# the virtual_alias_maps table, you may also specify it via
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# the main.cf virtual_alias_domains configuration parameter.
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# This latter parameter uses the same syntax as the main.cf
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# mydestination configuration parameter.
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#
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# REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES
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# This section describes how the table lookups change when
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# the table is given in the form of regular expressions. For
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# a description of regular expression lookup table syntax,
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# see regexp_table(5) or pcre_table(5).
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#
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# Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to
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# the entire address being looked up. Thus, user@domain mail
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# addresses are not broken up into their user and @domain
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# constituent parts, nor is user+foo broken up into user and
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# foo.
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#
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# Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the ta-
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# ble, until a pattern is found that matches the search
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# string.
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#
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# Results are the same as with indexed file lookups, with
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# the additional feature that parenthesized substrings from
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# the pattern can be interpolated as $1, $2 and so on.
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#
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# TCP-BASED TABLES
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# This section describes how the table lookups change when
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# lookups are directed to a TCP-based server. For a descrip-
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# tion of the TCP client/server lookup protocol, see tcp_ta-
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# ble(5). This feature is not available up to and including
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# Postfix version 2.4.
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#
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# Each lookup operation uses the entire address once. Thus,
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# user@domain mail addresses are not broken up into their
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# user and @domain constituent parts, nor is user+foo broken
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# up into user and foo.
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#
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# Results are the same as with indexed file lookups.
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#
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# BUGS
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# The table format does not understand quoting conventions.
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#
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# CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
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# The following main.cf parameters are especially relevant
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# to this topic. See the Postfix main.cf file for syntax
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# details and for default values. Use the "postfix reload"
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# command after a configuration change.
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#
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# virtual_alias_maps
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# List of virtual aliasing tables.
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#
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# virtual_alias_domains
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# List of virtual alias domains. This uses the same
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# syntax as the mydestination parameter.
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#
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# propagate_unmatched_extensions
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# A list of address rewriting or forwarding mecha-
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# nisms that propagate an address extension from the
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# original address to the result. Specify zero or
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# more of canonical, virtual, alias, forward,
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# include, or generic.
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#
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# Other parameters of interest:
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#
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# inet_interfaces
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# The network interface addresses that this system
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# receives mail on. You need to stop and start Post-
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# fix when this parameter changes.
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#
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# mydestination
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# List of domains that this mail system considers
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# local.
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#
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# myorigin
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# The domain that is appended to any address that
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# does not have a domain.
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#
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# owner_request_special
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# Give special treatment to owner-xxx and xxx-request
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# addresses.
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#
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# proxy_interfaces
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# Other interfaces that this machine receives mail on
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# by way of a proxy agent or network address transla-
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# tor.
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#
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# SEE ALSO
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# cleanup(8), canonicalize and enqueue mail
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# postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager
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# postconf(5), configuration parameters
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# canonical(5), canonical address mapping
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#
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# README FILES
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# Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_direc-
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# tory" to locate this information.
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# ADDRESS_REWRITING_README, address rewriting guide
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# DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview
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# VIRTUAL_README, domain hosting guide
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#
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# LICENSE
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# The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
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# software.
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#
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# AUTHOR(S)
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# Wietse Venema
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# IBM T.J. Watson Research
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# P.O. Box 704
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# Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
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#
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# VIRTUAL(5)
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