NetBSD/lib/libm/common_source/log.c

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/*
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* Copyright (c) 1992 Regents of the University of California.
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* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef lint
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/*static char sccsid[] = "from: @(#)log.c 5.10 (Berkeley) 1/10/93";*/
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static char rcsid[] = "$Id: log.c,v 1.5 1993/08/14 19:31:25 mycroft Exp $";
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#endif /* not lint */
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#include <math.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "log.h"
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/* Table-driven natural logarithm.
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*
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* This code was derived, with minor modifications, from:
* Peter Tang, "Table-Driven Implementation of the
* Logarithm in IEEE Floating-Point arithmetic." ACM Trans.
* Math Software, vol 16. no 4, pp 378-400, Dec 1990).
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*
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* Calculates log(2^m*F*(1+f/F)), |f/j| <= 1/256,
* where F = j/128 for j an integer in [0, 128].
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*
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* log(2^m) = log2_hi*m + log2_tail*m
* since m is an integer, the dominant term is exact.
* m has at most 10 digits (for subnormal numbers),
* and log2_hi has 11 trailing zero bits.
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*
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* log(F) = logF_hi[j] + logF_lo[j] is in tabular form in log_table.h
* logF_hi[] + 512 is exact.
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*
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* log(1+f/F) = 2*f/(2*F + f) + 1/12 * (2*f/(2*F + f))**3 + ...
* the leading term is calculated to extra precision in two
* parts, the larger of which adds exactly to the dominant
* m and F terms.
* There are two cases:
* 1. when m, j are non-zero (m | j), use absolute
* precision for the leading term.
* 2. when m = j = 0, |1-x| < 1/256, and log(x) ~= (x-1).
* In this case, use a relative precision of 24 bits.
* (This is done differently in the original paper)
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*
* Special cases:
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* 0 return signalling -Inf
* neg return signalling NaN
* +Inf return +Inf
*/
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double
#ifdef _ANSI_SOURCE
log(double x)
#else
log(x) double x;
#endif
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{
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int m, j;
double F, f, g, q, u, u2, v, zero = 0.0, one = 1.0;
double logb(), ldexp();
volatile double u1;
/* Catch special cases */
if (x <= 0)
if (_IEEE && x == zero) /* log(0) = -Inf */
return (-one/zero);
else if (_IEEE) /* log(neg) = NaN */
return (zero/zero);
else if (x == zero) /* NOT REACHED IF _IEEE */
return (infnan(-ERANGE));
else
return (infnan(EDOM));
else if (!finite(x))
if (_IEEE) /* x = NaN, Inf */
return (x+x);
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else
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return (infnan(ERANGE));
/* Argument reduction: 1 <= g < 2; x/2^m = g; */
/* y = F*(1 + f/F) for |f| <= 2^-8 */
m = logb(x);
g = ldexp(x, -m);
if (_IEEE && m == -1022) {
j = logb(g), m += j;
g = ldexp(g, -j);
}
j = N*(g-1) + .5;
F = (1.0/N) * j + 1; /* F*128 is an integer in [128, 512] */
f = g - F;
/* Approximate expansion for log(1+f/F) ~= u + q */
g = 1/(2*F+f);
u = 2*f*g;
v = u*u;
q = u*v*(__log_A1 + v*(__log_A2 + v*(__log_A3 + v*__log_A4)));
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/* case 1: u1 = u rounded to 2^-43 absolute. Since u < 2^-8,
* u1 has at most 35 bits, and F*u1 is exact, as F has < 8 bits.
* It also adds exactly to |m*log2_hi + log_F_head[j] | < 750
*/
if (m | j)
u1 = u + 513, u1 -= 513;
/* case 2: |1-x| < 1/256. The m- and j- dependent terms are zero;
* u1 = u to 24 bits.
*/
else
u1 = u, TRUNC(u1);
u2 = (2.0*(f - F*u1) - u1*f) * g;
/* u1 + u2 = 2f/(2F+f) to extra precision. */
/* log(x) = log(2^m*F*(1+f/F)) = */
/* (m*log2_hi+__logF_head[j]+u1) + (m*log2_lo+__logF_tail[j]+q);*/
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/* (exact) + (tiny) */
u1 += m*__logF_head[N] + __logF_head[j]; /* exact */
u2 = (u2 + __logF_tail[j]) + q; /* tiny */
u2 += __logF_tail[N]*m;
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return (u1 + u2);
}