NetBSD/usr.bin/vis/vis.1

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.\" $NetBSD: vis.1,v 1.23 2015/05/24 19:42:39 christos Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" @(#)vis.1 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
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.\"
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.Dd May 24, 2015
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.Dt VIS 1
.Os
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.Sh NAME
.Nm vis
.Nd display non-printable characters in a visual format
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
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.Op Fl bcfhlMmNnoSstw
.Op Fl e Ar extra
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.Op Fl F Ar foldwidth
.Op Ar file ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm
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is a filter for converting non-printable characters
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into a visual representation.
It differs from
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.Ql cat -v
in that
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the form is unique and invertible.
By default, all non-graphic
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characters except space, tab, and newline are encoded.
A detailed description of the
various visual formats is given in
.Xr vis 3 .
.Pp
The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl b
Turns off prepending of backslash before up-arrow control sequences
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and meta characters, and disables the doubling of backslashes.
This
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produces output which is neither invertible or precise, but does
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represent a minimum of change to the input.
It is similar to
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.Dq Li cat -v .
.Pq Dv VIS_NOSLASH
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.It Fl c
Request a format which displays a small subset of the
non-printable characters using C-style backslash sequences.
.Pq Dv VIS_CSTYLE
.It Fl e Ar extra
Also encode characters in
.Ar extra ,
per
.Xr svis 3 .
.It Fl F Ar foldwidth
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Causes
.Nm
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to fold output lines to foldwidth columns (default 80), like
.Xr fold 1 ,
except
that a hidden newline sequence is used, (which is removed
when inverting the file back to its original form with
.Xr unvis 1 ) .
If the last character in the encoded file does not end in a newline,
a hidden newline sequence is appended to the output.
This makes
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the output usable with various editors and other utilities which
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typically don't work with partial lines.
.It Fl f
Same as
.Fl F .
.It Fl h
Encode using the URI encoding from RFC 1808.
.Pq Dv VIS_HTTPSTYLE
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.It Fl l
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Mark newlines with the visible sequence
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.Ql \e$ ,
followed by the newline.
.It Fl M
Encode all shell meta characters (implies
.Fl S ,
.Fl w ,
.Fl g )
.Pq Dv VIS_META
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.It Fl m
Encode using the MIME Quoted-Printable encoding from RFC 2045.
.Pq Dv VIS_MIMESTYLE
.It Fl N
Turn on the
.Dv VIS_NOLOCALE
flag which encodes using the
.Dq C
locale, removing any encoding dependencies caused by the current
locale settings specified in the environment.
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.It Fl n
Turns off any encoding, except for the fact that backslashes are
still doubled and hidden newline sequences inserted if
.Fl f
or
.Fl F
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is selected.
When combined with the
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.Fl f
flag,
.Nm
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becomes like
an invertible version of the
.Xr fold 1
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utility.
That is, the output can be unfolded by running the output through
.Xr unvis 1 .
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.It Fl o
Request a format which displays non-printable characters as
an octal number, \eddd.
.Pq Dv VIS_OCTAL
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.It Fl S
Encode shell meta-characters that are non-white space or glob.
.Pq Dv VIS_SHELL
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.It Fl s
Only characters considered unsafe to send to a terminal are encoded.
This flag allows backspace, bell, and carriage return in addition
to the default space, tab and newline.
.Pq Dv VIS_SAFE
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.It Fl t
Tabs are also encoded.
.Pq Dv VIS_TAB
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.It Fl w
White space (space-tab-newline) is also encoded.
.Pq Dv VIS_WHITE
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.El
.Sh MULTIBYTE CHARACTER SUPPORT
.Nm
supports multibyte character input.
The encoding conversion is influenced by the setting of the
.Ev LC_CTYPE
environment variable which defines the set of characters that can be
copied without encoding.
.Pp
When 8-bit data is present in the input,
.Ev LC_CTYPE
must be set to the correct locale or to the C locale.
If the locales of the data and the conversion are mismatched, multibyte
character recognition may fail and encoding will be performed byte-by-byte
instead.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
.Bl -tag -width ".Ev LC_CTYPE"
.It Ev LC_CTYPE
Specify the locale of the input data.
Set to C if the input data locale is unknown.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr unvis 1 ,
.Xr svis 3 ,
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.Xr vis 3
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appears in
.Bx 4.4 .
Multibyte character support was added in
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.Nx 7.0
and
.Fx 9.2 .